Identification of tool and product effects in a mixed product and parallel tool environment

In the semiconductor manufacturing industry, production resembles an automated assembly line in which many similar products with slightly different specifications are manufactured step-by-step, with each step being a complicated physiochemical batch process performed by a number of tools. This constitutes a high-mix production system for which effective run-to-run control (RtR) and fault detection control (FDC) can be carried out only if the states of different tools and different products can be estimated. However, since in each production run, a specific product is performed on a specific tool, absolute individual states of products and tools are not observable. In this work, a novel state estimation method based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) is developed to estimate the relative states of each product and tool to the grand average performance of this station in the fab. The method is formulated in the form of a recursive state estimation using the Kalman filter. The advantages of this method are demonstrated using simulations to show that the correct relative states can be estimated in production scenarios such as tool-shift, tool-drift, product ramp-up, tool/product-offline and preventive maintenance (PM). Furthermore, application of this state estimation method in RtR control scheme shows that substantial improvements in process capabilities can be gained, especially for products with small lot counts. The proposed algorithm is also evaluated by an industrial application.     

Properties of osteoconductive biomaterials: Calcium phosphate cement with different ratios of platelet-rich plasma as identifiers

This study aims to evaluate further the performance of a platelet-rich plasma (PRP) additive incorporated with calcium phosphate bone cement (CPC) in vitro to prove its efficiency as bone graft substitutes and its compatibility to be incorporated into the CPC with other techniques in clinical restoration in vivo. The growth factor release ability and the osteogenic evaluation of PRP, CPC, and PRP/CPC testing groups with 5, 10, and 15 wt.% PRP were compared in vitro. Four groups were measured using non-decalcified staining methods in vivo, which include the testing group of 10 wt.% PRP/CPC selected from the evaluation in vitro, by using both the autograft with rabbit trabecular and CPC-only as comparison groups and the group without grafting material as the control sample. The results obtained through specimen immersion show that growth factor release and alkaline phosphatase activities after osteoprogenitor cell culture had a significantly better effect on 10 and 15 wt.% PRP/CPC than on the other groups in vitro. Analysis results suggest that PRP was still retained in the CPC matrix even after 32 days of immersion. The results in vivo show that the histology of the autograft bone and the control group without grafting material exhibited fibrous connective and adipose tissues, which obviously filled the created cavity even at nine weeks after the operation. Osteoregeneration was more successful in the PRP-additive group, which accumulated bone remodeling than in the other groups. In conclusion, CPC could be a potential carrier with adequate PRP additives that bear a therapeutic potential for enhanced bone tissue regeneration.     

高精胶印技术的开发与应用

1）高精胶印技术即“三高一全” 现代印刷是一个集光、机、电、化、计算机、色彩学、美学为一体的高新技术，工艺复杂，技术要求高。一个彩色胶印印刷品的完成，通常需要经过扫描分色，计算机制作，制版，印刷及印后加工等复杂环节。分色设备，制版输出设备，印刷机，油墨，纸张等都会影响印刷质量。从原稿到分色片，从分色片到印版，     

印前图文信息处理系统的搭建

随着计算机彩色图像处理技术的发展，印前系统由处理文字发展到能处理彩色图像，实现图文混排和整页输出、拼大版、输出CTP印版。印前系统由彩色图像输入、图像及文字编辑处理、图文输出等部分组成，各部分由相应的硬件设备和软件组成为一个有机的系统。高质量印前图文信息处理系统由图文输入、图文处理、图文输出和检测仪器检测四部分组成。[第一段]     

Nanoprobe-based affinity mass spectrometry for selected protein profiling in human plasma

