Gerstmann's syndrome following an acute herpes simplex encephalitis

The authors present a rare clinical case of a woman who developed Gerstmann's syndrome following an acute Herpes simplex viral encephalitis. Clinical observation and laboratory evaluation were performed during the acute phase of the disease. After that the follow-up continued for one-year period. The localization of the pathologic process was determined by computerized tomography, conducted periodically. The characteristics of the clinical picture are interpreted in the context of the contemporary concepts of the topical diagnosis of Gerstmann's syndrome. The possibility of a sudden onset of acute Herpes simplex viral encephalitis without a preceding febrile-intoxication syndrome is worth noting. Conclusions are drawn stressing the need of an early etiologic treatment and the importance of the rehabilitation activities during the convalescence period.     

Investigation of heat exchange in the water-spray cooling of high-temperature metal surfaces

A method is described and certain results presented of an experimental study of local heat exchange in the forced cooling of metal surfaces heated to high temperatures.Notation l distance from nozzle to heated surface - x, y horizontal and vertical coordinates in the field of the jet, read from the geometric center of the jet - V volumetric flow rate of water through the nozzle - p excess pressure of the water in front of the jet - F₀ area of sprayed surface of specimen - F_c area of unsprayed surface of working part of specimen - t temperature of sprayed surface of specimen - t_w temperature of the water entering the nozzle - N, N_c power required to heat the working part of the specimen to a given temperature with and without the spraying of water onto the surface, respectively - g local spraying density - local heat-transfer coefficient Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 39, No. 2, pp. 315–322, August, 1980.     

Bulgaria

Abstract

In a brief span of only 135 years, photography has been turned from a purely technical invention into a symbol of our time, and this itself constitutes one of the most remarkable phenomena of modern civilization. The illustration has become the full-fledged partner of literature, and photography a basic means of acquiring and recording knowledge. Photography has become a tool of science, and a means of the aesthetic exploration of reality. It spread rapidly all over the world; but its appearance in Bulgaria was greatly delayed because the Bulgarian people were still under Ottoman domination and some 39 years since its invention had passed before liberation finally came.     

Sequestration of Host Plant Glucosinolates in the Defensive Hemolymph of the Sawfly Athalia rosae

Interactions between insects and glucosinolate-containing plant species have been investigated for a long time. Although the glucosinolate–myrosinase system is believed to act as a defense mechanism against generalist herbivores and fungi, several specialist insects use these secondary metabolites for host plant finding and acceptance and can handle them physiologically. However, sequestration of glucosinolates in specialist herbivores has been less well studied. Larvae of the turnip sawfly Athalia rosae feed on several glucosinolate-containing plant species. When larvae are disturbed by antagonists, they release one or more small droplets of hemolymph from their integument. This reflex bleeding is used as a defense mechanism. Specific glucosinolate analysis, by conversion to desulfoglucosinolates and analysis of these by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array UV spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, revealed that larvae incorporate and concentrate the plant's characteristic glucosinolates from their hosts. Extracts of larvae that were reared on Sinapis alba contained sinalbin, even when the larvae were first starved for 22 hr and, thus, had empty guts. Hemolymph was analyzed from larvae that were reared on either S. alba, Brassica nigra, or Barbarea stricta. Leaves were analyzed from the same plants the larvae had fed on. Sinalbin (from S. alba), sinigrin (B. nigra), or glucobarbarin and glucobrassicin (B. stricta) were present in leaves in concentrations less than 1 mol/g fresh weight, while the same glucosinolates could be detected in the larvae's hemolymph in concentrations between 10 and 31 mol/g fresh weight, except that glucobrassicin was present only as a trace. In larval feces, only trace amounts of glucosinolates (sinalbin and sinigrin) could be detected. The glucosinolates were likewise found in freshly emerged adults, showing that the sequestered phytochemicals were transferred through the pupal stage.     

Effects of hydrogen sulfide containing gas condensate on the hepatic microsomal monooxygenase system]

Chronic action of different xenobiotics which form a part of condensed hydrogen sulphide-containing gas causes substantial changes in the activity of xenobiotic metabolic enzymes, which is suggestive of the damaged hepatic microsomal monooxygenase system. As the rate of biotransformation becomes higher, there are increases in the activity of microsomal monooxygenases and in the generation of active oxygen forms and hydrogen peroxide, by impairing antiradical and antiperoxide mechanisms. The experimentally used concentration of substances as constituents of condensed gas corresponds to the maximum acceptable air concentration of in the working area of gas-refining plants, but the functional features of the body's detoxifying system--the hepatic monooxygenase system should be taken into account while developing preventive measures of occupational diseases.     

Design development of a polymeric atmospheric film-type sprayer for cooling towers

The design of an atmospheric film-type sprayer, which is one of the basic components of cooling towers serving as component parts of the system supplying circulating water for any production process, is described. Promising use of the sprayer design developed for cooling towers in the chemical and petrochemical branches of industry is indicated.     

An evaluation of the spectrum of Plasmodium vivax subpopulations by the results of an experimental study of late relapses in Delhi]

Enhancement of DNA vaccine immunogenicity is a current topic of high priority in the field of applied immunology, especially as a means of controlling HIV infection. The adjuvant effect of Ubenimex (UBX), an anti-cancer immunomodulator, on a DNA AIDS vaccine which we developed was examined in a murine model. UBX was formulated into a preparation containing DNA plasmids encoding env and rev genes of HIV-1 strain III(B), and was inoculated intramuscularly into BALB/c mice. The sera obtained with this mixture had 2(3)-2(5) times higher specific IgG titres than those obtained without the use of the adjuvant. UBX also elicited both a stronger HIV-1-specific DTH reaction, as measured by the footpad swelling test, and stronger cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity, as assayed by the 51Cr-release method, compared with responses using DNA alone. The cytokine secretion profile of restimulated immune lymphoid cells showed that UBX raised IL-2 and interferon-gamma levels and decreased IL-4 production. HIV-1-specific immunoglobulin subtype analysis demonstrated that UBX stimulated IgG2a production but suppressed synthesis of IgG1 and IgE. These results indicate that activation of the T-helper type 1 subset was induced by UBX, suggesting a mechanism of immunomodulation mediated by this agent. We conclude that UBX acts as an immunologic adjuvant for DNA vaccination against HIV-1. UBX may be a suitable adjuvant for clinical use because of its lack of antigenicity and low toxicity.     

Laccase‐containing ureasil–polymer composite as the sensing layer of an amperometric biosensor

Innovative amperometric biosensors for monitoring the level of wastewater pollution have been constructed on the surface of the gold planar electrodes C220AT “DropSens” by using the organic–inorganic ureasil‐based composites as host matrixes and immobilized commercial laccase from Trametes versicolor . It was found that the biosensor based on the ureasil–chalcogenide glass composite is characterized by a very high sensitivity (67,540 А M^?1 m^?2) that is 38.3 times higher than for pure ureasil (the sensitivity of the bioelectrode was calculated as 1762 А M^?1 m^?2). On the other hand, application of the ureasil–chalcogenide glass composite with incorporated silver nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by high‐dose (1.0 × 10¹⁷ Ag⁺/cm²) 30 keV Ag⁺ ion implantation results in decreasing the biosensor sensitivity up to 2390 times (the sensitivity of the bioelectrode was 28.3 А M^?1 m^?2). The role of additives (chalcogenide glass and silver NPs) in the ureasil matrix on the biofunctionality of the biosensors produced is considered. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134 , 45278.