Fabrication of barium titanate ceramics via digital light processing 3D printing by using high refractive index monomer

A digital light processing (DLP) technology has been developed for 3D printing lead-free barium titanate (BTO) piezoelectric ceramics. By comparing the curing and rheological properties of slurries with different photosensitive monomer, a high refractive index monomer acryloyl morpholine (ACMO) was chosen, and a design and preparation method of BTO slurry with high solid content, low viscosity and high curing ability was proposed. By further selecting the printing parameters, the single-layer exposure time was reduced and the forming efficiency has been greatly improved. Sintered specimens were obtained after a nitrogen-air double-step debinding and furnace sintering process, and the BTO ceramics fabricated with 80 wt% slurry shows the highest relative density (95.32 %) and piezoelectric constant (168.1 pC/N). Furthermore, complex-structured BTO ceramics were prepared, impregnated by epoxy resin and finally assembly made into hydrophones, which has significance for the future design and manufacture of piezoelectric ceramic-based composites that used in functional devices.     

道在山林，周弥六合——浙东天台山“洞天福地”的山岳景观流变及文化意象研究

道教洞天福地作为中国名山风景的经典类型之一，在宗教山岳景观中占据独特地位。浙东天台山水神秀，历代高道以入山隐修为主要目的，形成了道教在区域山林的景观文化基础。从天台山“神仙之乡”的文化背景出发，从“想象与实践”的视角切入，梳理了天台山洞天福地的景观流变：分析其“不死之福庭”地域性景观的形成经历了“赤城→桐柏”的信仰转移过程；以天台山为坐标，洞天福地格局打破了区域“层级”分布特征，而呈现大范围“州郡”空间格局。作为“联结点”的天台山，洞天世界沟通了宇宙、山、人3个基本场域，由此衍生出“洞宫”式和“周回”式山岳空间营建典范。旨在挖掘洞天福地中典型案例的价值，为中国洞天福地体系的构建提供理论依据。     

The Effects of Scaling and Bias Configuration on Operating-Voltage Constraints in SiGe HBTs for Mixed-Signal Circuits

This paper presents a comprehensive picture of operating-voltage constraints in SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors, addressing breakdown-related issues as they relate to technology generation, bias configuration, and operating-current density. New definitions for breakdown voltage, adopted from standard measurements, are presented. Practical design implications and physical origins of breakdown are explored using calibrated 2-D simulations and quasi-3-D compact models. Device-level analysis of ac instabilities and power performance, which is relevant to mixed-signal circuit design, is presented, and implications of the relaxed voltage constraints for common-base operation are explored.     

基于CAE的平流式换热器无模成型工艺开发

为实现高效的平流式换热器柔性弯曲制造,避免模具对制品的损伤,采用仿真与试验相结合的方法实现平流式换热器无模弯曲工艺开发.与传统的换热器绕弯成型技术相比,该成型过程无须弯曲模,而是通过控制换热器两端的运动轨迹实现弯曲成型,改变相应的运动轨迹能实现不同的弯曲半径.在成型原理分析的基础上,建立无模弯曲成型过程的有限元仿真模型,并基于仿真结果确定合理的弯曲速度、夹头长度和中性层半径等工艺参数.设计并制造无模弯曲成型试验装置,并研究翅片结构等因素对成型质量的影响.     

Morse set classification and hierarchical refinement using Conley index

Morse decomposition provides a numerically stable topological representation of vector fields that is crucial for their rigorous interpretation. However, Morse decomposition is not unique, and its granularity directly impacts its computational cost. In this paper, we propose an automatic refinement scheme to construct the Morse Connection Graph (MCG) of a given vector field in a hierarchical fashion. Our framework allows a Morse set to be refined through a local update of the flow combinatorialization graph, as well as the connection regions between Morse sets. The computation is fast because the most expensive computation is concentrated on a small portion of the domain. Furthermore, the present work allows the generation of a topologically consistent hierarchy of MCGs, which cannot be obtained using a global method. The classification of the extracted Morse sets is a crucial step for the construction of the MCG, for which the Poincare′ index is inadequate. We make use of an upper bound for the Conley index, provided by the Betti numbers of an index pair for a translation along the flow, to classify the Morse sets. This upper bound is sufficiently accurate for Morse set classification and provides supportive information for the automatic refinement process. An improved visualization technique for MCG is developed to incorporate the Conley indices. Finally, we apply the proposed techniques to a number of synthetic and realworld simulation data to demonstrate their utility.     

