Hydrogen generation from water, methane, and methanol was investigated with different types of nonthermal plasma reactors under different conditions. With a ferroelectric packed-bed reactor in N/sub 2/, hydrogen gas yield decreased in the order: methanol > methane > water. A similar trend was observed with a silent discharge plasma reactor, but H/sub 2/ yields were much lower with the latter reactor. At fixed specific energy densities, higher H/sub 2/ yields were obtained at higher gas flow rates in the reactions of the above substrates. The initial water concentration was optimized at ca. 2.0% to obtain the highest rate for H/sub 2/ formation. Under the same conditions, H/sub 2/ yield decreased in the order: Ar>N/sub 2/>air/spl ap/O/sub 2/. The ferroelectric packed-bed reactor could be operated continuously for 10 h without any decrease in its performance in the H/sub 2/ generation from water. 相似文献
This article investigates factors that influenced Japanese voters in the early 1996 in determining which political party to support. Proportional-odds model, a model which retains ordinal nature of political hues or ideologies of the Japanese political parties, is fitted to the data. Samples with answers “I do not know” to the questions are treated as missing. The EM algorithm enables us to incorporate the samples with missing-values. We found that determining which party to support is a purely political decision for Japanese voters based solely on their ideologies and attitude towards the current cabinet, not to be influenced by their geographical profiles nor financial situations. Missing-value problem were found not to be ignored in the sense that marginally significant or insignificant explanatory variables can easily turn otherwise when the same model is fitted only for the data with no missing-values.
Many clinical studies have demonstrated that early postoperative enteral nutrition (EN) improved the postroperative course.
Post-pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), patients tend to suffer from postoperative nausea, abdominal distention, and diarrhoea,
causing difficulty in the introduction of EN. In this pilot study, we investigated the appropriate nutritional mode post-pancreatic
surgery. 相似文献
Migration from multi-layer laminated film pouches intended for retort foods was investigated through HPLC analysis with a fluorescence detector, and measurements of residue on evaporation, consumption of potassium permanganate and total organic carbon. HPLC analysis revealed that the levels of migrants in oil and the water which were heated in the pouches (121 degrees C, 30 min) were ten times of those in the corresponding official simulants under the official conditions; n-heptane (25 degrees C, 60 min), and water (95 degrees C, 30 min). Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and related compounds were found in the oil and the water heated in the pouches, as well as in the simulants. These compounds were thought to have been present in the adhesive between the laminated films, and migrated through the food-contact film of the package. Consumption of potassium permanganate and residue on evaporation of the heated water were ten times of those of the water simulant, while the total organic carbon level of the heated water was several-hold greater than that of the water simulant. In addition, migrant levels per surface area of the pouch were one-fourth of the concentrations per content volume of the pouch. Since compliance with the legal limits is evaluated based on the concentration per surface area, real migration into foods would be underestimated by a factor of another four. 相似文献
We evaluated a multiresidue method for determination of pesticides in agricultural products by SCAN mode GC/MS coupled with three kinds of database for 253 pesticides: relative retention time, mass spectra and calibration curve (SCAN method). Twenty-six pesticides, a total of 131 pesticides were detected in samples by the SCAN method. The detection results agreed closely with those of the SIM mode GC/MS method using calibration standards (SIM method). The ratios of the SCAN method to the SIM method ranged from 0.3 to 3.1 with SD values of 0.63. It was judged that the SCAN method could be applied to the screening analysis of pesticide residues in agricultural products, provided that the sample preparation method makes it possible to effectively remove sample matrixes with minimal loss of analytes. 相似文献
An entirely new concept of an electromagnetic structure which exploits the excellent characteristics of a rare-earth magnet is proposed. Thin rare-earth metal magnet pieces are mounted on the surface of the stator teeth which face the airgap. The rotor has a variable reluctance structure type. This type of motor is suitable for low-speed high-torque applications by the action of tooth and slot structure. The relationship between the performance and electromagnetic geometry is investigated through the finite element method (FEM) analysis and experiments. The principle of torque generation and the associated characteristics is also introduced 相似文献