用于控制变速电动机的功率模块

改善洗衣机、电冰箱以及空调等家用电器能源使用效率的需求正在增加。从传统的固定转速马达转换到变速马达可以节省能耗30％之多。但这种设计的难度较大，虽已经出现了几种方案来降低此类项目的数字设计工作难度，但是设计人员仍需要集成模块和相关的设计工具来促进功率级的设计。为了使低成本变速马达控制器成为可能，元器件供应商设法通过简化设计和降低结构复杂度来减少变速控制器的成本。例如，已经出现了几种数字信号控制平台，它们结合了DSP和集成PWM和马达控制外围设备的RISC处理器。这些平台可运行第三方或者自行开发的马达控制算法。     

热流道板的流道设计

介绍了热流道注射模流道板上流道的布置 ,简述了自然平衡和流变学平衡两种流道设计原理 ,此原理保证充模熔体有合理的剪切速率和允许的压力损失。举例说明了流变学平衡计算流道截面尺寸的方法     

Physical web interfaces

Physical web interfaces is a concept that attempts to change our relationship to conventional Internet interfaces by providing a framework for bringing virtual processes into the real world. By attaching new physical inputs to things we perceive as truly virtual, we add a socio-critical dimension to the interaction of people and machine. This infiltration helps to augment our understanding of data pathways, explore virtual handicaps, regain control of how we access information, manifest metaphors as real entities, and integrate the Internet into already familiar interfaces. Combining form with function, these projects illustrate how simple interaction can lead to complex outcomes.     

Attachment, Self-Esteem, Worldviews, and Terror Management: Evidence for a Tripartite Security System.

On the basis of prior work integrating attachment theory and terror management theory, the authors propose a model of a tripartite security system consisting of dynamically interrelated attachment, self-esteem, and worldview processes. Four studies are presented that, combined with existing evidence, support the prediction derived from the model that threats to one component of the security system result in compensatory defensive activation of other components. Further, the authors predicted and found that individual differences in attachment style moderate the defenses. In Studies 1 and 2, attachment threats motivated worldview defense among anxiously attached participants and motivated self-enhancement (especially among avoidant participants), effects similar to those caused by mortality salience. In Studies 3 and 4, a worldview threat and a self-esteem threat caused attachment-related proximity seeking among fearful participants and avoidance of proximity among dismissing participants. The authors' model provides an overarching framework within which to study attachment, self-esteem, and worldviews. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Oxygen Reduction Reaction Performance of [MTBD][beti]‐Encapsulated Nanoporous NiPt Alloy Nanoparticles

Recent advances in oxygen reduction reaction catalysis for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) include i) the use of electrochemical dealloying to produce high surface area and sometimes nanoporous catalysts with a Pt‐enriched outer surface, and ii) the observation that oxygen reduction in nanoporous materials can be potentially enhanced by confinement effects, particularly if the chemical environment within the pores can bias the reaction toward completion. Here, these advances are combined by incorporating a hydrophobic, protic ionic liquid, [MTBD][beti], into the pores of high surface‐area NiPt alloy nanoporous nanoparticles (np‐NiPt/C + [MTBD][beti]). The high O₂ solubility of the [MTBD][beti], in conjunction with the confined environment within the pores, biases reactant O₂ toward the catalytic surface, consistent with an increased residence time and enhanced attempt frequencies, resulting in improved reaction kinetics. Half‐cell measurements show the np‐NiPt/C+[MTBD][beti] encapsulated catalyst to be nearly an order of magnitude more active than commercial Pt/C, a result that is directly translated into operational PEMFCs.     

Short communication: Intestinal digestibility of amino acids in fluid- and particle-associated rumen bacteria determined using a precision-fed cecectomized rooster bioassay

Microbial protein represents the majority of metabolizable protein absorbed by ruminant animals. Enhanced understanding of the AA digestibility of rumen microbes will improve estimates of metabolizable protein. The objective of this experiment was to determine the digestibility of AA in fluid- (FAB) and particle-associated bacteria (PAB) using the precision-fed cecectomized rooster bioassay. Bacteria were isolated from 4 ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein cows by differential centrifugation, including particle suspension in 0.1% Tween-80 for increased removal of PAB from ruminal digesta. Samples of FAB and PAB were fed to 9 cecectomized roosters to determine standardized digestibility of AA. Total AA digestibility was 76.8 and 75.5% for FAB and PAB, respectively, but did not differ. Differences existed in AA digestibilities within bacterial type when compared with the mean essential AA digestibility value. Compared with previous literature estimates of AA digestibility in microbes (mean = 76%; range = 57–87%) and relative to National Research Council estimates of total AA from rumen bacteria (80%), the precision-fed cecectomized rooster assay is an acceptable in vivo model to determine AA digestibility of rumen bacteria.     

Adolescents' theories about the development of their relationships with parents.

Assessed 100 undergraduates' developmental theories about their affective relationships with their parents, using a retrospective method. Ss used drawings and questionnaire ratings to portray their relationships with parents at 5 points between infancy and the present. From infancy to their current age, Ss portrayed their relationships in 2 major ways: They perceived themselves as gaining in responsibility, dominance, independence, and similarity from infancy to the present, whereas they portrayed their parents as experiencing a decline on these dimensions. For variables indicating closeness and love, however, there was a striking discontinuity in these linear trends: Although Ss perceived linear trends from infancy to adolescence, they depicted their current relationships as involving a great deal more love and closeness. They also portrayed their relationships with mothers and fathers somewhat differently. More responsibility was felt toward the mothers and they were portrayed as especially friendly, but Ss felt more similar to their fathers, whom they perceived as dominant. Results suggest that late adolescents construct theories of the affective components of their relationships with their parents to serve the needs of separation while maintaining a close affective tie to the parents. (24 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Physical and functional interactions between the herpes simplex virus UL15 and UL28 DNA cleavage and packaging proteins

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA is cleaved from concatemers and packaged into capsids in infected cell nuclei. This process requires seven viral proteins, including UL15 and UL28. UL15 expressed alone displays a nuclear localization, while UL28 remains cytoplasmic. Coexpression with UL15 enables UL28 to enter nuclei, suggesting an interaction between the two proteins. Additionally, UL28 copurified with UL15 from HSV-infected cells after ion-exchange and DNA affinity chromatography, and the complex sedimented as a 1:1 heterodimer upon sucrose gradient centrifugation. These findings are evidence of a physical interaction of UL15 and UL28 and a functional role for UL15 in directing UL28 to the nucleus.