Comparison of lipid composition ofCandida guilliermondii grown on glucose,ethanol and methanol as the sole carbon source

The carbon and energy source for aerobically grown cultures ofCandida guilliermondii profoundly influenced the neutral lipid content and the fatty acid composition of the individual lipid components. Methanol (0.80%, w/v) grown cells cultivated at 30 C in presence of 0.025% ammonium sulfate contained 12% total lipids, 67% of which was neutral lipids. Glucose (0.74%, w/v) or ethanol (0.53%, w/v) grown cells contained 21–22% total lipids, 80% of which was neutral lipids, under the same conditions. Methanol-grown cells contained a decreased 18∶1 acid (52–54% of total fatty acids) and an increased 18∶2 acid (23–25%), as compared with glucose- or ethanol-grown cells which contained 57–66% 18∶1 acid and 8–14% 18∶2 acid, in both neutral and polar lipid fractions. The relationship between methanol metabolism and desaturation of fatty acid in yeast was discussed.     

Determination of fatty acid composition by gas chromatography: II. Analysis with use of flame ionization detector

In this study known mixtures of four or five fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed collaboratively by gas chromatography with flame ionization detectors. The experimental data was treated statistically to examine inter- and intralaboratory scattering. More-over the effect of the use of correction factors was investigated. Even if only the specific analytical values that scattered a little were chosen, the averages of such values did not always approach the actual values. In some laboratories a sort of regularity was observed in the deviation of analytical values from real values throughout the analyses of four samples. The application of correction factors to the analytical values obtained by these laboratories resulted in a considerable decrease of interlaboratory scattering and deviation from the real values. When a constant amount of sample was injected, intralaboratory scattering was decreased, whereas interlaboratory scattering was not. Injection of large sample sizes caused deviation. From this collaborative study it was recommended that 0.5–1.0 μl of 20% solution be injected. Presented at the JOCS-AOCS Joint Meeting, Los Angeles, April 1972.     

Development of an epileptic seizure prediction algorithm using R–R intervals with self-attentive autoencoder

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that may affect the autonomic nervous system (ANS) from 15 to 20 min before seizure onset, and disturbances of ANS affect R–R intervals (RRI) on an electrocardiogram (ECG). This study aims to develop a machine learning algorithm for predicting focal epileptic seizures by monitoring R–R interval (RRI) data in real time. The developed algorithm adopts a self-attentive autoencoder (SA-AE), which is a neural network for time-series data. The results of applying the developed seizure prediction algorithm to clinical data demonstrated that it functioned well in most patients; however, false positives (FPs) occurred in specific participants. In a future work, we will investigate the causes of FPs and optimize the developing seizure prediction algorithm to further improve performance using newly added clinical data.

     

Thermal conductivity and phonon scattering mechanisms in La#x2212;x#x2212;x#x2212;xMxCuO4

The thermal conductivity of high density La_2–xM_xCuO₄ (M=Ba, Sr) sintered materials was measured between 15K and 150K for the various concentrations of Ba and the phonon thermal conductivity was analyzed comparing with that of Nd_2–xCe_xCuO₄. The pretty large value for pure La₂CuO₄ was drastically diminished by substituting La by a small amount of Ba atoms especially at low temperatures. It was found that a new type of the phonon scattering center such as a two-level tunneling must be taken account of in order to explain the observed reduction.     

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia in a child with atrial septal defect and pulmonary hypertension

We found that exposure to room temperature (RT/21 degrees C) causes apoptosis in HL-60 cells. Here we characterized RT-induced apoptosis in HL-60. After exposure to RT, apoptosis starts within 6 h and more than 80% of the cells underwent apoptosis within 20 h. All cells, however, were committed to apoptosis after 16 h and no viable cells could be recovered. The caspase-1 inhibitor (YVAD-CHO) effectively blocked apoptosis, whereas the caspase-3 inhibitor (DEVD-CHO) did not. About 20% of newly obtained early passage HL-60 cells (passage 10) also underwent apoptosis by RT treatment. These data suggest that some population in HL-60 which responds to RT with apoptosis became dominant during passaging.     

