Vitamin B content of cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata Walp). II. Pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, biotin and folic acid

The microbiological estimations of pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, biotin and folic acid were carried out on thirty varieties of cowpeas. Precautions needed to obtain consistent results for each of the vitamins were recorded. Individual values of the vitamins in the samples were recorded and statistical analyses of the results for both the varieties and the three types of cowpeas are discussed. Varietal differences in the vitamin contents were noted.     

Underground production scheduling with ventilation and refrigeration considerations

Underground mine production scheduling determines when, if ever, activities associated with the extraction of ore should be executed. The accumulation of heat in the mine where operators are working is a major concern. At the time of this writing, production scheduling and ventilation decisions are not made in concert. Correspondingly, heat limitations are largely ignored. Our mixed-integer program maximizes net present value subject to constraints on precedence, and mill and extraction capacities with the consideration of heat using thermodynamic principles, while affording the option of activating refrigeration to mitigate heat accumulation. In seconds to hours, depending on the problem size (up to thousands of activities and 900 daily time periods), a corresponding methodology that exploits the mathematical problem structure provides schedules that maintain a safe working environment for mine operators; optimality gaps are no more than 15% and average less than half that for otherwise-intractable instances.

     

Optimizing design and dispatch of a renewable energy system with combined heat and power

Optimization and Engineering - We embellish a mixed-integer program that prescribes a set of renewable energy, conventional generation, and storage technologies to procure, along with a...     

Vitamin B content of cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata Walp) I.—Thiamine,riboflavin and niacin

The thiamine, riboflavin and niacin contents of thirty varieties of cowpeas have been studied. Estimates of the values of these vitamins in the individual varieties have been recorded, and comparative studies of the values show significant differences between the vitamin contents of some varieties. It is also suggested that in reporting experiments, accession numbers be used to identify the varieties of cowpeas in order to avoid possible confusion.     

Chemical studies on some Nigerian carbonated and alcoholic beverages

Carbonated beverages and different brands of lager beer bottled in Nigeria were analysed for carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, vitamins and alcohol, in order to provide basic data for the appraisal of their nutritive value. Seven carbonated beverages and five brands of lager beer were so analysed. The carbohydrate content of the carbonated drinks ranged from $\text{9·52–13·93}\text{g}\text{100}\text{g}$. They all contained sucrose, glucose and fructose. Calcium ranged from $\text{0·97–1·71}\text{mg}\text{100}\text{g}$; potassium, $\text{0·21–0·27}\text{mEq}\text{100}\text{g}$; sodium, $\text{1·58–5·20}\text{mEq}\text{100}\text{g}$. They contained no detectable amount of iron, traces of vitamin C, and negligible amounts of thiamin and riboflavin. The beers contained between 2·56 and $\text{4·17}\text{g carbohydrates}\text{100}\text{g}$. The main sugar was maltose. Alcohol (by weight) ranged from 3·77% to 5·20%. They were poor sources of minerals and vitamins. Some nutritional implications of these data are discussed.