Synthesis and characterization of caprolactone based polyurethane with degradable and antifouling performance

In this work,a degradable polyurethane composed of caprolactone(CL)and L-Lactide(LLA)as soft seg-ments,and 4,4'-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate)(H12MDI)and polytetramethylene ether glycol(PTMEG)as hard segments,was prepared.Hydrolytic degradation experiment revealed that the degrad-able polyurethane(PU)could be degraded in artificial seawater.It also showed that caprolactone-co-polyurethane(CL-PU)copolymer with higher crystallinity degraded much slower in artificial seawater.However,the introduction of LLA resulted in an increase in the hydrophilicity and reduction in the crys-tallinity of degradable PU,as demonstrated by the contact angle analysis.The result of the scanning elec-tron microscope showed that the surface of degradable PU renewed under static condition.Moreover,degradable PU was able to be used as a carrier,and it controlled the release rate of 4,5-dichloro-2-octyl-isothiazolone(DCOIT).The anti-diatom(Navicula incerta)test demonstrated that the(caprolactone-co-L-lactide)-co-polyurethane 4(CL/LAx-PU4)with DCOIT contents prevented the adhe-sion of diatom Navicula incerta(88.37％reduction)due to their self-polishing and the release of antifou-lants.Therefore,the degradable PU consisted of CL,LLA,and DCOIT could be a durable resin with good antifouling activity for the application in the marine anti-biofouling field.     

PAN/FPU Composite Nanofiber Membrane with Superhydrophobic and Superoleophobic Surface as a Filter Element for High-Efficiency Protective Masks

Recently, because of the outbreak of COVID-19, the demand for various types of filter elements in protective materials has increased globally. Furthermore, new requirements for the filtration performance of PM2.5 liquid (oil) particles have been put forward. In this work, Superhydrophobic and superoleophobic composite nanofibers with excellent filtration capacity for oil and salt particles are developed through the modification of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) by fluoro-polyurethane (FPU) doping. The results show that the PAN/FPU composite nanofibers doped with 9 wt% FPU has a uniform fiber morphology with a diameter of 240 ± 30 nm. Compared to the pure PAN nanofibers, the water-based contact angle of PAN/FPU increases from 90 ± 5° to 151 ± 5°, and the oil-based contact angle increases from 58 ± 2° to 152 ± 3°. Importantly, at a high flow rate of 95 L min⁻¹, the filtration efficiency of the PAN/FPU nanofiber membrane for 0.3 µm oil particles increases from 92 ± 1% to 99.2 ± 0.1%. After cyclic loading, the filtration efficiency of 0.3 µm oil particles remains above 98%. Meanwhile, the filtration efficiency for 0.3 µm salt particles remains at 98.23 ± 0.1%. The PAN/FPU nanofiber membrane developed in this work is effective in applications and has good market prospects as a protective filtration material.     

下喷式环流反应器环隙气含率影响因素

下喷式环流反应器是一种用于强化气-液两相反应过程的新型装置，虽然已在工业上有了较广泛的应用，但对其理论研究远未成熟，其工业装置的设计仍依赖于实验和经验。本文借助实验室自制实验装置，对下喷式环流反应器环隙气含率的影响规律进行了研究。首先，对喷射器的吸气量进行了测量，获得了不同条件下喷射器最大吸气量的性能曲线；在此基础上，分别研究了气相流量、液相流量以及喷射器安装位置对环隙气含率的影响规律。结果表明：气相流量和液相流量对气含率具有重要的影响，随着气相流量和液相流量的增大，气含率快速提高，而喷嘴位置对气含率的影响相对较小；考虑到增加气相流量和液相流量所需要的能耗和设备代价，通过增加液相流量来达到提高气含率的目的是优选方案。     

基于间歇测量的状态估计稳定性和精度研究*

针对分布式控制系统状态估计过程出现的测量值丢失问题,本文量化分析测量值丢失对估计稳定性和精度的影响。首先,根据随机测量模型重新推导带测量值丢失的卡尔曼滤波器,得到估计误差协方差迭代式。然后,将随机误差协方差迭代式建模为修正的黎卡提微分方程,提出了估计稳定性和精度分析方法。最后,列举不同的系统实例,证明临界包到达率的存在性,当测量值到达率大于临界值时,平均误差协方差从发散过渡到有界,进而得到估计精度与包达率之间的函数关系。     

阿克苏河径流演变及其对气候变化的响应

气候变化深刻影响着径流变化过程,是造成我国西北干旱区水资源短缺和生态环境荒漠化等问题的重要原因。以阿克苏河流域上游水文站1961-2014年的月径流资料和气象网格数据为基础数据,通过线性回归法、Mann-Kendall非参数检验法和Pearson相关系数法,分析了阿克苏河流域径流演变规律并进一步探讨了径流对气候变化的响应。结果表明:近54年来,阿克苏河流域径流量呈现显著的上升趋势,且研究区内气候增暖增湿趋势明显;径流量和气候要素在时间上有良好的一致性,突变时间均发生在20世纪90年代,径流量的突变时间略滞后于气温和降水量;经相关统计检验分析,阿克苏河流域出山口径流量受到了气温和降水的双重影响,托什干河径流对气温更为敏感,而库玛拉克河则是降水对径流的影响占主导作用。