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BA Elliott 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,20(2):277-288
Primary care physicians can easily incorporate efforts toward the primary and secondary prevention of family violence into their practices. By designing a preventive effort using the phases of the family life cycle, a developmentally appropriate system of prevention is created. The anticipatory guidance at each (annual) visit acknowledges family transitions and assures the family that abuse is a health issue and that the physician is a resource for issues of violence prevention. Using the FLC, the first phase is Coupling, when there is a risk of partner violence that continues as long as there is a partnership. Pregnancy and childbirth bring concerns of child neglect and battery. Older children are at additional risk for child sexual abuse. As families age, risks develop for elder abuse, too. The regular discussion of these issues raises the awareness that the potential for family violence continues over the life span and allows the physician opportunities to assess the risk of violence in that family and make appropriate preventive referrals. Primary care physicians are optimally positioned to address violence and its prevention in the office: they know and care for family units over time. Physicians are respected and trusted advisors who can become effective in preventing violence. 相似文献
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MJ de Gortari BA Freking SM Kappes KA Leymaster AM Crawford RT Stone CW Beattie 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,28(4):274-290
We report the evaluation of 1036 bovine microsatellite primer pairs for their suitability as linkage markers in sheep. Approximately 58% (605/1036) of bovine primer pairs amplified a locus in sheep. Sixty-seven per cent (409/605) of amplified loci were detected as polymorphic. Marker heterozygosity, allele number and range of allele sizes were significantly lower in sheep than cattle sampled in this study. However, median fragment size was similar. These data suggest that high-resolution comparative linkage maps between closely related species can be constructed relatively efficiently. 相似文献
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The Chiari type II malformation is the leading cause of death in infants with myelomeningocele. The authors report 17 cases of symptomatic Chiari type II malformation occurring in two distinct age dependent population. In Group I, 13 neonates and infants in the first year of life presented with cranial nerve and brain stem dysfunction characterized by vocal cord paralysis, apnea, dysphagia and laryngeal stridor. In Group II, 4 patients developed signs and symptoms after the first year of life. In this group, the presentation was more insidious and included neck pain and cerebellar manifestations. The surgical treatment consisted initially in shunt implantation or revision and when there was no improvement, posterior fossa decompression was performed. The response to the surgical treatment differed considerably between the two groups: older patients improved promptly after surgery and there was no casualties; in newborn and infants, especially those under 6 months of age, the mortality rate was 46.1%. The authors stress that prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention should be performed in order to produce a favorable outcome. 相似文献
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SW D'Souza E Rivlin J Cadman B Richards P Buck BA Lieberman 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,76(2):F70-F74
AIMS: To compare the outcome in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) children (after fresh embryo transfer) from multiple and singleton births with one another, and with normally conceived control children. METHODS: A cohort of 278 children (150 singletons, 100 twins, 24 triplets and four quadruplets), conceived by IVF after three fresh embryos had been transferred, born between October 1984 and December 1991, and 278 normally conceived control children (all singletons), were followed up for four years after birth. They were assessed for neonatal conditions, minor congenital anomalies, major congenital malformations, cerebral palsy and other disabilities. Control children, all born at term, were matched for age, sex and social class. RESULTS: The ratio of male:female births was 1.03. Forty six per cent of IVF children were from multiple births; 34.9% were from preterm deliveries; and 43.2% weighed less than 2500 g at birth. The IVF singletons were on average born one week earlier than the controls, weighed 400 g less, and had a threefold greater chance of being born by caesarean section. The higher percentage of preterm deliveries was largely due to multiple births and they contributed to neonatal conditions in 45.0% of all IVF children. The types of congenital abnormalities varied: 3.6% of IVF children and 2.5% of controls had minor congenital anomalies, and 2.5% of IVF children and none of the controls had major congenital malformations. The numbers of each specific type of congenital abnormality were small and were not significantly related to multiple births. IVF children (2.1%) and 0.4% of the controls had mild/moderate disabilities. They were all from multiple births, including two children with cerebral palsy who were triplets. CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of IVF treatment leading to multiple births is less satisfactory than that in singletons because of neonatal conditions associated with preterm delivery and disabilities in later childhood. A reduction of multiple pregnancies by limiting the transfer of embryos to two instead of three remains a high priority. 相似文献
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Replies to comments by H. W. Marsh and L. A. Roche (see record 1997-43129-003) on the author's article (Educational Policy Analysis Archives, 1997) on student evaluation and academic freedom. The author expresses his dismay that Marsh and Roche misrepresented (not misinterpreted) the article without documenting their misrepresentation. A documented response to this undocumented misrepresentation is provided. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献