不确定视角下改进TOPSIS法的工程评标模型研究

评标质量决定中标者与招标项目的契合程度,但受经验知识和主观判断等影响,定性指标的量化过程易带有主观模糊性,从而影响结果准确度。为减少模糊因素对评标结果的负作用,引入Z-number模糊数识别定性指标的不确定性,依据熵值原理客观确定评标指标及评标专家权重,TOPSIS法集成指标值,构建基于Z-number理论的改进TOPSIS法评标模型。结果表明,提议方法不仅能明晰度量定性指标值本身的模糊程度,还实现了指标值不确定性的针对化削减。同时,在有效避免主观赋权带来的不确定性基础上,该方法也克服了指标间的不可公度性。通过示例分析与敏感性分析验证了模型的实效性与稳定性。     

基于张量距离算法预测空调系统的室内温度及供水温度

以维持室内温度舒适和提供运行策略、节约能源为目的,设计了张量距离模型用于挖掘不断增长的历史数据中的有效信息解决空调供暖问题.考虑到空调运维数据的时空特性及各参数的多维特性,将历史数据确定日类型、划分时间段、扩充室外温度后,构造历史温度特征张量,爬虫建筑物所在地的未来室外温度插值后按同样方法扩充数据为未来温度特征张量作为输入,衡量历史时间段与预测时间段中各输入参数的张量距离,找到最小值的索引及对应的纤维,逐小时输出预测时间段空调系统的室内温度及其供水温度.连续7日的预测数据表明:基于张量距离模型预测的室内温度与实际的温度差为0.46℃,比基于支持向量回归(SVR)模型预测的温度差(0.75℃)小,更接近实际温度;基于张量距离模型预测的供水温度与实际的温度差为2.08℃,可用作供水策略.     

Delphi7平台下的小型图书管理信息系统的设计与实现

该图书管理信息系统旨在实现更加科学、高效的图书管理,同时最大程度上满足读者需求、方便管理员操作,使用Delphi7开发平台和SQL Server2000后台数据库进行系统构建,能够完成查询、借阅等图书管理相关的多种功能,适用于各中小型图书馆,具有良好的推广性,基本实现了动态的信息化管理.     

Endoplasmic Reticulum–Targeted Fluorescent Nanodot with Large Stokes Shift for Vesicular Transport Monitoring and Long‐Term Bioimaging

Herein, a highly stable aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) fluorescent nanodot assembled by an amphiphilic quinoxalinone derivative‐peptide conjugate, namely Quino‐1‐Fmoc‐RACR (also termed as Q1‐PEP), which exhibits large Stokes shift and an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐targeting capacity for bioimaging is reported. It is found that the resulting nanodot can effectively enter the ER with high fluorescent emission. As the ER is mainly involved in the transport of synthesized proteins in vesicles to the Golgi or lysosomes, the Q1‐PEP nanodot with ER‐targeting capacity can be used to monitor vesicular transport inside the cells. Compared to conventional fluorescent dyes with small Stokes shifts, the self‐assembled fluorescent nanodot shows superior resistance to photobleaching and aggregation‐induced fluorescence quenching, and elimination of the spectra overlap with autofluorescence of biosubstrate owning to their AIE‐active and red fluorescence emission characteristics. All these optical properties make the fluorescent nanodot suitable for noninvasive and long‐term imaging both in vitro and in vivo.     

Conceptual design of a Moon-based Earth radiation observatory

An Earth radiation observatory on the nearside of the Moon could provide long-term measurements complementary to the satellite-based Earth radiation observation data. This study is intended as a preliminary step towards the design of a Moon-based Earth Radiation Observatory (MERO) and its instrumentation. Based on the analysis of data from the JPL Horizons Ephemeris System for an 18.6-years precession cycle, we show that due to the irregularities of the lunar orbit, for a MERO to maintain an all-time whole Earth disk coverage, it needs to be located within the region of 80.5º W–80.5º E and 81.5º S–81.5º N on the nearside of the Moon and requires a minimum angular instantaneous field of view of 2.07º. Additionally, it should have a 360º horizontally and 15.5º vertically orientation adjustability. On one hand there is a risk for a MERO instrument to receive direct sunlight which might excess the radiation allowance of the sensor; on the other hand, a MERO would have a better polar coverage than does a low orbit spacecraft borne Earth observatory. Within the deployable region, a multi-station MERO network may increase the instantaneous spatial coverage by up to around 10% with abundant overlaps to facilitate inter calibration and validation.     

