危险废物焚烧飞灰等离子体熔融试验

在额定处理投料量80 kg/h的等离子体熔融炉实验平台上对危险废物焚烧飞灰进行熔融玻璃化试验，研究飞灰熔融前后、 2次飞灰的微观形貌、玻璃体渣中重金属的固化特性和浸出特性。结果表明：经等离子体熔融后得到的玻璃体渣质地结实，光泽鲜亮，呈典型的玻璃质结构，主要成分为Si—Al—Ca化合物。玻璃体含量为98.2%,酸溶蚀率为0.2%,热酌减率为0.5%,重金属酸浸出和水浸出远低于国标规定的毒性浸出含量。所采用的等离子体熔融工艺对焚烧飞灰中重金属有很好的固化效果，2次飞灰产率为8.15%,主要成分为KCl和NaCl;冲渣水水质成分和重金属含量满足污水综合排放标准1级。证明等离子体熔融是1种危险废物焚烧飞灰处置的有效方法。     

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Electron Beam Air Plasma Properties at Moderate Pressure简

Large size of air plasma at near atmospheric pressure has specific effects in aerospace applications. In this paper, a two dimensional multi-fluid model coupled with Monte Carlo （MC） model is established, and some experiments were carried out to investigate the characteristics of electron beam air plasma at pressure of 100-170 Torr. Based on the model, the properties of electron beam air plasma are acquired. The electron density is of the order of 1016 m-3 and the longitudinal size can exceed 1.2 m. The profiles of charged particles demonstrate that the oxygen molecule is very important for air plasma and its elementary processes play a key role in plasma equilibrium processes. The potential is almost negative and a very low potential belt is observed at the edge of plasma acting as a protection shell. A series of experiments were carried out in a low pressure vacuum facility and the beam plasma densities were diagnosed. The experimental results demonstrate that electron density increased with the electron beam energy, and the relatively low pressure was favorable for gaining high density plasma. Hence in order to achieve high density and large size plasma, it requires the researchers to choose proper discharge parameters.     

Numerical Simulation of the Self-Heating Effect Induced by Electron Beam Plasma in Atmosphere

For exploiting advantages of electron beam air plasma in some unusual applications,a Monte Carlo(MC) model coupled with heat transfer model is established to simulate the characteristics of electron beam air plasma by considering the self-heating effect.Based on the model,the electron beam induced temperature field and the related plasma properties are investigated.The results indicate that a nonuniform temperature field is formed in the electron beam plasma region and the average temperature is of the order of 600 K.Moreover,much larger volume pear-shaped electron beam plasma is produced in hot state rather than in cold state.The beam ranges can,with beam energies of 75 keV and 80 keV,exceed 1.0 m and 1.2 m in air at pressure of 100 torr,respectively.Finally,a well verified formula is obtained for calculating the range of high energy electron beam in atmosphere.     

电子束空气等离子体电子数密度分布模型研究

基于Monte-Carlo模型计算出的电子束空气等离子体电子数密度分布,建立了不同工况下该等离子体的形态参数和电磁参数模型。利用该模型对有、无电子束空气等离子体时目标电磁散射的变化进行了仿真计算,获得了不同工况下遮挡等离子体后相对于遮挡前电磁散射强度平均相对衰减。将仿真结果与相应工况下的实验结果进行了比较,对比结果表明:基于Monte-Carlo模型计算出的电子束空气等离子体电子数密度分布具有较高的可靠性。因此,建立的形态参数与电磁参数模型为深入研究电子束空气等离子体特性奠定了基础。     

浅淡高速铁路钢管贝雷梁支架法现浇箱梁质量控制关键点

目前,在高速铁路支架法箱梁浇筑工艺中,钢管贝雷梁支架法应用较为广泛,箱梁浇筑过程中,质量控制的好坏关将影响箱梁的结构安全和使用寿命,因为具有重要有研究意义,本文从方案制订、技术准备、体系管理、质量控制措施等方面进行说明。     

硅油介质循环高低温真空系统试验研究

为了掌握硅油介质循环高低温真空系统的特征和性能,便于今后开展各项空间环境模拟试验,根据试验过程中记录的数据,如温度、气压和时间,对RZHM-1500(设备编号)硅油介质循环高低温真空系统的特性进行分析.发现热沉温度随时间线性地上升和下降,舱压下降速度和极限真空度受热沉温度和材料析气影响较大.总结了极限真空度、抽气速度、...     

双弧室磁控空气等离子体炬电弧特性的实验研究

应用于等离子体风洞、固废处理的电弧等离子体炬需要具备高功率、宽范围变功率、使用空气作为气体工质和电极寿命长的特点,针对基于这种需求设计的一种磁控双弧室空气等离子体炬展开实验研究,通过电特性实验和数据归纳获得了气流、电流和气流量分配比等参数对弧电压变化的影响规律与高精度的定量关系式.通过烧蚀实验研究了在不同的气流、电流和...     

大气压电子束等离子体密度诊断实验

大气压电子束等离子体密度诊断用微波法和光谱法较为合适,根据微波在等离子体中的传播特性,利用微波透过等离子体时透射能量衰减和相位变化,计算等离子体密度,并与光谱诊断结果进行比较,2种方法诊断结果基本一致。在微波诊断等离子体实验研究中,发现空气湿度对大气压等离子体密度有显著影响,利用大气化学模型仿真研究湿度对等离子体密度影响规律,获得与实验测试一致的结果。     

低真空中高能电子束传输特性的MC模拟

基于Geant4蒙特卡罗程序包建立了低真空条件下高能电子束的输运模型,并用该模型详细研究了电子束在低真空条件的传输特性。结果表明,低真空条件下电子束传输特性与高真空下的有较大差异,环境气体对电子束有散射作用,而磁场可有效约束高能电子的传输轨迹,最终轨迹是磁场约束作用与环境气体散射作用竞争的结果。对于确定的磁场分布,电子束能量存在一个最佳范围,从而保证电子束的传输特性。