Pre-Senescence Induction in Hepatoma Cells Favors Hepatitis C Virus Replication and Can Be Used in Exploring Antiviral Potential of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors

Recent evidence suggests that fibrotic liver injury in patients with chronic hepatitis C correlates with cellular senescence in damaged liver tissue. However, it is still unclear how senescence can affect replication of the hepatitis C virus (HCV). In this work, we report that an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6, palbociclib, not only induced in hepatoma cells a pre-senescent cellular phenotype, including G1 arrest in the cell cycle, but also accelerated viral replicon multiplication. Importantly, suppression of HCV replication by direct acting antivirals (DAAs) was barely affected by pre-senescence induction, and vice versa, the antiviral activities of host-targeting agents (HTAs), such as inhibitors of human histone deacetylases (HDACi), produced a wide range of reactions—from a dramatic reduction to a noticeable increase. It is very likely that under conditions of the G1 arrest in the cell cycle, HDACi exhibit their actual antiviral potency, since their inherent anticancer activity that complicates the interpretation of test results is minimized.     

Passivation of Compacted Samples Made of Pyrophoric Iron Nanopowders during Their Interaction with Air

Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves - Various macrokinetic modes of interaction (self-ignition or combustion) of compact samples from nonpassivated (pyrophoric) and passivated iron nanopowders...     

Program auto parallelizer and vectorizer implemented on the basis of the universal translation library and LLVM technology

The paper is devoted to the integration of the compiler based on the LLVM library with the tools created using the Universal Translation Library (UTL)—automatic parallelizer and vectorizer. The intermediate representations used in the libraries to be integrated are analyzed and compared. Mechanisms which had to be implemented for integration are described. The most important UTL components are also presented. Finally we present comparative performance tests of the compilation system obtained as a result of this integration, and available compilers. These tests were run on multi-core systems based on ARM and x86 architectures using SPEC/CPU2006 and NAS Parallel Benchmarks packages.     

Abrasive-jet machining of large hollow components

Analytical formulas are derived for the internal surface characteristics of a large cylindrical workpiece after treatment by an abrasive–air jet as a function of the machining conditions. A formula for the productivity is also presented.     

Combustion behavior of a Ti + TiC mixture in a nitrogen coflow

Combustion of powder and granular mixtures of TiC + Ti in a quartz tube purged with nitrogen was studied. Mixtures based on fine and coarse-grained TiC were used. It is found that purging of a powder mixture of bulk density with fine titanium carbide with nitrogen coflow does not lead to the spread of the flame front, whereas granular mixtures burn at the same pressure difference. Mixtures based on coarse-grained titanium carbide powder burn in both powder and granular form. The burning rate of a granular mixture of TiC + Ti with coarse-grained titanium carbide is significantly higher than when using fine titanium carbide. It is shown that in the case of a coarse-grained TiC, granulation of the mixture of TiC + Ti significantly improves the degree of nitriding of the synthesis products compared to the powder mixture. During combustion of granular mixtures of TiC + Ti, in contrast to powder mixtures of the same composition, a singlephase product of approximate composition TiC_0.5N_0.44 is formed as a result of synthesis.     

Somatic antigens of pseudomonads: structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar B, strain IMV 247

The O-specific polysaccharide of Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar B, strain IMV 247, was studied by acid hydrolysis, GLC-MS and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including 1D and 2D NOE, 2D hybrid TOCSY and ROESY (TORO), and 2D H-detected heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation (HMBC) experiments. The polysaccharide was found to contain L-rhamnose, 3.6-dideoxy-3-[(S)-3-hydroxybutyramido]-D-glucose (D-Qui3NHb), 2-acetamido- 2,4,6-trideoxy-4-[(S)-3-hydroxybutyramido-D-glucose (D-QuiNAc4NHb) and 2-acetamido-2- deoxy-D-galacturonic acid (D-GalNAcA). Partial acid hydrolysis of the polysaccharide resulted in a non-reducing GalNAcA-->QuiNAc4NHb disaccharide with the 3-hydroxybutyryl group glycosylated intramolecularly by the QuiN4N residue. The following structure of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established:-->4) -alpha-D-GalpNAcA-(1-->3)- alpha-D-QuipNAc4NHb-(1-->2)-beta-D-Quip3NHb-(1-->2)-alpha-L- Rhap(1-->.