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Kitaoka Haru Amano Ken-ichi Nishi Naoya Sakka Tetsuo 《Optimization and Engineering》2022,23(2):1033-1055
Optimization and Engineering - The Nelder-Mead (NM) method is a popular derivative-free optimization algorithm owing to its fast convergence and robustness. However, it is known that the method... 相似文献
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L Necidová Š. Bursová D. Haruštiaková K. Bogdanovičová I. Lačanin 《Journal of dairy science》2019,102(5):3924-3932
Intoxication by staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) is among the most common causes of food-poisoning outbreaks resulting from the consumption of raw milk or products made thereof. The aim of our study was to analyze the thermal stability of SE and evaluate the inactivation of SE types A, B, and C (SEA, SEB, SEC) by autoclaving at 100°C, 110°C, and 121°C. Milk samples were inoculated with 38 Staphylococcus aureus strains that possessed the ability to produce SEA, SEB, or SEC and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. This incubation was followed by heat treatment at 100°C, 110°C, or 121°C for 3 min. Samples were analyzed by Staph. aureus plate count method on Baird-Parker agar and specifically for the presence of SE. An enzyme-linked immunofluorescent assay (ELFA) on a MiniVIDAS analyzer (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Étoile, France) was used to detect SE, which were determined semi-quantitatively based on test values. The obtained results were analyzed by means of nonparametric statistical methods. All samples (100%; 38/38) were SE-positive before heat treatment, and the positivity rates decreased after heat treatment at 100°C, 110°C, and 121°C to 36.8% (14/38), 34.2% (13/38), and 31.6% (12/38), respectively. The rates of positive samples differed between SEA, SEB, and SEC producers: SEA was detected in the highest amounts both before and after heat treatment. The amount of SE (expressed as test values) decreased significantly after heat treatment. Comparing amounts of SE in positive and negative samples before and after heat treatment, we can conclude that the success of SE inactivation depends on the amount present before heat treatment. The highest amount of SE and the highest rate of SE-positive samples after all heat treatments were found in samples with strains producing SEA. For SEB and SEC, lower amounts of enterotoxin were present and were inactivated at 100°C. Although temperatures of 100°C, 110°C, and 121°C may inactivate SE in milk, the key measures in prevention of staphylococcal enterotoxicosis are avoiding initial contamination of milk by Staph. aureus, promoting consumption of heat-treated milk, and preventing disruption of the cold chain during milk production and processing. 相似文献
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Haru Yamamoto Yusuke Ichikawa Shin-ichi Hirano Bunpei Sato Yoshiyasu Takefuji Fumitake Satoh 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(13)
Mibyou, or pre-symptomatic diseases, refers to state of health in which a disease is slowly developing within the body yet the symptoms are not apparent. Common examples of mibyou in modern medicine include inflammatory diseases that are caused by chronic inflammation. It is known that chronic inflammation is triggered by the uncontrolled release of proinflammatory cytokines by neutrophils and macrophages in the innate immune system. In a recent study, it was shown that molecular hydrogen (H2) has the ability to treat chronic inflammation by eliminating hydroxyl radicals (·OH), a mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). In doing so, H2 suppresses oxidative stress, which is implicated in several mechanisms at the root of chronic inflammation, including the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes. This review explains these mechanisms by which H2 can suppress chronic inflammation and studies its applications as a protective agent against different inflammatory diseases in their pre-symptomatic state. While mibyou cannot be detected nor treated by modern medicine, H2 is able to suppress the pathogenesis of pre-symptomatic diseases, and thus exhibits prospects as a novel protective agent. 相似文献
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Shin-ichi Hirano Yusuke Ichikawa Bunpei Sato Haru Yamamoto Yoshiyasu Takefuji Fumitake Satoh 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(5)
Mitochondria are the largest source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are intracellular organelles that produce large amounts of the most potent hydroxyl radical (·OH). Molecular hydrogen (H2) can selectively eliminate ·OH generated inside of the mitochondria. Inflammation is induced by the release of proinflammatory cytokines produced by macrophages and neutrophils. However, an uncontrolled or exaggerated response often occurs, resulting in severe inflammation that can lead to acute or chronic inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have reported that ROS activate NLRP3 inflammasomes, and that this stimulation triggers the production of proinflammatory cytokines. It has been shown in literature that H2 can be based on the mechanisms that inhibit mitochondrial ROS. However, the ability for H2 to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation via mitochondrial oxidation is poorly understood. In this review, we hypothesize a possible mechanism by which H2 inhibits mitochondrial oxidation. Medical applications of H2 may solve the problem of many chronic inflammation-based diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). 相似文献
