Aggregation Operators of Interval‐Valued 2‐Tuple Linguistic Information

The group decision‐making problem with linguistic information evaluation values of decision makers are used based on 2‐tuple interval‐valued. Operational laws on interval value 2‐tuple are introduced. On the basis of these laws, new aggregation operators are introduced by using the Choquet integral. A multiple attribute decision‐making method based on these aggregation operators is proposed. An example is given to illustrate the efficiency, practicality, and feasibility of our method.     

Iodine treatment of nylon: Effect on metal plating of the polymer

The iodine treatment of nylon surfaces consist essentially of dipping the nylon in an iodine—potassium iodide solution and quickly rinsing the absorbed iodine out of nylon surfaces using glycol—water—thiosulfate as a wash solution. The treatment was found to profoundly affect the adhesion between the nylon and an electrolessly deposited metal on its surface. The adhesion changes from no adhesion for an untreated nylon surface to a maximum of 28 lb/in. for a treated sample. The adhesion is dependent mainly on the nature of the nylon surface (crystallinity, molecular weight, etc.), the duration of the iodine treatment, and the nature and conditions of the wash solution. Electron microscope pictures of the nylon surface after the iodine treatment show a shallow etching pattern, and therefore mechanical keying between the metal and the polymer is not a probable factor of importance. Under certain experimental conditions, the iodine treatment changes the crystallinity from the α-form predominant in the nylon before treating the sample to the γ-form. It also decreases the overall crystallinity of the surface, softens the polymer, and improves its water wettability. All the above changes enhance a more intimate interaction between the deposited metal and the polymer.     

Chitosan/CNTs nanocomposite as green carrier material for pesticides controlled release

Chitosan-based nanocomposites containing gamma-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were developed for controlled release of pesticide. The CNTs were irradiated under gamma irradiation in air at different doses. The transmission electron microscopic images of gamma-treated CNTs showed disentanglement of the tubes without distorting their tubular structure which effectively increased the dispersion properties of CNTs in nanocomposites. X-ray diffraction analysis of CNTs showed some structural changes, and an irradiation dose of 150 kGy is the most effective. Azinphos methyl (AZM) was selected as a model drug, and its release was studied using HPLC technique. Controlled release response of CNTs-based nanocomposites opens a new avenue for pesticides applications because it requires less quantity of pesticides. As a result, the side effects of pesticide in our environment are minimized.     

Conformational transition of Poly (vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride) (PVBTMAC) brush in the presence of Hofmeister anions

This study pertains to the conformational changes of Poly (vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride) (PVBTMAC) brush onto SiO₂-coated resonator; which was further incorporated by using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) in the presence of Hofmeister series of anions as a function of ionic strength. Gradual shrinkage of highly extended PVBTMAC followed by loose inhomogeneous layer was on account of change in frequency (?f) and dissipation (??D) at low ionic strength. On the contrary, the increase in ionic strength collapses chains and dense homogenous layer is formed. The chaotropic anions comparativley bring drastic change in frequency unlike kosmotropic anions. This is because weakly hydrated chaotropic anions form strong ion pair with weakly hydrated trimethyl ammonium group on the PVBTMAC brush and as a result strong counter ion condensation was observed on polymer chain. Thus, the apparent mass associated with PVBTMAC chains increases that accounts for large change in ?f.     

煤矿开采特高压线塔保护煤柱设计与合理留设研究

文中统计分析了11座特高压线塔所处位置煤层的埋深、松散层厚度等地质采矿条件;结合《规范》经验值、两个工作面的地表移动变形实测值,并综合考虑山体采动滑移附加影响,分析得到了地表移动角值参数;采用垂线法,理论计算了保护煤柱尺寸,并通过地质块段法对煤柱压煤量进行了估算.     

