仿生型步进式直线驱动器的研究

本文提出一种新型直线驱动器的仿生动作原理，并设计出两种机械结构及其控制器。实验表明，这类驱动器具有精度高，步距可变，输出力大，行程长，结构简单，体积小，内藏传感器，具有极好输出特性等特点。这类驱动器适用于一切超高精度的直接驱动。     

二苯并-18-冠-6的合成条件的优化

通过改变溶剂的极性、离子性、离去基团的活性及反应温度等方法,对传统的Pedersen冠醚合成法进行了优化,使目标产物的最高产率达到71%以上.产物通过IR、1H NMR及元素分析等方法进行结构表征.     

A STUDY ON THE SCALING RATE MODEL OF CALCIUM CARBONATE IN SATURATED WATER SYSTEM

1 INTRODUCTIONCalcium carbonate scaling is quite common in chemical processes,especially in heatexchangers.Only limited work has been done in mathematical modelling describingthe calcium carbonate scaling phenomenon.Hasson’s ionic diffusion model happenedto be one being rather broadly accepted.     

NUMERICAL CALCULATION OF TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION DURING ELECTRON BEAM TRANSFORMATION HARDENING

本文从理论和实验两方面,对20钢电子束相变硬化处理表面的热传导问题进行了研究.建立了移动半无限大工件、表面受均匀矩形热源加热的稳态、三维热传导模型.用有限差分方法数值求解了工件表面的温度场.由此估算了不同工艺参数处理对的表面最高温度、加热和冷却速度等一些无法实测的数据.基于材料热物性参数为常数的假设,得出了工艺参数与表面熔化温度之间的关系.此关系可作为电子束相变硬化处理时恰当选择工艺参数的依据.在实验方面,通过改变功率、移动速度和束斑尺寸等工艺参数,研究了20钢表面处理层的显微组织、相变区的形状和深度,确定了表面熔化的开始.实验结果与计算值两者符合较好.从而证明此计算模型是有效的.     

基于规则引擎技术的Vxworks操作系统配置平台的设计与实现

在嵌入式应用开发中,嵌入式操作系统的配置是一项重要的工作。文章提出了一个基于规则引擎的、结构灵活、具有良好的扩展性和易用性的嵌入式操作系统配置模型,而且在Vx-w orks系统平台下实现了应用。同时还对规则引擎、Vxw orks、XML、XML Schema和Eclipse插件开发等一系列相关技术进行了研究,通过实践应用验证了规则引擎以及配置模型在实际开发中的可行性。     

基于卷烟辅助材料参数的卷烟烟气有害成分预测模型

为考察卷烟辅助材料参数(卷烟纸克重、卷烟纸透气度、成型纸透气度、接装纸透气度和滤棒吸阻)对卷烟主流烟气有害成分释放量的影响,采用中心组合结合正交设计制备试验卷烟,利用线性回归法和逐步回归法建立卷烟辅助材料参数对主流烟气7种有害成分(CO,NNK,NH3,HCN,BaP,苯酚、巴豆醛)及2种常规化学成分(焦油、烟碱)释放量的多因素预测模型,根据统计学原理中交叉验证标准差(RMSECV)最小的原则筛选出最优预测模型。在不同卷烟配方条件下,外部验证结果表明:CO,NNK,NH3,HCN,BaP,巴豆醛、苯酚、烟碱和焦油等9种有害成分平均预测相对偏差分别为6.9%,8.7%,6.6%,11.8%,4.1%,8.2%,5.3%,4.0%和4.8%。9种有害成分预测模型预测精度良好,对于不同的配方和辅助材料具有广泛的适用性。     

国产混合型卷烟与国外知名品牌混合型卷烟的分析比较及发展思路

选择市场销售份额较大、档次较高的国产混合型卷烟与国外知名品牌的混合型卷烟进行系统详细的分析比较,找出我国混合型卷烟在物理特性、烟支结构、化学成分、烟气特征、感官质量等各个方面与世界知名品牌的差距。我国混合型卷烟在设计思路及化学成分上存在以下不足：（１）卷烟吸阻分布不合理,滤嘴吸阻偏低;（２）卷烟纸透气度偏高,而滤嘴通风稀释较少;（３）卷烟烟丝化学成分不协调,糖氮比偏高、氮碱比偏低、糖碱比则有高有低。这些差异是造成国产混合型卷烟吸味不佳及焦油量偏高的主要原因。针对这些不足,文章指出了我国混合型卷烟的发展思路及研究方向,认为应从产品设计、工艺加工、基础研究等方面入手。     

Layered Orthorhombic Nb2O5@Nb4C3Tx and TiO2@Ti3C2Tx Hierarchical Composites for High Performance Li‐ion Batteries

Engineering electrode nanostructures is critical in developing high‐capacity, fast rate‐response, and safe Li‐ion batteries. This study demonstrates the synthesis of orthorhombic Nb₂O₅@Nb₄C₃T_x (or @Nb₂CT_x) hierarchical composites via a one‐step oxidation —in flowing CO₂ at 850 °C —of 2D Nb₄C₃T_x (or Nb₂CT_x) MXene. The composites possess a layered architecture with orthorhombic Nb₂O₅ nanoparticles decorated uniformly on the surface of the MXene flakes and interconnected by disordered carbon. The composites have a capacity of 208 mAh g^?1 at a rate of 50 mA g^?1 (0.25 C) in 1–3 V versus Li⁺/Li, and retain 94% of the specific capacity with 100% Coulombic efficiency after 400 cycles. The good electrochemical performances could be attributed to three synergistic effects: (1) the high conductivity of the interior, unoxidized Nb₄C₃T_x layers, (2) the fast rate response and high capacity of the external Nb₂O₅ nanoparticles, and (3) the electron “bridge” effects of the disordered carbon. This oxidation method was successfully extended to Ti₃C₂T_x and Nb₂CT_x MXenes to prepare corresponding composites with similar hierarchical structures. Since this is an early report on producing this structure, there is much room to push the boundaries further and achieve better electrochemical performance.     

Electron Microscopy Studies on Ultrafine Zirconia Powders from Solvent Extraction with Tributyl Phosphate in Kerosene

Solvent extraction of Zr(IV) with TBP in kerosene was used to precipitate precursory zirconia which was then processed to produce ultrafine zirconia powders. The powder prepared was examined and characterized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Effects of the conditions of preparation on powder properties were especially investigated.It was found the preclpitate was gel-like material with heterogeneous porosity. The gel transformed to polycrystalline particles when calcined to ultrafine powder at 600℃. The composition of the loaded organic phase and the conditions of washing the precipitate are two main factors affecting the properties of powder obtained