Reaction process of monazite and bastnaesite mixed rare earth minerals calcined by CaO-NaCl-CaCl2

The decomposition reactions of monazite and bastnaesite mixed rare earth minerals calcined by CaO-NaCl-CaCl2 were studied by means of TG-DTA and XRD. The results show that the process of the minerals decomposed by CaO involves two steps. The first step occurs in the temperature range of 425-540 ℃, and the main reactions are bastnaesite decomposition, i.e. REOF reacts with CaO to produce RE2O3 and CaF2, and Ce2O3 is oxidized to CeO2. During this step, CaCO3 is formed at about 500 ℃. The second step takes place in the temperature range of 610-700 ℃, and the reactions are monazite decomposition into RE2O3, Ca5F（PO4）3 and Ca3（PO4）2 by CaO and CaF2. In this process, the decomposition ability is improved because CaO from CaCO3 decomposing has high chemical activity. In calcining process, the new formed Ca5F（PO4）3 restrains fluorine that can escape in form of gaseous compound. The decomposition ratio of the mixed rare earth minerals reaches 90.8% at 700 ℃.     

Improvement of wear resistance of AZ31 and AZ91HP by high current pulsed electron beam treatment

The surface modification of magnesium alloys （AZ31 and AZ91 HP） was studied by a high current pulsed electron beam（HCPEB）. The results show that the cross-sectional microhardness of treated samples increases not only in the heat affected zone（ HAZ）, but also beyond HAZ, reaching over 250μm. This is due to the action of quasi-static thermal stress and the shock thermal stress wave with materials, which result in its fast deformation on the surface layer and so increases microhardness. For the AZ91HP alloy, a nearly complete dissolution of the intermetallic phase Mg17Al12 is observed, and a super-saturated solid solution forms on the re-melted surface, which is due to the solute trapping effect during the fast solidification process. Measurements on sliding wear show that wear resistance is improved by approximately 5.6 and 2.4 times for the AZ31 and AZ91HP respectively, as compared with as-received samples.     

鞍山钢铁工业循环经济发展模式选择

从鞍山钢铁工业的实际情况出发,提出了建设混合型钢铁生态工业园的鞍山钢铁工业循环经济发展模式。从园区内企业分类、种群共生关系分析、行业网络耦合、生态产业链设计和企业生态位分析等方面对鞍山钢铁工业生态系统结构进行了设计。     

钢铁工业循环经济实践分析与发展途径

从循环经济理论研究的一般性问题出发，分析了钢铁工业循环经济的实践情况；阐述了钢铁工业循环经济发展的总体思路；设计了多条钢铁工业生态产业链；提出了铁素高效利用、水循环利用、能量梯级利用、固体废弃物资源化利用、信息集成利用的钢铁工业发展循环经济的实施途径。     

Fe-PGMs合金废电解液溶析结晶制备硫酸亚铁

以Fe-PGMs合金电解精炼产生的废电解液为原料,无水乙醇作为溶析剂,使用溶析结晶法从废电解液中将硫酸亚铁结晶析出。考察了溶析时间、乙醇与水溶液体积比、溶析温度、搅拌速度、陈化时间、无水乙醇滴加方式对硫酸亚铁结晶率的影响。结果表明,在溶析时间60 min、无水乙醇与水溶液体积比为1:1、溶析温度10 ℃、搅拌速度200 r/min、陈化时间60 min、乙醇滴加方式为逐滴加入时硫酸亚铁结晶率达到最大92.98%。此工艺避免了电解过程中废电解液对环境的污染,实现了电解Fe-PGMs合金中电解液及Fe-PGMs合金酸浸液的循环利用。     

鞍山矿业循环经济建设初探

阐述了矿业循环经济的基本内涵,指出了矿业循环经济的概念、实施原则和方式.介绍了鞍山矿业的基本情况,回顾鞍山发展矿业循环经济的基本做法及成效,分析了当前存在的问题,并对鞍山进一步发展矿业循环经济提出了对策和建议.     

浸入式侧吹气流在熔池中的穿透行为

利用摄像和量纲分析的方法研究了渣罐水模型中浸入式侧吹气体的最大穿透行为,从而为提高气液间的反应速率及氧枪的布局等问题提供参考.研究表明,当喷枪直径一定时,气体的最大穿透深度随气流动量通量的增加而增大,当动量通量相同时,液体的黏度越大,气体的最大穿透深度越小.气体无量纲穿透深度的经验数学表达式计算结果与实测气体穿透深度基本相符.     

稀土硅铁合金冶炼工艺及反应机理

综述了硅热法还原高炉渣、稀土富渣、稀土精矿及碳热法还原稀土氧化物、稀土富渣、氟碳铈精矿等生产稀土硅铁合金的工艺特点和技术进展.指出碳热还原法较硅热法具有能耗低、稀土收率高、无工业废渣等优点.分析了碳热还原法冶炼过程中的有关物理化学反应,碳热还原法工艺的关键是要强化稀土碳化物的生成.     

TiB2涂层的制备及其应用研究进展

二硼化钛(TiB₂)作为金属硼化物中密度最小硬度最高的化合物,是重要的现代陶瓷材料之一。它不仅具有传统陶瓷材料所具备的高熔点、高硬度以及良好的化学稳定性,还具有传统陶瓷材料所不具备的优良导电性能。因此TiB₂陶瓷不仅可以用于耐磨材料以及真空镀铝用蒸发舟材料,更是成为硬质刀具、电解铝惰性阴极以及空天飞行器热障防护等领域重要的防护涂层材料之一。本文结合国内外研究现状,重点介绍了TiB₂陶瓷涂层的气相沉积法、电化学沉积法、热喷涂法、表面熔覆法、电火花沉积法和溶胶凝胶法等制备方法的特点及适用领域,总结了其在关键领域的重要应用,并对其未来的研究方向和发展前景进行了展望。     

钢铁产品生命周期的铁资源效率研究

我国是铁矿石资源贫乏国家,矿石品位低,开采成本高。特别是近年来随着我国钢铁产能的迅速提升,铁矿石资源的利用问题愈发突出。本文以资源效率作为衡量天然资源节约程度的指标,设计了一张有时间概念的钢铁产品生命周期铁流图,在此基础上研究铁的排放率、大循环率、产量年均变化率和平均使用寿命对铁资源效率的影响规律,以此指导铁矿资源的高效利用。