In recent decades, magnetic nanoparticles have emerged as a promising new platform in biomedical applications, particularly bioseparations. We have developed an immunoassay using antibody-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient affinity probe to simultaneously preconcentrate and isolate targeted antigens from biological media. We combined this probe with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) to profile proteins in diluted human plasma. The nanoparticles were designed to detect several disease-associated proteins and could be used directly in MALDI MS without an elution step, thereby facilitating multiple antigen screening and the characterization of antigen variants. Plasma antigens bound rapidly (approximately 10 min) to the antibody-conjugated nanoparticles, allowing the assay to be performed within 20 min. With sensitivity of detection in the femtomole range, the nanoscale immunoassay is superior to assays using microscale particles. We applied our method to comparative protein profiling of patients with gastric cancer and healthy individuals and found differential protein expression levels associated with the disease as well as individuals. Given the flexibility of manipulating functional groups on the nanoprobes, their low cost, robustness, and simplicity of the assay, our approach shows promise for targeted proteome profiling in clinical settings.     

Magnetic and thermal expansion properties of chromium-substituted lithium ferrite

The structure, magnetic, and thermal expansion properties of chromium-substituted lithium ferrite have been investigated. The lattice constant (Å) decreases linearly as a (x) = 8.32366 − 0.04338x for Li_0.5Fe_2.5−xCr_xO₄ (x = 0.0–1.0). When increasing Cr content, the initial permeability decreased gradually. The average thermal expansion coefficient of Li_0.5Fe_2.5−xCr_xO₄ (x = 0.0–1.0) varied from 15.34 to 17.77 ppm/°C, with increasing Cr content, the average thermal expansion coefficient decreased. The average thermal expansion coefficient (ppm/°C) in the range of 25–850 °C give the polynomial correlation as follows, TEC (x) = 1 7.775 − 0.216x − 0.723x² − 1.493x³ for Li_0.5Fe_2.5−xCr_xO₄ (x = 0.0–1.0).     

A fast and low idle time method for mining frequent patterns in distributed and many-task computing environments

Association rules mining has attracted much attention among data mining topics because it has been successfully applied in various fields to find the association between purchased items by identifying frequent patterns (FPs). Currently, databases are huge, ranging in size from terabytes to petabytes. Although past studies can effectively discover FPs to deduce association rules, the execution efficiency is still a critical problem, particularly for big data. Progressive size working set (PSWS) and parallel FP-growth (PFP) are state-of-the-art methods that have been applied successfully to parallel and distributed computing technology to improve mining processing time in many-task computing, thereby bridging the gap between high-throughput and high-performance computing. However, such methods cannot mine before obtaining a complete FP-tree or the corresponding subdatabase, causing a high idle time for computing nodes. We propose a method that can begin mining when a small part of an FP-tree is received. The idle time of computing nodes can be reduced, and thus, the time required for mining can be reduced effectively. Through an empirical evaluation, the proposed method is shown to be faster than PSWS and PFP.     

Effects of post-annealing on electrical properties of CuF2·xH2O-doped KNN ceramics for rotary-linear ultrasonic motors

Lead-free (K_0.5Na_0.5)NbO₃ (KNN) ceramics were prepared using a novel sintering aid (CuF₂·xH₂O (x$\approx$2)) to investigate the effects of post-annealing temperature and atmosphere on oxygen vacancies, microstructure, and electrical properties. Post-annealing (K_0.5Na_0.5)NbO₃ +?1.5?mol% CuF₂·xH₂O (KNNCH) ceramics at 800?°C under argon was shown to increase the bulk relative density to 97% through the formation of a homogeneous microstructure with liquid phase. The resulting samples presented the following excellent piezoelectric properties: k_p：34.1% ($\pm \text{2\%}$); k_t：45.3% ($\pm \text{2\%}$); Q_m：3170 ($\pm \text{2\%}$); R_z：8.6?Ω ($\pm \text{3}\text{\%}$); and tan$\delta$：0.1%. Our results clearly demonstrate that annealing under argon can produce oxygen vacancies in ceramics, which has a significant influence on the stability of domain structures of the samples. Piezoelectric motors fabricated using these ceramics achieved a velocity of 4.5?mm/s, vertical velocity of 3.02?·mm/s, and output power of 2.93?mW with a negligible increase in temperature and high stability while driven.