VO2·0.2H2O nanocuboids anchored onto graphene sheets as the cathode material for ultrahigh capacity aqueous zinc ion batteries

Aqueous Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), using zinc negative electrode and aqueous electrolyte, have attracted great attention in energy storage field due to the reliable safety and low-cost. A composite material comprised of VO₂·0.2H₂O nanocuboids anchored on graphene sheets (VOG) is synthesized through a facile and efficient microwave-assisted solvothermal strategy and is used as aqueous ZIBs cathode material. Owing to the synergistic effects between the high conductivity of graphene sheets and the desirable structural features of VO₂·0.2H₂O nanocuboids, the VOG electrode has excellent electronic and ionic transport ability, resulting in superior Zn ions storage performance. The Zn/VOG system delivers ultrahigh specific capacity of 423 mAh·g⁻¹ at 0.25 A·g⁻¹ and exhibits good cycling stability of up to 1,000 cycles at 8 A·g⁻¹ with 87% capacity retention. Systematical structural and elemental characterizations confirm that the interlayer space of VO₂·0.2H₂O nanocuboids can adapt to the reversible Zn ions insertion/extraction. The as-prepared VOG composite is a promising cathode material with remarkable electrochemical performance for low-cost and safe aqueous rechargeable ZIBs.

     

轴向超声振动辅助铣削TiB2/7050Al复合材料残余应力试验研究

针对TiB2颗粒增强铝基复合材料可加工性差、切削温度高、刀具磨损严重等问题,开展TiB2/7050Al复合材料轴向超声振动辅助铣削残余应力试验,研究各加工参数对超声振动辅助铣削表面及亚表层残余应力的影响规律,并分析力热耦合作用对超声振动辅助铣削残余应力的作用机制。研究表明:TiB2/7050Al复合材料超声振动辅助铣削表面残余应力均为残余压应力,且残余压应力随每齿进给量、切削速度的增加而减小,而随着切削深度及超声频率的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势;工件亚表层残余应力影响层厚度为90~120μm,且未观测到明显的加工硬化现象。     

叶身曲面的等距面光顺方法

求取等距面是曲面交线清根加工中的重要环节。本文针对转子叶片类零件的特点,给出了一种具有较好光顺性的叶身曲面等距面的生成方法。消除了生成等距面时可能出现的折叠情形;给出了一种直观的曲面光顺进程控制方式,有效地处理了等距面的光顺问题。     

淀粉/聚乙烯醇活性包装薄膜及其在食品包装应用中的研究进展

综述了淀粉/聚乙烯醇（PVA）活性包装薄膜及其在食品包装中的研究进展,主要对从不同比例共混、疏水改性、增强改性等方面对淀粉/PVA薄膜的改性研究,从功能特性和活性物质对薄膜性能的影响2个方面对淀粉/PVA活性薄膜研究和薄膜在食品包装中的应用3个方面进行了归纳总结,旨在为以淀粉/PVA为基材的活性包装薄膜研究提供参考。     

Fabrication and mechanical properties of large-scale SiC impeller via vacuum gelcasting and pressureless sintering

Impeller is the key part of centrifugal pump to convey liquid. And combined with the engineering practice, we fabricated two types of open and semi-open SiC ceramic impellers with diameter of 100 mm and 160 mm via gelcasting and pressureless sintering. B4C and C were used as the sintering additives and sprayed drying granulation method was adopted for the starting SiC powder processing. Given the size and shape complexity of impeller, the optimized pH value, dispersant content, and solid-loading content for the fabrication of the SiC impellers were determined to be 10-11, 0.8 wt%, and 40 vol%, respectively. For the open impeller, blade height, cover board thickness, drying shrinkage, and sintering shrinkage are 10.5 mm, 4 mm, 10.3%, and 21.3%, respectively. For the semi-open ones, the corresponding parameters are 41 mm, 10 mm, 10.3%, and 21.3%, respectively. The average density of the two types of impellers is 3.15 g/cm3, and the mechanical properties of both impellers, including average hardness, flexural strength, compressive strength, and fracture toughness are 2478 HV, 436 MPa, 2093 MPa, and 3.17 MPa·m1/2, respectively. All variation coefficient values are smaller than 5%, which indicates a good uniformity in densities and mechanical properties of both the impellers.