Formation of Planar Field-Emission Devices Based on Carbon Nanotubes on Co–Nb–N–(O) Alloy

Semiconductors - Integrated field-emission devices and integrated circuits (ICs) based on them are a promising direction in microelectronics, which is associated with the use of low-voltage and...     

The servicing system <Emphasis Type="Italic">MAP</Emphasis>(<Emphasis Type="Italic">PH</Emphasis>)+<Emphasis Type="Italic">MAP/PH/N/R</Emphasis> as a model of optimizing an <Emphasis Type="Italic">HTTP</Emphasis> server with blockings

We consider a multiline queueing system with joint or single queries. The number of queries in a connection is random and is not known when the connection is established. Queries arriving during each connection are described by the phase type input steam. Accepting a connection in the system is restricted by tokens. Connections arriving when no free tokens are present are refused. Single queries arrive without tokens. If the number of free slots in the system is not enough, the system is blocked.     

Validation of a Method for Quantitation of Soybean Lectin in Commercial Varieties

Soybean agglutinin (SBA) protein, also known as soybean lectin, is regarded as an anti‐nutrient due to its negative effect on the ability of monogastric animals to gain weight following consumption of raw soybean seed. Historically, SBA has been measured using a time‐consuming and cumbersome hemagglutination procedure. The objective of our research was to obtain a validated methodology that is precise and accurate in the measurement of SBA while allowing minimally equipped laboratories to effectively conduct the analysis, thus our focus was on evaluating an existing commercially available ELISA, an enzyme‐linked‐lectin‐assay (ELLA), and a hybrid ELISA/ELLA. A new ELLA technique that can detect and quantify lectins was chosen and modified specifically for the quantitation of SBA in soybean seed. The proposed ELLA methodology is similar to a standard sandwich ELISA, and uses polyacrylamide‐linked N‐acetylgalactosamine (Gal–NAc–PAA) for a capture phase and the biotinylated version (Gal–NAc–PAA–Biotin) for detection. Based upon the validation data, the ELLA method can precisely and accurately determine soybean lectin levels in soybean seed. The validated ELLA method was used to quantify SBA in nine commercial soybean varieties introduced between 1972 and 2008 and demonstrated that the natural variability of SBA is subject to the effects of genotype and environment.     

The <Emphasis Type="Italic">MAP/M/N</Emphasis> retrial queueing system with time-phased batch arrivals

We consider a retrial queueing system with batch arrival of customers. Unlike standard batch arrival, where a whole batch enters the system simultaneously, we assume that customers of a batch (session) arrive one by one in exponentially distributed time intervals. Service time is exponentially distributed. The batch arrival flow is MAP. The number of customers in a session is geometrically distributed. The number of sessions that can enter the system simultaneously is a control parameter. We analyze the joint probability distribution of the number of sessions and customers in the system using the techniques of multidimensional asymptotically quasi-Toeplitz Markov chains.     

Test for the functional states of internal organs based on pulse parameters

A new criterion is examined for evaluating the functional state of a patient and the states of his internal organs from pulse characteristics, which employs a differential coefficient DC represented by the ratio of the pulsewave signal variance to the variance of the first derivative. The physical meaning of DC is defined. It is shown that it can be used in interpreting organ state in terms of Tibetan medical terminology. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 12, pp 48–50, December, 1997.     

Immunodiagnostic methods for detection of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase in Roundup Ready® soybeans

We have developed immunological-based detection methods to support labeling of protein-containing food fractions derived from Roundup Ready® soybeans. Western blotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedures were developed to measure the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (CP4 EPSPS) protein derived from the Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4 in the major processed fractions derived from Roundup Ready soybean. Expression of the CP4 EPSPS protein confers tolerance to Roundup® herbicide. The western blotting method utilizes a polyclonal goat anti-CP4 EPSPS antibody which specifically binds to CP4 EPSPS followed by detection of bound goat antibody with biotinylated Protein-G. Detection of this complex is accomplished using horseradish-peroxidase (HRP) labeled NeutrAvidin™ and signal development by enhanced chemiluminesence. Data from western blot analyses of these fractions establish that stable epitopes remain after the seed has been subjected to processing conditions typically employed by the food industry, thereby enabling development of an ELISA method. The ELISA for measurement of CP4 EPSPS is a triple antibody sandwich procedure utilizing a monoclonal capture antibody and a polyclonal detection antibody followed by a third biotin labeled monoclonal anti-rabbit antibody. Sandwich formation is detected using HRP labeled NeutrAvidin™ with color development using TMB substrate. In the sandwich ELISA, the immunological activity of CP4 EPSPS was reduced by the extraction method required to solubilize CP4 EPSPS protein from processed fractions. Sensitivity of the CP4 EPSPS ELISA was sufficient to detect CP4 EPSPS protein in processed soybean fractions that contained 2% Roundup Ready soybean mixed with conventional processed soybean fractions, thereby making the ELISA an acceptable method to assess CP4 EPSPS protein in processed soybean fractions. Data on sensitivity, accuracy, precision and specificity, established that the western blot and ELISA methods are appropriate for compliance with the EC Novel Foods Regulation.     

Experimental and Numerical Study of the Formation of Thermophysical Characteristics of Carbon Composite Materials. Part 2. Numerical Simulation of Operability of a Refractory Product Made of Carbon Composite Material

Refractories and Industrial Ceramics - A heating of a carbon-made product and thermophysical properties of a carbon material in the temperature range from 300 to 2,500 K were studied. A...     

Influence of the doping type and level on the morphology of porous Si formed by galvanic etching

The formation of porous silicon (por-Si) layers by the galvanic etching of single-crystal Si samples (doped with boron or phosphorus) in an HF/C₂H₅OH/H₂O₂ solution is investigated. The por-Si layers are analyzed by the capillary condensation of nitrogen and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The dependences of the morphological characteristics of por-Si (pore diameter, specific surface area, pore volume, and thickness of the pore walls), which determine the por-Si combustion kinetics, on the dopant type and initial wafer resistivity are established.     

Diagnostics of fast processes by charged particle beams at TWAC-ITEP accelerator-accumulator facility

A new setup for the experimental investigation of rapid dynamic processes using proton radiography techniques has been created at the TWAC-ITEP terawatt accelerator-accumulator facility. A set of equipment for conducting shock-wave experiments has been designed, constructed, and tested, and an instrumentation-software complex has been developed for the automation of experiments. The first series of experiments with dynamic targets representing high explosives have been carried out, in which the density distribution in detonation waves initiated in these explosives has been measured.