Express Virtual Channels with Capacitively Driven Global Links

Networks on chip must deliver high bandwidth at low latencies while keeping within a tight power envelope. Using express virtual channels for flow control improves energy-delay throughput by letting packets bypass intermediate routers, but EVCs have key limitations. Nochi (NoC with hybrid interconnect) overcomes these limitations by transporting data payloads and control information on separate planes, optimized for bandwidth and latency respectively.     

Molecular Alignment Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses and Its Impact on Molecular Motion

Spectroscopy aims at extracting information about matter through its interaction with light. However, when performed on gas and liquid phases as well as solid phases lacking long-range order, the extracted spectroscopic features are in fact averaged over the molecular isotropic angular distributions. The reason is that light–matter processes depend on the angle between the transitional molecular dipole and the polarization of the light interacting with it. This understanding gave birth to the constantly expanding field of “laser-induced molecular alignment”. In this paper, we attempt to guide the readers through our involvement (both experimental and theoretical) in this field in the last few years. We start with the basic phenomenon of molecular alignment induced by a single pulse, continue with selective alignment of close molecular species and unidirectional molecular rotation induced by two time-delayed pulses, and lead up to novel schemes for manipulating the spatial distributions of molecular samples through rotationally controlled scattering off inhomogeneous fields and surfaces.     

Automatic negotiation: playing the domain instead of the opponent

An automated negotiator is an intelligent agent whose task is to reach the best possible agreement. We explore a novel approach to developing a negotiation strategy, a ‘domain-based approach’. Specifically, we use two domain parameters, reservation value and discount factor, to cluster the domain into different regions, in each of which we employ a heuristic strategy based on the notions of temporal flexibility and bargaining strength. Following the presentation of our cognitive and formal models, we show in an extensive experimental study that an agent based on that approach wins against the top agents of the automated negotiation competition of 2012 and 2013, and attained the second place in 2014.     

Superluminal tunnelling times as weak values

Abstract

We consider the tunnelling particle as a pre- and post-selected system and prove that the tunnelling time is the expectation value of the position of a ‘clock’ degree of freedom weakly coupled to it. Such a value, called a ‘weak value’, typically falls outside the eigenvalue spectrum of the operator. The appearance of unusual weak values has been associated with a unique interference structure called ‘superoscillations’ (band-limited functions which on a finite interval, approximate functions with spectra well outside their band). It is proposed that superoscillations play an important role in the interferences which give rise to superluminal effects. To demonstrate that, we consider a certain simple tunnelling barrier which allows a wave packet to travel in zero time and negligible distortion, a distance arbitrarily longer than the width of the wave packet. The peak is shown to result from a superoscillatory superposition at the tail. Similar reasoning applies to the dwell time. For this system, both the Wigner time (related to the group velocity) and a clock time correspond to superluminal velocities.     

当极简嵌入历史

雅法,是世界上最古老的城市之一,有4000多年的历史,面临地中海。项目中的这座古宅就坐落在这座曾经辉煌的城市中,它庄严辉煌的开口也同样正面对着地中海,可以俯瞰整个海面。虽然我们现在已经很难确定建筑确切年纪,不过很清楚的是,它已有上百年的历史了。     

Air Pollution Emission Inventory Survey for Israel

High ozone levels are regularly measured during summer months over the inland and mountainous regions of Israel. Studies analyzing the back trajectories of air masses responsible for the high ozone levels showed that the precursors originated from the densely populated Israeli coastline. In order to better understand the contribution of those emission sources to ozone production, it is essential to have an accurate emission inventory that can be inputted into a photochemical model. The present paper describes the methods used in preparing an emission inventory for Israel based on information available and published until 1998. The source and accuracy of the data available are described. The calculations performed and the assumptions taken in order to obtain data not directly available are clarified. The sources reported in the inventory were the major polluters (power plants, oil refineries, and cement industries); industry; transportation; and biogenic sources. The pollutants studied were SO₂, NO_x, CO, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, ethylene, isoprene, toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, and aldehydes. The inventory showed that transportation is responsible for almost the entire CO and 30% of the volatile organic compounds emitted, although transportation itself accounts for only a fifth of total fuel consumption. About 75% of the NO_x emitted can be attributed to industrial sources and the remaining 25% to transportation. Model simulations using the emission inventory were performed and compared to data available from a monitoring station situated 30 km east of Tel Aviv. The results showed good agreement, validating the accuracy of the emission inventory. The present emission inventory provides an important database as input to photochemical models used in forecasting ozone levels over Israel.     

Balance retraining in a hemiparetic patient using center of gravity biofeedback: a single-case study

A single-subject experimental design was used to evaluate the effects of center of gravity biofeedback on retraining balance control in a 72-yr.-old male hemiparetic patient. For both assessment and training the subject stood on dual force-plates enclosed on three sides by a visual surround. A 4-wk. training period consisted of subject-initiated shifts in body weight to control movement of a real-time computer display of the subject's center of gravity. A Sensory Organization Test and evaluation of weight distribution indicated that biofeedback retraining positively affected balance control during dynamic conditions and when the ground support moved forward.