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A decision tree-based system for learning from numeric data is described. Results from linear algebra (pseudoinverse matrices) help the system to generate decision trees where the nodes are represented by linear threshold units minimizing the mean square error. The system's capability to provide good classifications with small decision trees is demonstrated on artificial and benchmark data. 相似文献
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Abstract Reasoning with uncertain information is a problem of key importance when dealing with information about the real world. Obtaining the precise numbers required by many uncertainty handling formalisms can be a problem. The theory of rough sets makes it possible to handle uncertainty without the need for precise numbers, and so has some advantages in such situations. This paper presents an introduction to various forms of reasoning under uncertainty that are based on rough sets. In particular, a number of sets of numerical and symbolic truth values which may be used to augment propositional logic are developed, and a semantics for these values is provided based upon the notion of possible worlds. Methods of combining the truth values are developed so that they may be propagated when augmented logic formulae are combined, and their use is demonstrated in theorem proving. 相似文献
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MIROSLAV VAŘECHA DANIELA PÁCLOVÁ JIŘINA PROCHÁZKOVÁ PAVEL MATULA DUŠAN CMARKO MICHAL KOZUBEK 《Biocell》2012,36(3):121-126
Recent findings suggest that apoptotic protein apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) may also play an important non-apoptotic function inside mitochondria. AIF was proposed to be an important component of respiratory chain complex I that is the major producer of superoxide radical. The possible role of AIF is still controversial. Superoxide production could be used as a valuable measure of complex I function, because the majority of superoxide is produced there. Therefore, we employed superoxide-specific mitochondrial fluorescence dye for detection of superoxide production. We studied an impact of AIF knockdown on function of mitochondrial complex I by analyzing superoxide production in selected cell lines. Our results show that tumoral telomerase-positive (TP) AIF knockdown cell lines display significant increase in superoxide production in comparison to control cells, while a non-tumoral cell line and tumoral telomerase-negative cell lines with alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) show a decrease in superoxide production. According to these results, we can conclude that AIF knockdown disrupts function of complex I and therefore increases the superoxide production in mitochondria. The distinct effect of AIF depletion in various cell lines could result from recently discovered activity of telomerase in mitochondria of TP cancer cells, but this hypothesis needs further investigation 相似文献
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Technological forecasting is located in technological space for a certain engineering domain and is the first step in the research and development of a new technology. There are many techniques already developed for technological forecasting like extrapolation of trends, heuristics forecasting by expert e.g. Delphi method, etc. The morphological method (MM) is used to describe a technique for identifying, indexing, counting and parametrizing the collection of all possible devices to achieve a specified functional capability. This is not a forecasting per se, but it is a useful organizing tool, a source of insights, and a starting point for further analysis by other methods, Mila?i? (1976). In the paper we expand the capabilities of MM using artificial intelligence (Al) principles. The AI production system has a global data base, a set of production rules and a control system. Special attention is paid to control strategy-developing searching techniques in order to distinguish the explicit local knowledge about how to proceed toward a goal from any state from the implicit global knowledge of the complete solution. Some practical examples are also shown. 相似文献
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MIROSLAV KUBAT 《控制论与系统》2013,44(3-4):389-400
Abstract This paper presents an AI-based approach to Load balancing in computer networks; the load redistribution in the network is controlled by a rule-based expert system. Our experiments have shown that changes in the workload structure impose the necessity of automated modifications of the rules in the knowledge base. These modifications are made by means of a machine learning subsystem that is incremental and capable of forgetting pieces of knowledge that have become obsolete. This paper can be understood as a brief report on a real-world application of Michalski's idea of flexible concepts. 相似文献
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MAJA MILOSEVIC MILOS LAZAREVIC BOSKO TOLJIC MILAN PETROVIC MIROSLAV VUKADINOVIC ZORAN JEZDIC BOBAN ANICIC DRAGO JELOVAC SVETLANA JOVANOVIC JELENA MILASIN 《Biocell》2021,45(6):1543-1550
Specific cell subpopulations identified as cancer stem cells (CSCs) can be found in basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Generally, CSCs have a marked trans-differentiation potential that could potentially be used in differentiation therapies. However, there are no studies regarding BCC CSCs multipotency. The aim of the study was to analyze the characteristic of CSCs of BCC with emphasis on their differentiation potential upon specific induction. Specific staining and cell morphology were used for differentiation confirmation, along with the expression analysis of osteogenic (ALP, BSP, Runx2, OCN, BMP2), chondrogenic (COL1 and COL2A1), adipogenic (PPAR-γ) and neurogenic (Nestin and MAP2) markers. BCC CSCs differentiated into osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages, as judged by staining and high expression of specific markers (from 2-to 92-fold higher upon induction). Concomitantly with differentiation, the levels of cancer stem cell markers decreased in the cultures. Adipo-differentiation and neuro-differentiation were unsuccessful. In conclusion, BCC CSCs exhibit the capacity to trans-differentiate, a characteristic that may potentially be useful in the development of new strategies for the treatment of aggressive BCCs. 相似文献
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We combine recently proposed adaptive nonlinear controllers with two types of observer-based identifiers. The controllers guarantee an input-to-state stability property with respect to θ? and θ? and the observer-based identifiers independently guarantee boundedness of θ?. A stability enhancement in the observer is crucial in establishing stability properties. 相似文献