Optimizing driving conditions of a MQW EA modulator for solitongeneration

A detailed analysis of the pulses generated with a multiple quantum well (MQW) electroabsorption (EA) modulator used as a soliton source is performed. The pulse temporal and spectral shape are simulated and a good agreement is obtained with the experimental results. An irregular holed spectrum shape is observed under certain operating conditions and its existence is attributed to parasitic phase modulation. This type of spectrum could be observed even for pulses having a time bandwidth τΔν product below 0.4 which makes them usually considered as nearly transform limited. However it is not the case. The influence of the pulse spectral shape on transmission performances is investigated by means of a realistic simulation of soliton pulse propagation at 10 Gb/s. It is shown that for 9000 km propagation distance and for pulses presenting this irregular spectral shape a signal degradation occurs as the timing jitter is above 10 ps and the quality factor Q is below 2, which results in an increase of the transmission bit error rate. In order to avoid the generation of this kind of pulses when operating a MQW modulator as a soliton source, a mapping is realized giving the adequate voltages to apply to the diode for acceptable soliton generation     

Light emitting devices from organic charge transfer adduct thin films

For the first time, thin film devices of charge transfer adducts of tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) have been fabricated. A luminance of 5 cd m⁻² has been achieved for a device structure ITO/poly(aniline)/TTF(NO₃)_0.55/Al whose EL spectrum has a broad peak at 645 nm. The devices were fabricated by spin coating from solutions of the adducts. A luminous efficiency of 5×10⁻⁴ lm W⁻¹ has been obtained for these devices which is comparable to that of ITO/poly(aniline)/Alq₃/Al (5.2×10⁻⁴ lm W⁻¹) under same fabrication conditions. The single layer, mixed layer and double layer devices fabricated in this study fit the space charge limited model. Devices fabricated from the adduct [TTF–Alq₃] emit white light (40 cd m⁻²) with a luminous efficiency of 6.6×10⁻⁴ lm W⁻¹. The colour of light emitted appears to depend on the effective oxidation state of TTF in the adducts.     

Alkali-metal-induced enhancement of hydrogen adsorption in C60 fullerene: an ab Initio study

It is demonstrated that the doping of alkali metal atoms on fullerene, C60, remarkably enhances the molecular hydrogen adsorption capacity of fullerenes, which is higher than that of conventionally known other fullerene complexes. This effect is observed to be more pronounced for sodium than lithium atom. The formation of stable complex forms of a sodium-doped fullerene molecule, Na8C60, and the corresponding hydrogenated species, [Na(H2)6]8C60, with 48 hydrogen molecules has been demonstrated to lead to a hydrogen adsorption density of approximately 9.5 wt %. One of the main factors favoring the interactions involved is attributed to the pronounced charge transfer from the sodium atom to the C60 molecule and electrostatic interaction between the ion and the dihydrogen. The suitability of these complexes for developing fullerene-based hydrogen storage materials is discussed.     

Numerical Simulations on Long Haul Soliton Transmission Systems with In-line Control by Intensity Modulators and Filters

The limitations on the product of bit rate and distance can be overcome by placing intensity modulators and filters along the transmission line. For these types of systems, we study through numerical simulations their performances. The results are represented by contour plots for the pairs of filter bandwidth and amplifier output power. These plots show an optimum area and three zones according to their origin of degradation which are analyzed. The influence of chromatic dispersion on the system performances is also investigated.     

Combination of in-line filtering and receiver dispersioncompensation for an optimized soliton transmission

The Gordon-Haus limit can be partially overcome with the combination of in-line filtering and receiver dispersion compensation. Theoretical analysis leads to an analytical jitter calculation and its predictions are in good agreement with the corresponding simulated values. It is shown that even if the receiver dispersion compensation technique becomes less efficient with narrow filters and is limited by pulse broadening, an optimum choice of system parameters allows an effective reduction of the Gordon-Haus jitter by a factor of 3.5 for trans-Pacific links with a penalty-free transmission