Crystallographic and fractographic studies of hydrogen- induced cracking in purified iron and iron- silicon alloys

Crystallographic and fractographic studies have been carried out on hydrogen charged purified iron and on iron-silicon alloys with silicon contents up to 3 pct. The specimens could be cracked by cathodically charging with hydrogen even without the application of an external stress. An experimental technique was developed which enabled the exposure of the fracture surface formed purely by hydrogen charging, and to contrast this with an adjacent mechanically induced fracture surface. In the case of purified iron, hydrogen induced cracks are found to occur on potential slip planes whereas in the case of iron-3 pct silicon, the crack follows the observed cleavage plane. Intermediate silicon content alloys showed transitional behavior. In agreement with the variation of crack plane in the alloys, the fracture surface appearances was also drastically different, reflecting the change in intrinsic toughness with alloy content. The observed transition from slip plane cracking to cleavage plane cracking was found to occur near a silicon content of 0.7 pct. The observed behavior is discussed in terms of how the intrinsic toughness of the ironbased lattice affects how hydrogen-induced cracks are formed. Formerly at Carnegie-Mellon University.     

Interhemispheric asymmetry exists in female in the N100m source position of the auditory evoked magnetic fields

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the affect of families' attitudes about the appropriateness of discussing psychosocial concerns on pediatric providers' identification of psychosocial problems. DESIGN: These data were collected as part of the Greater New Haven Child Health Study, New Haven, Conn. The study design was a prospective cohort. SETTING: Families were recruited from a stratified random sample of all primary care practices in the greater New Haven area. Nineteen of 23 invited practices agreed to participate including 2 prepaid practices, 2 neighborhood health centers, and 7 fee-for-service group and 8 fee-for-service solo practices. PARTICIPANTS: All families of children aged 4 to 8 years who attended these practices during 2 separate 3-week periods (1 in fall 1987 and 1 in spring 1988) were invited to participate in the study. Families were invited to participate only once, on the first contact with any eligible child, using approved procedures. Of 2006 eligible families, 1886 (94%) chose to participate. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The outcome variable for these analyses is the identification of any behavioral, emotional, or developmental problem by the pediatrician on the 13-category checklist. Overall, pediatric clinicians identified 27.5% of children with 1 or more psychosocial problems. RESULTS: Our data suggest that there is a great deal of discrepancy between what parents report is appropriate to do when their children have psychosocial problems and what they actually do when they recognize such problems in their children. Most (81.1%) believed it was appropriate to discuss 4 or more of the 6 hypothetical situations with their children's physician, while only 40.9% actually did discuss any of these problems with a physician when a problem occurred. Given the correlates of parents who intended to discuss such problems (higher education, older age, Euro-American ethnicity, higher income, married, availability of medical insurance) the possibility that parents are providing socially acceptable responses to such questions seems likely. Further, our data indicate that parents' actual reports of discussions of psychosocial problems is unrelated to whether physicians identified those problems in children. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatricians'judgments about the presence of psychosocial problems in their young patients seem to be based on their own observations rather than on what parents report. Physician-parent communication about psychosocial problems will be increasingly important as primary care physicians assume their role as gatekeepers to more expensive services such as mental health interventions.     

Determination of fatty acid composition by gas chromatography: I. Analysis with use of thermal conductivity detector

For the purpose of establishing a standard method for the gas chromatographic determination of fatty acid composition, a collaborative study team has carried out replicate analyses of specified samples using gas chromatographs equipped with thermal conductivity detectors and has examined the entire set of experimental data by a statistical method. From the results of the four collaborative works it was found that deviation of analytical values from exact composition and interlaboratory scattering of data may be considerably decreased by the following means: (a) enlarging the size of narrow peaks (less than 5 mm at a half height) or peaks with low height by adjusting the attenuator range or chart speed; (b) correcting the analytical values by using correction factors determined from analysis of known mixtures having composition similar to that of an unknown sample. Presented at the JOCS-AOCS Joint Meeting, Los Angeles, April 1972.     

Rapid Measurement of Phytate in Soy Products by Mid-infrared Spectroscopy

ABSTRACT: The rapid measurement of phytate from soybean and its products, such as soy flour, defatted meal, soymilk, and tofu, was investigated using Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) with an attenuated total refraction accessory. The phytate, separated from protein by trichloroacetic acid (TCA), was precipitated completely by the addition of calcium, pH > 7.0, even in the presence of TCA. The precipitate was dissolved in citrate buffer (pH 6.0) and then used for infrared measurement. The absorbance at 1070 cm⁻¹ correlated well the phytate content of the each sample. The measurement of phytate can be done rapidly by FT-IR with an ATR accessory and gives reproducible values.