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1.
To unlock the full potential of evolution in digital media, a Tierra-like system using network-type assembly-like language
has been constructed. In the system, like Avida, digital creatures, self-replicating programs, live in a discrete 2D torus
space and an interaction between creatures is restricted locally. Bearing a genetic network in mind, network structure is
introduced. In the previous works, it is shown that the possibility that the network-type model has more potential of evolution
than a linear-type model like Avida in a simple environment. In this paper, to study the potential of evolution more precisely,
we model the effects of environment other than creatures. As one of the simplest models of such environment, the cost of execution,
i.e. executing time, is introduced. The difficult environment to live in costs high to execute instructions, the easy environment
does low. In computer experiments, we have investigated the influence of change in environment by analyzing the process of
evolution and diversity of the system. Experimental results show that the network-type system keeps more stable diversity
than the linear-type system does, even when the environment changes drastically. This indicates the possibility that the network-type
system has more potential of evolution than the linear-type system has.
This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January
31–February 2, 2008 相似文献
2.
Fumiaki Shiraishi 《程序员》2006,(9):34-39
对于如何提供补丁下载,单机PC游戏开发人员已经是轻车熟路了,这些补丁包里通常包含玩家需要手动更新的数据和二进制文件.但基本上.他们很少会为了补丁下载而创建一个“更新系统”。 相似文献
3.
Fumiaki Kobayashi Toru Ogawa Mitsuo Akabori Yoshio Kato 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1995,78(8):2279-2281
Uranium-plutonium nitride is a candidate fuel for fast reactors, but its major drawback is 14 C formation from natural nitrogen. One would probably have to use highly 15 N-enriched nitrogen. A pyrochemical process with molten-salt electroreflning has been proposed as a means to increase the nuclear proliferation resistance of the fuel cycle. Molten-salt electroreflning could also be applied to nitride fuels to make possible the recycling of 15 N. The anodic dissolution behavior of UN in LiCI-KCI melt was studied to provide the basis for a feasibility study of electroreflning of irradiated nitride fuels. 相似文献
4.
Fumiaki Okushi Allen Van Gelder 《Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence》2004,40(3-4):373-401
Model elimination is a back-chaining strategy to search for and construct resolution refutations. Recent extensions to model elimination, implemented in Modoc, have made it a practical tool for satisfiability checking, particularly for problems with known goals. Many formulas can be refuted more succinctly by recording certain derived clauses, called lemmas. Lemmas can be used where a clause of the original formula would normally be required. However, recording too many lemmas overwhelms the proof search. Lemma management has a significant effect on the performance of Modoc. Earlier research studied pure persistent (global) strategies, and pure unit-lemma (local) strategies. This paper describes and evaluates a hybrid strategy to control the lifetime of lemmas, as well as a new technique for deriving certain lemmas efficiently, using a lazy strategy. Unit lemmas are recorded locally as in previous practice, but certain lemmas that are considered valuable are asserted globally. A range of functions for estimating value is studied experimentally. Criteria are reported that appear to be suitable for a wide range of application-derived formulas. 相似文献
5.
Fumiaki Mitsugi Yoshihiro Umeda Norihiro Sakai Tomoaki Ikegami 《Thin solid films》2010,518(22):6334-1307
Recently, transparent conducting oxide thin films have attracted attention for the application to transparent conducting electrodes. In this work, we evaluated the uniformity of electrical, optical and structural properties for gallium doped zinc oxide thin films prepared on the 10 × 10 cm2 silica glass substrate by pulsed laser deposition. The resistivity, carrier concentration, mobility, bonding state and atomic composition of the film were uniform along in-plane and depth direction over the 10 × 10 cm2 area of the substrate. The film showed the average transmittance of 81-87%, resistivity of 1.4 × 10− 3 Ω cm, carrier concentration of 9.7 × 1020/cm3 and mobility of 5 cm2/Vs in spite of the amorphous X-ray diffraction pattern. The gradual thickness distribution was found, however, the potential for large-area and low temperature deposition of transparent conducting oxide thin film using pulsed laser deposition method was confirmed. 相似文献
6.
Watanabe Masahito Sato Fumiya Abe Raiki Ueda Kyosuke Matsuwaka Daisuke Kudo Fumiaki Narushima Takayuki 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B》2019,50(4):1553-1558
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - A two-step plasma arc melting process, comprising a first step under Ar-30 pct H2 gas flow and the second step under Ar gas flow, has been... 相似文献
7.
