Eu掺杂对LiNiPO_4导电性的影响(英文)

采用Pechini方法制备了掺杂Eu和未掺杂Eu的LiNiPO4化合物,通过热重分析和差热分析(TG/DTA)来确定LiNiPO4的生成温度。粉末X射线衍射谱证实所得到的化合物为具有正交结构的纯LiNiPO4。采用复合阻抗谱技术分析样品在不同的温度和频率下的电导率和模量谱。采用Almond和West公式计算导电性能参数,如离子跃迁频率、电荷载体浓度。掺杂1.0%Eu的LiNiPO4的离子电导率增加了一个数量级。电模量谱分析表明LiNiPO4化合物中存在非德拜类型的弛豫。     

Inhibition of NO emission by adding antioxidant mixture in Jatropha biodiesel on the performance and emission characteristics of a C.I. engine

In this paper, the effect of adding an antioxidant mixture in Jatropha biodiesel as fuel, in a single cylinder, direct injection compression ignition engine was experimentally investigated and the level of pollutants in the exhaust and performance characteristics of the engine were analyzed. Nine test fuels were prepared with three antioxidants, namely, Succinimide (C₄H₅NO₂), N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine-dihydrochloride (C₈H₁₄Cl₂N₂), and N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (C₆H₅NHC₆H₄NH₂) added to neat biodiesel at 500 parts per million (ppm), 1000 ppm and 2000 ppm and the observed experimental results were compared with those of neat biodiesel and neat diesel as base fuels. The comparison showed that NO emission was reduced drastically for the test fuels with the antioxidant addition of 2000 ppm. The maximum reduction of 10% of NO emission was observed for the antioxidant mixture in neat biodiesel, with a slight increase in unburned HC, CO and smoke opacity. In addition, the obtained experimental results reveal that the addition of two antioxidants as mixture in neat biodiesel caused improved NO emission reduction for all test fuels.     

Lithium ion conducting solid polymer blend electrolyte based on bio-degradable polymers

Lithium ion conducting polymer blend electrolyte films based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) with different Mwt% of lithium nitrate (LiNO₃) salt, using a solution cast technique, have been prepared. The polymer blend electrolyte has been characterized by XRD, FTIR, DSC and impedance analyses. The XRD study reveals the amorphous nature of the polymer electrolyte. The FTIR study confirms the complex formation between the polymer and salt. The shifts in T _g values of 70 PVA–30 PVP blend and 70 PVA–30 PVP with different Mwt% of LiNO₃ electrolytes shown by DSC thermograms indicate an interaction between the polymer and the salt. The dependence of T _g and conductivity upon salt concentration has been discussed. The ion conductivity of the prepared polymer electrolyte has been found by a.c. impedance spectroscopic analysis. The PVA–PVP blend system with a composition of 70 wt% PVA: 30 wt% PVP exhibits the highest conductivity of 1·58 × 10^???6 Scm^???1 at room temperature. Polymer samples of 70 wt% PVA–30 wt% PVP blend with different molecular weight percentage of lithium nitrate with DMSO as solvent have been prepared and studied. High conductivity of 6·828 × 10^???4 Scm^???1 has been observed for the composition of 70 PVA:30 PVP:25 Mwt% of LiNO₃ with low activation energy 0·2673 eV. The conductivity is found to increase with increase in temperature. The temperature dependent conductivity of the polymer electrolyte follows the Arrhenius relationship which shows hopping of ions in the polymer matrix. The relaxation parameters (ω) and (τ) of the complexes have been calculated by using loss tangent spectra. The mechanical properties of polymer blend electrolyte such as tensile strength, elongation and degree of swelling have been measured and the results are presented.