A self-healing hydrogel electrolyte towards all-in-one flexible supercapacitors

The self-healing electrolytes play an essential role in self-healing supercapacitors. Herein, poly (vinyl alcohol)/sulphuric acid (PVA/H₂SO₄) hydrogel electrolytes with self-healing properties are prepared, which has been achieved by dynamic hydrogen bonds between PVA chains. The obtained PVA hydrogel displays fast self-healing capability, reliable mechanical performance (stress at 0.29 MPa after stretching to 238%) and high ionic conductivity (57.8 mS cm^?1). Based on these excellent properties, an all-in-one self-healing supercapacitor is assembled by in situ polymerization of aniline on the surface of PVA/H₂SO₄ hydrogel electrolyte. The assembled all-in-one supercapacitor shows outstanding capacitance performance (specific capacitance 504 mF cm^?2 at current density of 0.2 mA cm^?2 and energy density 35 μWh cm^?2 at power density 100 μW cm^?2), good cycle stability (after 5000 cycles of charging and discharging, the capacitance retention rate is 77%), excellent flexibility and considerable self-healing performance (69% capacitance retention rate after the fifth self-healing cycle). This self-healing supercapacitor will promote the development of self-healing energy storage devices in wearable electronics.

     

Copolymer hydrogel as self-standing electrode for high performance all-hydrogel-state supercapacitor

Journal of Materials Science - Herein, a conducting copolymer hydrogel of poly(aniline-co-pyrrole)/polyvinyl alcohol (PACP/PVA) was prepared by in-situ polymerization of aniline and pyrrole in...     

Rotation estimation for mobile robot based on single-axis gyroscope and monocular camera

The rotation matrix estimation problem is a keypoint for mobile robot localization, navigation, and control. Based on the quaternion theory and the epipolar geometry, an extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm is proposed to estimate the rotation matrix by using a single-axis gyroscope and the image points correspondence from a monocular camera. The experimental results show that the precision of mobile robot s yaw angle estimated by the proposed EKF algorithm is much better than the results given by the image-only and gyroscope-only method, which demonstrates that our method is a preferable way to estimate the rotation for the autonomous mobile robot applications.     

曼尼希碱缓蚀剂XJ合成及其对N80钢的缓蚀性能

采用甲醛、苯乙酮、芳香肼为原料合成XJ系列曼尼希碱,通过正交实验得出最优合成条件为:反应温度70℃,甲醛/芳香肼摩尔比2.9:1、苯乙酮/芳香肼摩尔比3.2:1、pH值4、反应时间6h。通过静态失重法和电化学方法评价了曼尼希碱缓蚀剂对N80钢的缓蚀性能。静态失重法表明,N80钢试片在加有1%XJ-3的15%盐酸中的腐蚀速率为0.256g/m~2·h,远低于SY/T 5405-1996《酸化用缓蚀剂性能试验方法及评价指标》中的一级标准。电化学测试结果表明,该缓蚀剂是以抑制阳极腐蚀过程为主的混合型缓蚀剂,交流阻抗测试进一步证实了XJ系列缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果。该缓蚀剂在N80钢表面上的吸附行为服从Langmiur吸附等温式。图5表2参6     

组胺胶体金免疫快速检测试纸条研制及其在水产品检测中的应用

目的 研制基于胶体金免疫层析法的组胺快速检测试纸条,并探究其在水产品中的应用.方法 以组胺为原料,采用琥珀酸酐对其衍生化合成半抗原;活泼酯法将半抗原与白蛋白偶联得到人工抗原;用人工抗原免疫小鼠获得单克隆抗体.采用上述原料制备出本研究试纸条,依据国家《食品快速检测方法评价技术规范》进行评价.结果 所研制试纸条对水产品中组...     

高动态范围图像和色阶映射算子

图像传感器动态响应范围的局限使其在捕捉高动态范围场景时力不从心, 为了捕捉高动态范围图像(High dynamic range image, HDRI), 近年来出现了许多新型传感器和新方法, 本文将简要介绍这些研究进展; 同样由于动态响应范围的局限, 显示设备也不能胜任HDRI的显示, 必须利用色阶映射算子(Tone mapping operator, TMO)将图像的动态范围进行合理的压缩, TMO最终决定了图像显示的质量, 本文将众多的TMO归纳为全局算子和局部算子并进行了详细论述.     

苦味肽抗氧化活性延长食品保鲜

目的探究苦味肽延长食品保鲜的抗氧化活性。方法研究乳胶珠吞噬细胞的吞噬能力的变化,以此来分析苦味肽的免疫功能。通过2, 2, 1-二苯基-1-吡啶酰肼(DPPH)自由基清除、还原力以及金属螯合活性测定来评定苦味肽的抗氧化能力。在保鲜测试中、分析苦味肽对总羰基和巯基的影响来探究苦味肽对冷藏期间的样品组织是否具有抗氧化作用。最后再通过对样品使用扫描电镜(scanning electron microscopy, SEM)来进一步分析苦味肽对肌肉蛋白质在整个氧化过程中结构稳定性的影响。结果苦味肽会增加吞噬细胞吞噬乳胶珠,表明苦味肽增加非特异性免疫功能;苦味肽具有显著的DPPH自由基清除活性,降低了铁离子的氧化能力和金属螯合能力;扫描电镜结果显示,在苦味肽处理的样品上组织结构的变形较小并且蛋白质的降解较少,而对照组(仅水处理)的样品明显可以观察到其肌肉蛋白失去了原有的有序结构。结论冷藏前用苦味肽处理去皮虾样品能有效减少羰基衍生物和自由巯基的形成,冷藏期间有助于样品的肌原纤维蛋白结构的稳定,表明苦味肽也有益于海洋食物的保鲜。     

一种用于主动式毫米波图像的低复杂度隐匿物品检测方法

主动式毫米波成像(AMWI)技术是检测隐藏在衣服下的危险物体的有效方法.但AMWI获取的图像通常很模糊,而且一些隐匿物体的尺寸较小,因此隐匿物品的自动检测和定位仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题.姚家雄等[1]首先使用卷积神经网络(CNNs)结合穷举滑动窗口方法来检测隐藏物体.做了两点改进:(1)使用上下文(背景)信息抑制干扰,(2)使用两步搜索方法代替穷举搜索来降低计算复杂度.首先在垂直方向上使用一个CNN来过滤干扰,得到隐藏物体的垂直位置,然后用另一个CNN来确定水平位置.为了充分利用上下文信息,使用IoG(交集和真值的比)代替IoU(交并比)来定义训练和测试过程中的正负样本.实验结果表明,该方法将计算时间减小到约30%,同时实现更好的检测性能.