Noriaki Kurita Norihiko Fukatsu Teruo Ohashi Satoshi Miyamoto Fumiaki Sato Hiroyuki Nakai Kazuhiko Irie 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B》1996,27(6):929-935
We have developed a hydrogen sensor for in situ measurements of hydrogen activities in molten copper. The sensor consists of a concentration cell utilizing a proton conductor,
CaZr0.9In0.1O3-δ, as the solid electrolyte. The electromotive force (emf) of the cell was generated by both hydrogen and oxygen activity gradients
across the cell in a high-temperature region simulating the fire refining processes of copper. However, accurate hydrogen
activity in molten copper could be evaluated from the emf if oxygen activity in molten copper was determined simultaneously
by another concentration cell and if the hydrogen and the oxygen activities at the reference electrode were known. The performance
of the sensor was studied under various conditions. The observed good response and reliability of the sensor show that it
should be a powerful tool for improvement of the fire refining process of the molten copper. Theoretical treatment of the
calculation of the emf of the concentration cells using a mixed ionic conductor, i.e., protonic and oxide ionic conductor, as solid electrolytes is also discussed briefly. 相似文献
8.
Sugio T Inoue T Kitano Y Takeuchi F Kamimura K 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2004,98(2):85-91
A mesophilic, mixotrophic iron-oxidizing bacterium strain OKM-9 uses ferrous iron as a sole source of energy and L-glutamate as a sole source of cellular carbon. Uptake of L-glutamate into OKM-9 cells is absolutely dependent on ferrous iron oxidation. Thus, the Fe(2+)-dependent L-glutamate uptake system of strain OKM-9 is crucial for the bacterium to grow mixotrophically in iron medium with L-glutamate. The relationship between iron oxidation and L-glutamate transport activities was studied. Iron oxidase containing cytochrome a was purified 9-fold from the plasma membrane of OKM-9. A purified iron oxidase showed one rust-colored band following disc gel electrophoresis after incubation with Fe(2+). The Fe(2+)-dependent L-glutamate transport system was also purified 14.5-fold from the plasma membrane using the same purification steps as for iron oxidase. Fe(2+)-dependent L-glutamate and L-cysteine uptake activities of OKM-9 were 0.36 and 0.24 nmol/mg/min, respectively, when a concentration of 18 mM of these amino acids was used as a substrate. Both uptake activities were completely inhibited by potassium cyanide (KCN), suggesting that cytochrome a in the iron oxidase is involved in the transport process. The iron-oxidizing activity of strain OKM-9 was activated 1.7-fold by 80 mM L-glutamate. In contrast, the activity was noncompetitively inhibited by L-cysteine. The Michaelis constant of iron oxidase for Fe(2+) was 12.6 mM and the inhibition constant for L-cysteine was 41.6 mM. A marked inhibition of iron oxidase by 50 mM L-cysteine was completely reversed by the addition of 60 mM L-glutamate. The results suggest the possibility that iron oxidase has a binding site for L-cysteine and the cysteine first bound to the iron oxidase was replaced by the added L-glutamate. 相似文献
9.
Yamaguchi A Uejo F Yoda T Uchida T Tanamura Y Yamashita T Teramae N 《Nature materials》2004,3(5):337-341
A mesoporous membrane composed of nanochannels with a uniform diameter has a potential use for precise size-exclusive separation of molecules. Here, we report a novel method to form a hybrid membrane composed of silica-surfactant nanocomposite and a porous alumina membrane, by which size-selective transport of molecules across the membrane becomes possible. The nanocomposite formed inside each columnar alumina pore was an assembly of surfactant-templated silica-nanochannels with a channel diameter of 3.4 nm; the channel direction being predominantly oriented along the wall of the columnar alumina pore. Molecules could be transported across the membrane including the silica-surfactant nanocomposite with a capability of nanometre-order size-exclusive separation. Our proposed membrane system has a potential use not only for separation science, but also catalysis and chip technologies. 相似文献
10.
The polarization characteristics of a terahertz (THz) wave transmitted through two-dimensional (2-D) metallic photonic crystals (MPCs) are investigated. The 2-D MPCs studied in this paper are metal slabs perforated periodically with circular holes. We measured the polarization characteristics of the THz wave using a THz time-domain spectroscopic system with wire grid polarizers in the time and frequency domains. The linearly polarized incident THz wave changes its polarization direction and becomes elliptic after it transmits through the sample. This phenomenon is highly sensitive to the incident angle. It is shown that the frequency range at which the polarization rotation occurs is related to the lattice constant of a photonic crystal, indicating the importance of photonic band modes of the 2-D MPC in the mechanism of the phenomenon. 相似文献