Theranostic Interpolation of Genomic Instability in Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is a diverse disease caused by mutations in multiple genes accompanying epigenetic aberrations of hazardous genes and protein pathways, which distress tumor-suppressor genes and the expression of oncogenes. Alteration in any of the several physiological mechanisms such as cell cycle checkpoints, DNA repair machinery, mitotic checkpoints, and telomere maintenance results in genomic instability. Theranostic has the potential to foretell and estimate therapy response, contributing a valuable opportunity to modify the ongoing treatments and has developed new treatment strategies in a personalized manner. “Omics” technologies play a key role while studying genomic instability in breast cancer, and broadly include various aspects of proteomics, genomics, metabolomics, and tumor grading. Certain computational techniques have been designed to facilitate the early diagnosis of cancer and predict disease-specific therapies, which can produce many effective results. Several diverse tools are used to investigate genomic instability and underlying mechanisms. The current review aimed to explore the genomic landscape, tumor heterogeneity, and possible mechanisms of genomic instability involved in initiating breast cancer. We also discuss the implications of computational biology regarding mutational and pathway analyses, identification of prognostic markers, and the development of strategies for precision medicine. We also review different technologies required for the investigation of genomic instability in breast cancer cells, including recent therapeutic and preventive advances in breast cancer.     

Electrospinning of polycaprolactone nanofibers using H2O as benign additive in polycaprolactone/glacial acetic acid solution

Considerable efforts have been devoted to the production of polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous structures by electrospinning. However, some toxic solvents have often been used to achieve bead‐free nanofibers. At present, a benign solvent such as glacial acetic acid (GAC) only leads to beaded or microscale fibers. Therefore a study is done to extend the electrospinnability of the PCL/GAC system by the addition of H₂O. The solution properties of conductivity, viscosity, and surface tension were altered by the addition of H₂O, especially increasing the conductivity and viscosity. These properties essential to electrospinning could remain stable for 6 h when the H₂O content was less than or equal to 9 vol %. Then ultrafine PCL fibers with diameters from 188 to 200 nm, 10 times smaller than when dissolved in pure GAC, were electrospun from solutions of PCL with concentrations in the range of 17 to 20 wt % with H₂O content at 9 vol %. Finally, the crystallinity and crystallite size of the resulting fibers were smaller than that of raw PCL pellets. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 45578.     

Quasi-maximum likelihood estimation of periodic GARCH and periodic ARMA-GARCH processes

Abstract.  This article establishes the strong consistency and asymptotic normality (CAN) of the quasi-maximum likelihood estimator (QMLE) for generalized autoregressive conditionally heteroscedastic (GARCH) and autoregressive moving-average (ARMA)-GARCH processes with periodically time-varying parameters. We first give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a strictly periodically stationary solution of the periodic GARCH (PGARCH) equation. As a result, it is shown that the moment of some positive order of the PGARCH solution is finite, under which we prove the strong consistency and asymptotic normality of the QMLE for a PGARCH process without any condition on its moments and for a periodic ARMA-GARCH (PARMA-PGARCH) under mild conditions.     

Convergence of multivalued mappings via approximable measurable selectors

We investigate the convergence of measurable selectors for the limit of measurable multivalued maps. The relationship between the convergence of measurable selectors and lower and upper limits of measurable multivalued mappings with closed images is also derived.     

Influence of germination techniques on sprout yield,biosynthesis of ascorbic acid and cooking ability,in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Effects of germination time and illuminations on sprout yield, biosynthesis of ascorbic acid, cooking ability and moisture accumulation in chickpeas were significant (p ? 0.01). Green light had the highest promoting effect on the ascorbic acid level (40.59 mg/100 g) as compared to other illuminations but significantly reduced the sprout yield (188.6 g) as compared to dark, fluorescence and γ-rays illuminations with significantly high sprout yield (196 g) and imbibing moisture (51%). Cooking time was reduced by 43% due to γ-rays in un-soaked seed. Cooking time increased in all treated chickpea samples after 24 h germination and thereafter decreased significantly. Red light significantly increased the cooking time (68.44 min) followed by fluorescent (64.5 min), yellow (61.8 min) and green light (60.9 min). The results indicated that germination of chickpea under green light was an effective process in enhancing ascorbic acid content while dark, fluorescence and γ-rays were effective in promoting sprout growth and to some extent biosynthesis of ascorbic acid.