从集体利益中产生个人利益——共鸣设计方法及其在独立住宅转化为集合住宅中的运用

提出可以增加集合住宅受欢迎度的共鸣设计方法策略,这些策略不仅考虑到建筑本身的一些可能性,同时考虑到在空间和社会环境方面的要求,涵盖了物理的、心理的以及社会的因素;指出这类策略的应用带来了高度的用户接受度并使得适应性建筑在一个长时期内可以保持其价值.阐释在设计方法的帮助下,建筑物被记录和相互比较.     

Performance of Sulfate-reducing Passive Bioreactors for the Removal of Cd and Zn from Mine Drainage in a Cold Climate

Mine Water and the Environment - Passive treatment is a promising, green technology that is increasingly being used for mine drainage treatment. However, several challenges remain concerning its...     

基于转角位移法对正交各向异性桥面板内力的分析计算

由于大量的焊接连接件、高度集中荷载作用和它们导致的大量应力循环,正交各向异性桥面板对疲劳破坏非常敏感。在公路桥中,焊接在桥面板的加劲腹板通常易于遭受疲劳破坏。开发了一个分析模型,可以运用转角-位移法计算应力。它构建了一个桥面板的横截面模型,但是其中考虑了整个正交板的水平和竖向刚度以及纵向加劲肋的扭转刚度。这种方法可以计算桥面板横截面上的所有内力。     

Single Cell Bioprinting with Ultrashort Laser Pulses

Tissue engineering requires the precise positioning of mammalian cells and biomaterials on substrate surfaces or in preprocessed scaffolds. Although the development of 2D and 3D bioprinting technologies has made substantial progress in recent years, precise, cell-friendly, easy to use, and fast technologies for selecting and positioning mammalian cells with single cell precision are still in need. A new laser-based bioprinting approach is therefore presented, which allows the selection of individual cells from complex cell mixtures based on morphology or fluorescence and their transfer onto a 2D target substrate or a preprocessed 3D scaffold with single cell precision and high cell viability (93–99% cell survival, depending on cell type and substrate). In addition to precise cell positioning, this approach can also be used for the generation of 3D structures by transferring and depositing multiple hydrogel droplets. By further automating and combining this approach with other 3D printing technologies, such as two-photon stereolithography, it has a high potential of becoming a fast and versatile technology for the 2D and 3D bioprinting of mammalian cells with single cell resolution.     

Influence of Organic Carbon Sources on Metal Removal from Mine Impacted Water Using Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria Bioreactors in Cold Climates

Mine Water and the Environment - Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a major environmental challenge for the mining industry in northern climates. Laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to test...     

Case‐based decision support for fault diagnosis: Do salient ratings discourage situation analysis?

In the processing industry, frequent faults call for assistance in diagnosis, and case‐based reasoning (CBR) can provide solutions applied by other operators in the past. This study investigated whether salient case ratings promote an uncritical acceptance of solutions. In 2 experiments, subjects diagnosed faults with a simulated CBR system, and ratings were presented in graphical or verbal format. In most trials, the case with the highest rating provided the correct solution, while in catch‐trials, it did not. Graphical ratings were hypothesized to speed up solutions but discourage cross‐checking and lead to errors in catch‐trials. These hypotheses were not confirmed, even though Experiment 2 maximized the incentive of relying on case ratings. While graphical ratings led subjects to start with the most highly rated case, they did not impair situation analysis and accuracy. The results suggest that during fault diagnosis people are not easily misled into overtrusting a CBR system.     