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The total amount of glycolipids isolated fromGinkgo biloba nut was 3.12% of crude lipids, and the largest fraction of the glycolipids was digalactosyldiglyceride 64.1%, followed by
mono-galactosyldiglyceride 31.2% and cerebroside 4.7%. Chief fatty acids present in the former two were oleic and linoleic
acids, while the main compo-nent amounting to 85% of total fatty acids in the last fraction was α-hydroxypalmitic acid. The
sugar component in cerebroside was glucose, and its long chain base was found to be similar in structure with octadecasphingadiene
that had been isolated from oyster glycolipids. The major compound in the cerebroside fraction, therefore, is considered to
be N-α-hydroxypalmitoyl-glucosyloctadecasphingadiene. 相似文献
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Shin-ichi Hirano Haru Yamamoto Yusuke Ichikawa Bunpei Sato Yoshiyasu Takefuji Fumitake Satoh 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(16)
While many antitumor drugs have yielded unsatisfactory therapeutic results, drugs are one of the most prevalent therapeutic measures for the treatment of cancer. The development of cancer largely results from mutations in nuclear DNA, as well as from those in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Molecular hydrogen (H2), an inert molecule, can scavenge hydroxyl radicals (·OH), which are known to be the strongest oxidizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body that causes these DNA mutations. It has been reported that H2 has no side effects, unlike conventional antitumor drugs, and that it is effective against many diseases caused by oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Recently, there has been an increasing number of papers on the efficacy of H2 against cancer and its effects in mitigating the side effects of cancer treatment. In this review, we demonstrate the efficacy and safety of H2 as a novel antitumor agent and show that its mechanisms may not only involve the direct scavenging of ·OH, but also other indirect biological defense mechanisms via the regulation of gene expression. 相似文献
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Shin-ichi Hirano Yusuke Ichikawa Bunpei Sato Haru Yamamoto Yoshiyasu Takefuji Fumitake Satoh 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
Although ionizing radiation (radiation) is commonly used for medical diagnosis and cancer treatment, radiation-induced damages cannot be avoided. Such damages can be classified into direct and indirect damages, caused by the direct absorption of radiation energy into DNA and by free radicals, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), generated in the process of water radiolysis. More specifically, radiation damage concerns not only direct damages to DNA, but also secondary damages to non-DNA targets, because low-dose radiation damage is mainly caused by these indirect effects. Molecular hydrogen (H2) has the potential to be a radioprotective agent because it can selectively scavenge •OH, a reactive oxygen species with strong oxidizing power. Animal experiments and clinical trials have reported that H2 exhibits a highly safe radioprotective effect. This paper reviews previously reported radioprotective effects of H2 and discusses the mechanisms of H2, not only as an antioxidant, but also in intracellular responses including anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and the regulation of gene expression. In doing so, we demonstrate the prospects of H2 as a novel and clinically applicable radioprotective agent. 相似文献
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Potassium salts were added to the catalyst prepared by ion exchange of KL with [Pt(NH3)4]Cl2 and the effect of their counter anion on the activity and selectivity for hexane aromatization was studied. The catalyst to which KF was added showed the highest activity and selectivity for benzene formation; methylcyclopentane and hydroisomerization products were negligible. Although the catalyst with KCl added also exhibited excellent performance, the catalysts with KBr or KI added gave rise to low hexane conversion and benzene yield. Infra-red spectra of adsorbed CO revealed that the presence of the low frequency C-O stretching band is closely related to catalytic performance of the Pt/KL series catalysts. The electron-rich Pt site formed through the interaction with KF or KCl may be responsible for the high activity and selectivity for hexane aromatization. 相似文献
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