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Abstract A polycrystalline gold surface was modified with 2-benzo[c]cinnoline (BCC) in nonaqueous media using cyclic voltammetry. A multilayer BCC nanofilm at the gold surface was formed by the electrochemical reduction of 2-benzo[c]cinnoline diazonium salt (BCC-DAS). Grafting of BCC molecules onto the gold surface was verified by cyclic voltammetry using various redox probes, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The BCC film thickness was measured by ellipsometry and calculated as 46 nm indicating a multilayer film formation. The stability and the potential range of the novel Au-BCC modified electrode were also studied in open atmosphere and pure water. The working potential range of Au-BCC electrode was found to be between ?1.8 and +1.6 V. 相似文献
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Nevin Şanlier Büşra Başar Gökcen Aybüke Ceyhun Sezgin 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》2019,59(3):506-527
In the past, the beneficial effects of fermented foods on health were unknown, and so people primarily used fermentation to preserve foods, enhance shelf life, and improve flavour. Fermented foods became an important part of the diet in many cultures, and over time fermentation has been associated with many health benefits. Because of this, the fermentation process and the resulting fermented products have recently attracted scientific interest. In addition, microorganisms contributing to the fermentation process have recently been associated with many health benefits, and so these microorganisms have become another focus of attention. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been some of the most studied microorganisms. During fermentation, these bacteria synthesize vitamins and minerals, produce biologically active peptides with enzymes such as proteinase and peptidase, and remove some non-nutrients. Compounds known as biologically active peptides, which are produced by the bacteria responsible for fermentation, are also well known for their health benefits. Among these peptides, conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) have a blood pressure lowering effect, exopolysaccharides exhibit prebiotic properties, bacteriocins show anti-microbial effects, sphingolipids have anti-carcinogenic and anti-microbial properties, and bioactive peptides exhibit anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, opioid antagonist, anti-allergenic, and blood pressure lowering effects. As a result, fermented foods provide many health benefits such as anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-atherosclerotic activity. However, some studies have shown no relationship between fermented foods and health benefits. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the health effects of fermented foods. 相似文献
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A field study of the requirements engineering practice in Australian software industry 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Emila Sadraei Aybüke Aurum Ghassan Beydoun Barbara Paech 《Requirements Engineering》2007,12(3):145-162
Empirical studies have demonstrated that requirements errors introduced during software development are most numerous in the
software life-cycle, making software requirements critical determinants of software quality. This article reports an exploratory
study which provides insight into industrial practices with respect to requirements engineering (RE). A combination of both
qualitative and quantitative data is collected, using semi-structured interviews and a detailed questionnaire from 28 software
projects in 16 Australian companies. The contribution of this RE study is threefold: Firstly, it includes a detailed examination
of the characteristics of the RE activities involved in the projects. Secondly, it reconstructs the underlying practiced process
models. Thirdly, it compares these models to one another and with a number of well-known process models from RE literature
to give insight into the gap between RE theory and practice. 相似文献
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Tradeoff and Sensitivity Analysis in Software Architecture Evaluation Using Analytic Hierarchy Process 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Liming?ZhuEmail author Aybüke?Aurum Ian?Gorton Ross?Jeffery 《Software Quality Journal》2005,13(4):357-375
Software architecture evaluation involves evaluating different architecture design alternatives against multiple quality-attributes.
These attributes typically have intrinsic conflicts and must be considered simultaneously in order to reach a final design
decision. AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), an important decision making technique, has been leveraged to resolve such conflicts.
AHP can help provide an overall ranking of design alternatives. However it lacks the capability to explicitly identify the
exact tradeoffs being made and the relative size of these tradeoffs. Moreover, the ranking produced can be sensitive such
that the smallest change in intermediate priority weights can alter the final order of design alternatives. In this paper,
we propose several in-depth analysis techniques applicable to AHP to identify critical tradeoffs and sensitive points in the
decision process. We apply our method to an example of a real-world distributed architecture presented in the literature.
The results are promising in that they make important decision consequences explicit in terms of key design tradeoffs and
the architecture's capability to handle future quality attribute changes. These expose critical decisions which are otherwise
too subtle to be detected in standard AHP results.
Liming Zhu is a PHD candidate in the School of Computer Science and Engineering at University of New South Wales. He is also a member
of the Empirical Software Engineering Group at National ICT Australia (NICTA). He obtained his BSc from Dalian University
of Technology in China. After moving to Australia, he obtained his MSc in computer science from University of New South Wales.
His principle research interests include software architecture evaluation and empirical software engineering.
Aybüke Aurum is a senior lecturer at the School of Information Systems, Technology and Management, University of New South Wales. She
received her BSc and MSc in geological engineering, and MEngSc and PhD in computer science. She also works as a visiting researcher
in National ICT, Australia (NICTA). Dr. Aurum is one of the editors of “Managing Software Engineering Knowledge”, “Engineering
and Managing Software Requirements” and “Value-Based Software Engineering” books. Her research interests include management
of software development process, software inspection, requirements engineering, decision making and knowledge management in
software development. She is on the editorial boards of Requirements Engineering Journal and Asian Academy Journal of Management.
Ian Gorton is a Senior Researcher at National ICT Australia. Until Match 2004 he was Chief Architect in Information Sciences and Engineering
at the US Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Previously he has worked at Microsoft and IBM, as
well as in other research positions. His interests include software architectures, particularly those for large-scale, high-performance
information systems that use commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) middleware technologies. He received a PhD in Computer Science
from Sheffield Hallam University.
Dr. Ross Jeffery is Professor of Software Engineering in the School of Computer Science and Engineering at UNSW and Program Leader in Empirical
Software Engineering in National ICT Australia Ltd. (NICTA). His current research interests are in software engineering process
and product modeling and improvement, electronic process guides and software knowledge management, software quality, software
metrics, software technical and management reviews, and software resource modeling and estimation. His research has involved
over fifty government and industry organizations over a period of 15 years and has been funded from industry, government and
universities. He has co-authored four books and over one hundred and twenty research papers. He has served on the editorial
board of the IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, and the Wiley International Series in Information Systems and he is
Associate Editor of the Journal of Empirical Software Engineering. He is a founding member of the International Software Engineering
Research Network (ISERN). He was elected Fellow of the Australian Computer Society for his contribution to software engineering
research. 相似文献
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