Not all arguments are processed equally: a distributional model of argument complexity

Language Resources and Evaluation - This work addresses some questions about language processing: what does it mean that natural language sentences are semantically complex? What semantic features...     

Anisotropic MoS2 Nanosheets Grown on Self‐Organized Nanopatterned Substrates

Manipulating the anisotropy in 2D nanosheets is a promising way to tune or trigger functional properties at the nanoscale. Here, a novel approach is presented to introduce a one‐directional anisotropy in MoS₂ nanosheets via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) onto rippled patterns prepared on ion‐sputtered SiO₂/Si substrates. The optoelectronic properties of MoS₂ are dramatically affected by the rippled MoS₂ morphology both at the macro‐ and the nanoscale. In particular, strongly anisotropic phonon modes are observed depending on the polarization orientation with respect to the ripple axis. Moreover, the rippled morphology induces localization of strain and charge doping at the nanoscale, thus causing substantial redshifts of the phonon mode frequencies and a topography‐dependent modulation of the MoS₂ workfunction, respectively. This study paves the way to a controllable tuning of the anisotropy via substrate pattern engineering in CVD‐grown 2D nanosheets.     

Identification of Hck Inhibitors As Hits for the Development of Antileukemia and Anti‐HIV Agents

Hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck) is a member of the Src family of non‐receptor protein tyrosine kinases. High levels of Hck are associated with drug resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia. Furthermore, Hck activity has been connected with HIV‐1. Herein, structure‐based drug design efforts were aimed at identifying novel Hck inhibitors. First, an in‐house library of pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine derivatives, which were previously shown to be dual Abl and c‐Src inhibitors, was analyzed by docking studies within the ATP binding site of Hck to select the best candidates to be tested in a cell‐free assay. Next, the same computational protocol was applied to screen a database of commercially available compounds. As a result, most of the selected compounds were found active against Hck, with K_i values ranging from 0.14 to 18.4 μM , confirming the suitability of the computational approach adopted. Furthermore, selected compounds showed an interesting antiproliferative activity profile against the human leukemia cell line KU‐812, and one compound was found to block HIV‐1 replication at sub‐toxic concentrations.     

Fermi-surface Shrinking, Interband Coupling and Multiple Gaps in Iron-based Pnictides

In this contribution we present a comprehensive explanation for the origin of the band shifts observed in dHvA and ARPES experiments. Using a four-band Eliashberg analysis, we show that they are a natural consequence of the multiband character of these systems and of the strong particle-hole asymmetry of the bands. We also show that the relative sign of such shifts provides a direct experimental evidence of a dominant interband scattering. A quantitative analysis in LaFePO yields a spin-mediated interband coupling of the order V??0.46?eV, which corresponds to a mass enhancement Z??1.4. We also employ such four-band model to investigate the magnitude of the superconducting gap on different Fermi sheets of Ba_0.6K_0.4Fe₂As₂, and we show that the same four-band model provides a simple explanation of the different gap values on different Fermi sheets and of the thermodynamics properties (specific heat, superfluid density, ??).     

Designer Shape Anisotropy on Transition‐Metal‐Dichalcogenide Nanosheets

MoS₂ and generally speaking, the wide family of transition‐metal dichalcogenides represents a solid nanotechnology platform on which to engineer a wealth of new and outperforming applications involving 2D materials. An even richer flexibility can be gained by extrinsically inducing an in‐plane shape anisotropy of the nanosheets. Here, the synthesis of anisotropic MoS₂ nanosheets is proposed as a prototypical example in this respect starting from a highly conformal chemical vapor deposition on prepatterend substrates and aiming at the more general purpose of tailoring anisotropy of 2D nanosheets by design. This is envisioned to be a suitable configuration for strain engineering as far as strain can be spatially redistributed in morphologically different regions. With a similar approach, both the optical and electronic properties of the 2D transition‐metal dichalcogenides can be tailored over macroscopic sample areas in a self‐organized fashion, thus paving the way for new applications in the field of optical metasurfaces, light harvesting, and catalysis.     

Superconductivity beyond Migdal’s theorem and the role of density of states singularities

The breakdown of MigdaPs theorem requires the modification of the electron -phonon theory of superconductivity in order to include the nonadiabatic contributions. The novel features arising from this scenario are relevant for both the fullerene compounds and the oxides. In particular, the interplay between the nonadiabatic contributions and the van Hove singularities in the cuprates provides a simple explanation for the highest values ofT _c found in these materials. We also discuss the possible role of other type of peaks in the density of states like those that could be induced by stripes.     

A2thOS: availability analysis and optimisation in SLAs

Information technology (IT) service availability is at the core of customer satisfaction and business success for today's organisations. Many medium‐ to large‐size organisations outsource part of their IT services to external providers, with service‐level agreements describing the agreed availability of outsourced service components. Availability management of partially outsourced IT services is a non‐trivial task since classic approaches for calculating availability are not applicable, and IT managers can only rely on their expertise to fulfil it. This often leads to the adoption of non‐optimal solutions. In this paper we present A ²thOS , a framework to calculate the availability of partially outsourced IT services in the presence of SLAs and to achieve a cost‐optimal choice of availability levels for outsourced IT components while guaranteeing a target availability level for the service. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.