Reassessment of SST4 Somatostatin Receptor Expression Using SST4-eGFP Knockin Mice and the Novel Rabbit Monoclonal Anti-Human SST4 Antibody 7H49L61

Among the five somatostatin receptors (SST1–SST5), SST4 is the least characterized, which is in part due to the lack of specific monoclonal antibodies. We generated a knockin mouse model that expresses a carboxyl-terminal SST4-eGFP fusion protein. In addition, we extensively characterized the novel rabbit monoclonal anti-human SST4 antibody 7H49L61 using transfected cells and receptor-expressing tissues. 7H49L61 was then subjected to immunohistochemical staining of a series of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded normal and neoplastic human tissues. Characterization of SST4-eGFP mice revealed prominent SST4 expression in cortical pyramidal cells and trigeminal ganglion cells. In the human cortex, 7H49L61 disclosed a virtually identical staining pattern. Specificity of 7H49L61 was demonstrated by detection of a broad band migrating at 50–60 kDa in immunoblots. Tissue immunostaining was abolished by preadsorption of 7H49L61 with its immunizing peptide. In the subsequent immunohistochemical study, 7H49L61 yielded a predominant plasma membrane staining in adrenal cortex, exocrine pancreas, and placenta. SST4 was also found in glioblastomas, parathyroid adenomas, gastric and pancreatic adenocarcinomas, pheochromocytomas, and lymphomas. Altogether, we provide the first unequivocal localization of SST4 in normal and neoplastic human tissues. The monoclonal antibody 7H49L61 may also prove of great value for identifying SST4-expressing tumors during routine histopathological examinations.     

Significant Decline in Galactomannan Signal during Storage of Clinical Serum Samples

Galactomannan (GM) is widely used for detection of invasive aspergillosis in high-risk haemato-oncology patients. Recent publications have reported a lack of repeatability of GM detection. The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the repeatability of GM levels during storage of clinical samples. In a GM screening strategy, positive sera were repeat tested as per manufacturer’s recommendations. Short-term (ST) storage of samples was at +4 °C while long-term (LT) storage was at −80 °C. Bronchoalveolar (BAL) fluid was also repeating tested after ST storage and LT storage. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was employed to assess the repeatability of GM levels. In a subset of 14 GM positive sera, repeat testing was performed on both the original serum and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) pre-treated sample. There was a significant reduction in GM signals on repeat testing following ST storage (median GM index: 0.65 vs. 0.19; p < 0.001) and LT storage (median GM index: 0.56 vs. 0.10; p < 0.001) of serum samples. Of samples that were initially GM positive, an average GM index reduction of 50% was seen, with approximately two-thirds becoming GM negative on repeat testing of the same sample. In contrast, GM signal loss was not seen on repeat testing of BAL fluid following ST or LT storage. When GM positive serum samples were repeat tested using EDTA pre-treated serum from the first step of the testing protocol, all samples remained GM positive. In contrast, when the same samples were repeat tested from the original collected serum, 9 samples (64%) became GM negative. The significant reduction in GM signals during ST and LT storage of serum samples has implications for clinical management. Although the reasons for GM decline are unknown, they occur prior to the EDTA pre-treatment stage, indicating that the time from phlebotomy to testing should be minimized. BAL fluid GM index values remain stable.     

Intramolecular Thioether Crosslinking to Increase the Proteolytic Stability of Affibody Molecules

Protein therapeutics suffer from low oral bioavailability, mainly due to poor membrane permeability and digestion by gastrointestinal proteases. To improve proteolytic stability, intramolecular thioether crosslinks were introduced into a three-helix affibody molecule binding the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Solid-phase peptide synthesis was used to produce an unmodified control protein domain and three different crosslinked protein domain variants: one with a thioether crosslink between the N-terminal lysine residue and a cysteine residue in the second loop region (denoted K4), a second with a crosslink between the C-terminal lysine residue and a cysteine residue in the first loop region (denoted K58), and a third with crosslinks in both positions (denoted K4K58). Circular dichroism (CD) and surface-plasmon-resonance-based (SPR-based) biosensor studies of the protein domains showed that the three-helix structure and high-affinity binding to EGFR were preserved in the crosslinked protein domains. In vitro digestion by gastrointestinal proteases demonstrated that the crosslinked protein domains showed increased stability towards pepsin and towards a combination of trypsin and chymotrypsin.