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This paper suggests that for assessment studies, divisions into a core region (ecoseries), an immediate surrounding (ecosecction) and a wider surrounding (ecodistrict) should be used in ecosystem classification. A methodology to classify sites was set up and, making use of ten sites for biological evaluation in Belgium, it was shown how a hierarchical ecosystem classification could improve categorisation. Often the visual characteristics of the surrounding landscape, such as diversity or connectivity, mask the features of the core zone itself (ecoseries). Using different hierarchic ecosystem levels is a direct and effective help to avoid this masking and to give more importance to existing nuances. 相似文献
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Neo-colonial science by the most industrialised upon the least developed countries in peer-reviewed publishing 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
We are currently experiencing an era that is facing increasing global environmental and societal problems (e.g., climate change,
habitat destruction and economic recession). Scientific research projects are often required to emphasize and counter the
effects of inequity and globalisation, and prioritise cooperation supported by cooperative research. This paper investigates
whether publication of research that is carried out in least developed countries is done in cooperation with research institutes
from these countries. The study uses the Current Contents database of peer-reviewed publications from more than 7,000 journals in all sciences (Biology and environmental sciences;
Physical, chemical and earth sciences; Engineering, computing and technology; Life sciences; Clinical medicine; Arts and humanities;
Social and behavioral sciences) published between 1 January 1999 and 3 November 2000. From a total of 1,601,196 papers published,
2,798 articles of research activities carried out in the 48 least developed countries were selected using title information
as an indicator. Collaborative relationships between research institutions involved was then analysed within and between countries
and sciences. Our results show that publications of research, carried out in the least developed countries, do not have co-authorship
of local research institutes in 70% of the cases, and that a majority of the papers is published by research institutes from
the most industrialised countries in the world. We employed the use of questionnaires sent to authors from papers in the above-mentioned
database to detect possible causes of this high percentage of lack of authorship in the essential academic currency that 'publications'
are. 'Neo-colonial science' is identified as one of them. In addition, there exists a large discrepancy between what the surveyed
scientists say they find important in international collaboration and joint publishing, and the way they act to it. However,
the interpretation given to the fact that institutional co-authorship is underrepresented for local research institutions
in the least developed countries is less important than the fact itself, and future research should concentrate on a scientific
way to equilibrate this adverse trend.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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