First-principles DFT study of SO2 and SO3 adsorption on 2PANI: a model for polyaniline response

Interaction of SO_x (x?=?2,3) molecules on active sites of dianiline (as a model for polyaniline, denoted here as 2PANI) was studied using density functional theory at the BLYP-D/6-31+G(d) level of theory. Natural population analysis was used to find out the charge distribution as well as the net transferred charge of SO_x upon adsorption on 2PANI and the result has been compared with Mulliken charge analysis to evaluate the sensing ability of 2PANI. The computed density of states point to the remarkable orbital hybridization between SO_x and 2PANI during the adsorption process. As a consequence, the results of UV–VIS confirm the sensing ability of 2PANI toward SO₂ and SO₃. Based on our results, it can be found that at proper configuration the SO₂ and SO₃ molecules can be adsorbed on 2PANI with adsorption energies (E_ads) of ?18.2 and ?62.9?kJ/mol (BSSE), respectively.     

Apparatus for high temperature friction measurement

The static and dynamic coefficient of friction between two flat surfaces at elevated temperature is under investigation. The equipment used in this study was originally designed for the precision glass molding (PGM) process and was then modified for friction measurement. The ultimate aim of this research is to study and characterize the frictional behavior between glass and a mold surface at elevated temperatures typical of the PGM process and under conditions similar to those for this process. This paper describes the design of the apparatus, and validation experiments using a steel-steel material pair at room temperature for comparison with values reported in the literature. The average friction coefficient between the steel-steel pair was found to be 0.17. Subsequent experiments using steel against steel and BK-7 glass against steel, found the stick-slip phenomena is happening at 577 °C.     

A Comprehensive Experimental Study on Finishing Aluminum Tube by Proposed UAMAF Process

In this paper, a new noncontact ultrasonic magnetic abrasive finishing mechanism is presented. An ultrasonic vibration producer is used to vibrate the permanent magnets. The ferromagnetic steel grits in the created magnetic field form a flexible finishing tool. To take advantage of cavitation collapse pressure, the finishing zone components are immersed in water. The present work also studies the effect of parameters, i.e., time duration for finishing and working gap between magnetic poles and the workpiece on the surface roughness (Ra). The microscopic pictures and the roughness profile diagrams demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method.     

Very high-speed and high-accuracy current-steering CMOS D/A converter using a novel 3-D decoder

In this paper a 10-bit 1.2-GSample/s Nyquist current-steering CMOS digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is presented. Segmentation (90%) has been used to get the best DNL and reduce glitch energy. This segmentation ratio guarantees the monotonicity. Higher performance is achieved using a novel 3-D thermometer decoding method which reduces the area, power consumption, and the number of control signals of the digital section. Simulation results show that the spurious-free-dynamic-range (SFDR) in Nyquist rate is better than 65 dB for sampling frequency up to 1.2-GSample/s. The analog voltage supply is 3.3 V while the digital part of the chip operates at only 2.4 V. Total power consumption in Nyquist rate measurement is 149 mW. The chip has been processed in a standard 0.35 μm CMOS technology. Active area of chip is 1.97 mm².     

Evaluation of the effect of Ultra Rice® EDTA supplementation on the soluble iron,visual acceptance and vitamin A stability of commercial milled rice blends

The addition of NaFeEDTA at only 5% of total iron to ferric pyrophosphate‐fortified Ultra Rice^® increased the in vitro soluble iron ten‐fold. Ultra Rice^® formulated with NaFeEDTA at 2–7% of total iron, or with Na₂EDTA·2H₂O at 0.5× the total iron equivalents, increased the soluble iron seven‐ to thirty‐fold. The colour of the batches was acceptable through 20 weeks at 21 °C, but colour stability needs to be evaluated under authentic storage conditions. Although only 34–46% of the initial vitamin A remained after extrusion, 18‐week storage at 30 °C/70% relative humidity, and simulated cooking, there were indications that losses could be decreased by raising the pH (to ~5) and/or using a better protected vitamin A ingredient. The enhancement of soluble iron afforded by low‐level NaFeEDTA or Na₂EDTA·2H₂O supplementation suggests that this fortification strategy may merit further study as a means of increasing absorbable iron in Ultra Rice^®.     

Numerical and clinical investigation on the material model of the cornea in Corvis tonometry tests: differentiation between hyperelasticity and viscoelasticity

Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials - Non-contact tonometers, including ORA and Corvis ST, are not only used to estimate intraocular pressure (IOP) in clinical surveys but are also utilized to...     

Design of a 12-bit high-speed CMOS D/A converter using a new 3D digital decoder structure useful for wireless transmitter applications

In this paper a 12-bit Nyquist current-steering digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is implemented using TSMC 0.35 μm standard CMOS process technology. The proposed DAC is an essential part in baseband section of wireless transmitter circuits. Using oversampling ratio (OSR) for it leads to avoid use of an active analog reconstruction filter. The optimum segmentation (75%) has been used to get the best DNL and reduce glitch energy. This segmentation ratio guarantees the monotonicity. Higher performance is achieved using a new 3D thermometer decoding method which reduces the area, power consumption and the number of control signals of the digital section. Using two digital channels in parallel, helps reach 1 GHz sampling frequency. Simulations indicate that the DAC has an accuracy better than 10.7-bit for upcoming higher data rate standards (IEEE 802.16 and 802.11n), and a spurious-free-dynamic-range (SFDR) higher than 64 dB in whole Nyquist frequency band. The post layout four corner Monte-Carlo simulated INL is better than 0.74 LSB while simulated DNL is better than 0.49 LSB. The analog voltage supply is 3.3 V while the digital part of the chip operates with only 2.4 V. Total power consumption in Nyquist rate measurement is 144.9 mW. Active area of chip is 1.37 mm².     

Novel and general carbon nanotube FET-based circuit designs to implement all of the 3 ternary functions without mathematical operations

In this paper, we propose new universal designs of ternary-valued logic (TVL) with high-speed, low-power and full swing output using carbon nanotube FETs (CNTFETs). All of the TVL functions (3⁹ functions) can be implemented in these designs. Ternary value logic is a promising alternative to binary logic due to the reduced integrated circuit (IC) interconnects and chip area. Therefore, a universal design of TVL is a good direction for the future of FPGA design using CNTFET. In this paper, new universal designs of ternary-valued logic based on CNTFETs are proposed and compared with the existing resistive-load CNTFET universal TVL designs. Extensive simulations have been performed in HSPICE to investigate the distribution of power consumption and the delay of the CNTFET-based universal cells due to variations in the supply voltage, the diameter of the CNT, and the room temperature. Simulation results show that the proposed universal TVL designs result in significantly lower power consumption and delay compared with previous resistive-load CNTFET universal TVL implementations.