The updated guideline 'Gastric complaints' of the Dutch College of General Practitioners; a reaction from a general practitioner]

Three working diagnoses in gastric complaints are presented: aspecific gastric complaints, ulcer complaints, reflux complaints; these assist the general practitioner in formulating the initial diagnostic and pharmacological interventions and in evaluating the effects of therapy. The guidelines state that eradication treatment of Helicobacter pylori is indicated only in gastritis caused by H. pylori, grade IV bulbitis, a duodenal bulb malformation or peptic ulcers.     

A conserved LIM protein that affects muscular adherens junction integrity and mechanosensory function in Caenorhabditis elegans

The glycosylation of the equine interhaemal barrier and areola was studied throughout the period of gestation. Placentae of 35, 37, 50, 119, 152, 200, 280 and 300 days gestation were investigated, using semithin plastic embedded sections and a panel of 15 biotinylated lectins with an avidin-peroxidase revealing system. Glycosylation of the trophoblast and maternal epithelium showed the most change during the first 50 days of gestation, being associated with the initial stages of adhesion and attachment. In the trophoblast, non-bisected tri/tetraantennary complex N-glycan was only evident after day 37 and terminal N-acetyl galactosamine, alpha2,3- and alpha2,6-linked sialic acids disappeared at the same time. The areolar trophoblast exhibited some differences from microcotyledonary areas, especially with respect to 2-deoxy, 2-acetamido alpha-galactose and tri/tetraantennary, non-bisected complex N-glycan, suggesting that the differences in function between microcotyledonary and areolar trophoblast are reflected at both the morphological and the biochemical level. Granules of the maternal uterine epithelium bound many lectins, particularly those with specificity for bisected and non-bisected bi/triantennary N-linked glycan, 2-deoxy, 2-acetamido alpha-galactosyl, beta-galactosyl and some fucosylated termini. Binding to sialic acids in alpha2,3- and alpha2,6-linkage was sparse. Maternal and fetal capillaries showed little change in glycan expression over the period studied, being rich in bisected and non-bisected bi/triantennary N-linked glycan and sialic acids, with some terminal N-acetyl galactosamine and no detectable terminal fucosyl residues.     

Adsorption of carbonyles on zeolites - evaluation of infrared spectra using principal component analysis

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a useful tool to find the number and the individual spectra of the different species in a set of IR spectra of an adsorption system. On the narrow-pore zeolites PCA detects the presence of physisorbed carbonyl in addition to gaseous carbonyl and decomposition products. it shows two different species of chemisorbed Ni (CO)₄ on Y zeolites.     

Open access uptake in Germany 2010–2018: adoption in a diverse research landscape

This study investigates the development of open access (OA) to journal articles from authors affiliated with German universities and non-university research institutions in the period 2010–2018. Beyond determining the overall share of openly available articles, a systematic classification of distinct categories of OA publishing allowed us to identify different patterns of adoption of OA. Taking into account the particularities of the German research landscape, variations in terms of productivity, OA uptake and approaches to OA are examined at the meso-level and possible explanations are discussed. The development of the OA uptake is analysed for the different research sectors in Germany (universities, non-university research institutes of the Helmholtz Association, Fraunhofer Society, Max Planck Society, Leibniz Association, and government research agencies). Combining several data sources (incl. Web of Science, Unpaywall, an authority file of standardised German affiliation information, the ISSN-Gold-OA 3.0 list, and OpenDOAR), the study confirms the growth of the OA share mirroring the international trend reported in related studies. We found that 45% of all considered articles during the observed period were openly available at the time of analysis. Our findings show that subject-specific repositories are the most prevalent type of OA. However, the percentages for publication in fully OA journals and OA via institutional repositories show similarly steep increases. Enabling data-driven decision-making regarding the implementation of OA in Germany at the institutional level, the results of this study furthermore can serve as a baseline to assess the impact recent transformative agreements with major publishers will likely have on scholarly communication.

     

SPALLING AND LOSS IN COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF FIRE BRICK1

A preliminary report of the loss of compressive strength when fireclay brick from the Pacific Northwest were subjected to a series of heat treatments to 1350° and 1250°C. It illustrates some of the variations of heat treatment in the manufacturer's kilns and the differences between the high siliceous type of fire brick and the vitrifying clay type with lower free silica content. It is possible that a satisfactory spalling test may be developed in this direction.     

Raman investigation of lattice defects in the CoSi2 synthesis using focused ion beam implantation

CoSi₂ layers were produced by 70 keV Co focused ion implantation into Si(111). Within a comparative study the CoSi₂ layer quality and implantation damage were investigated as a function of pixel dwell-time and substrate temperature. Irradiation damage measurements were done by micro-Raman analysis. The results suggest that the dwell-time dependence of the CoSi₂ layer formation — continuous layers for short and disrupted ones for long dwell-times — is caused by an accordant transition from crystalline to amorphous silicon.     

Synthese von 2-aminosubstituierten 4,5-Dihydro-1,3-thiazolen

Synthesis of 2-Amino-Substituted 4,5-Dihydro-1,3-thiazoles . The reaction of 2-substituted 4-methallylthiosemicarbazides 1 with carbonyl compounds catalyzed by weak acids gives thiosemicarbazones 2 and 1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thiones 3 . By contrast under strong acidic conditions the reaction occurs by electrophilic cyclisation with participation of the methallyl and thiono groups, and 4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazoles 5 are formed after neutralisation. The electrophilic cyclisation of N-methallyl substituted thioureas 6 and 1,4-disubstituted thiosemicarbazides 7 is also described.     

免疫微球检测技术----用于BCR-ABL融合蛋白的流式细胞测定

本文介绍了BD TM BCR-ABL蛋白分析工具包。它是一种检测白血病细胞溶解液中p190和p210等BCR-ABL蛋白可靠、快速、简单、方便的技术。这种分析方法不依赖于BCR和ABL基因的断裂位置,除了一台流式细胞仪之外,该方法不需要其他专门的实验室仪器,并且可在几小时内得到结果。因而,这种蛋白分析工具包,较传统方法而言,能实现对BCR-ABL阳性样品快速而简单的鉴定。     

Effective Molarity Redux: Proximity as a Guiding Force in Chemistry and Biology

The cell interior is a complex and demanding environment. An incredible variety of molecules jockey to identify the correct position – the specific interactions that promote biology, which are often hidden among countless unproductive options. Ensuring that the business of the cell is successful requires sophisticated mechanisms to impose temporal and spatial specificity – both on transient interactions and their eventual outcomes. Two strategies employed to regulate macromolecular interactions in a cellular context are colocalization and compartmentalization. Macromolecular interactions can be promoted and specified by localizing the partners within the same subcellular compartment, or by holding them in proximity through covalent or non-covalent interactions with proteins, lipids, or DNA – themes that are familiar to any biologist. The net result of these strategies is an increase in effective molarity: the local concentration of a reactive molecule near its reaction partners. We will focus on this general mechanism, employed by nature and adapted in the lab, which allows delicate control in complex environments: the power of proximity to accelerate, guide, or otherwise influence the reactivity of signaling proteins and the information that they encode.