重新设计重新填充:设计指南

本文为设计可持续性、可再充填料的设计团队提供了指导方针。该研究集中在个人护理领域的"沐浴露"产品。广泛的定性方法用于创建背景框架,开发设计概念,而且测试设计方案的可行性。将两个概念转化为高精确度原型,和在多活动用户焦点组中进行测试。使用Eco-indicator 99的环境角度对原型进行了评估。讨论的重点是关于可再填充的包装的一般发现,和与"浓缩混合在母体包中"相关的具体发现。"这项研究的发现极大地提高了人们对可再填充包装的潜在影响的理解水平,和它如何被商业成功应用。"已经确定了一系列的重新填充物设计的指导方针,这有助于更清晰地了解可再填充包装设计的要求。此外,更详细的了解最新的消费者认知情况,相关业务挑战和机遇,节约和环境"集中补充,混合在父包,"已被确认。人们已经看到,要想成功地重新填充,必须为消费者、环境和企业执行,尽管这听起来并不令人惊讶,但实现起来很有挑战性。这意味着他们必须提供良好的质量;非常容易使用和适当的交付;被清楚地沟通;通过品牌消费者提供;而且代表了良好的价值,同时从根本上减少了制造和分发包装的数量。将仔细考虑的消费者和环境需求结合在一起,对可再填充包装的成功开发至关重要。     

Student–educator sex in clinical and counseling psychology doctoral training.

This study assessed reported rates of sexual liaisons between students and educators during doctoral training in clinical or counseling psychology. One thousand American Psychological Association members (600 women & 400 men) were anonymously surveyed with a mailed questionnaire; response rate was 51%. Though only 2% of the male respondents reported sexual contact with an educator, 15% of the female respondents reported having had such contact. The modal liaison was between a 40-year-old, married male educator and a 30-year-old, single female student in her 2nd year of graduate training. No sexual contacts occurred in the absence of a working relationship. Respondents were, in retrospect, more likely to view the sexual relationship as coercive, ethically problematic, and a hindrance to the working relationship compared to how they viewed it at the time it occurred. The authors suggest changes in professional training and revisions to the ethics code. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

High Thermal Conductivity Polymer Composites Fabrication through Conventional and 3D Printing Processes: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends

The lifespan and the performance of flexible electronic devices and components are affected by the large accumulation of heat, and this problem must be addressed by thermally conductive polymer composite films. Therefore, the need for the development of high thermal conductivity nanocomposites has a strong role in various applications. In this article, the effect of different particle reinforcements such as single and hybrid form, coated and uncoated particles, and chemically treated particles on the thermal conductivity of various polymers are reviewed and the mechanism behind the improvement of the required properties are discussed. Furthermore, the role of manufacturing processes such as injection molding, compression molding, and 3D printing techniques in the production of high thermal conductivity polymer composites is detailed. Finally, the potential for future research is discussed, which can help researchers to work on the thermal properties enhancement for polymeric materials.     

Comparison of parents with and without disabilities raising teens: Information from the nhis and two national surveys.

Objectives: To contrast families headed by parents with disabilities raising children ages 11-17 years with families headed by parents without disabilities. Study Design: There were 3 sources of data: (a) the National Health Institute Survey (National Center for Health Statistics, 2000), (b) a previous national survey (L. T. T. Barker & V. Maralani, 1997), (c) a new national survey of parents with disabilities (n = 273) and their teens (ages 11-17 years; n = 246) and a control group of parents without disabilities (n = 48) and their teens (n = 37). Main Measure: Participants completed a survey designed for this study. Results: Parents with disabilities were generally quite similar to parents without disabilities, with some notable differences, particularly in employment and income. Deaf parents exhibited certain differences from parents with other disabilities. Conclusion: Survey responses provided a snapshot of parents with disabilities and their families from community samples, including aspects in which disabled and nondisabled participants were similar. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

LCD显示器需求的改变——改善色彩将是2007年真正的突破

在2007年拉斯维加斯的消费电子展《CES)上,与近年来在许多展览上推出的独具特色的显示技术突破相比, NV公司失去了往日的风采。大部分的焦点出现在大型、更大型、最大型的显示器上,与我们在过去的展览中看到的相比,屏前性能的改进越来越细微入致。人们不易察觉改进的重要性,特别是对游戏和图形处理圈之外的用户,但是,虽然如此却代表着向液晶显示(LCD)监视器技术方向发展的重要方向。     

Body image boundaries and patterns of body perception.

4 studies were undertaken to test hypotheses concerning the relationship of the definitness of the body image boundary to patterns of sensation from exterior and interior body regions. The measure of boundary definiteness utilized was the barrier score which is derived from responses to inkblots. It was found that the more definite an S's body image boundary the more likely he is to assign prominence to body exterior as compared to body interior sensations. This was demonstrated in terms of reports of current and past body sensations and also partially in terms of reactions to placebo. Selective recall for verbal material referring to exterior and interior sensations was also found to be related to degree of boundary definiteness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A developmental perspective on the study of depression: Children's evaluative reactions to sadness.

Examined developmental differences in emotional expression. It is suggested that there are cognitive and character structures that may be prerequisites for certain adult reactions to painful life events. The self-denigrating adult may be a discrepancy between self-representation and ideal self. In a child, these structures may not yet be stable enough to withstand such critical self-appraisal. 35 5- and 7-yr-olds were asked to give liking ratings to hypothetical children who had undergone a painful life event and to give evaluative ratings of themselves in the same situations. Older Ss evaluated a hypothetical other and themselves negatively, whereas the 5-yr-olds could not extend their negative evaluation of a sad other to themselves. Results are discussed in terms of developmental changes in the depressive reaction. (31 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Understanding the views of the UK food packaging supply chain in order to support a move to circular economy systems

This study set out to better understand the feelings of stakeholders from the UK food packaging supply chain towards a move to circular economy (CE) systems. The research areas studied included current and future challenges facing supply chain stakeholders, the consideration of transformative technologies (TT) to enable packaging solutions in the move to CE systems and what CE systems using TT would look like for the UK's chilled food packaging sector. A questionnaire was selected to obtain data from across the UK food packaging supply chain. Participants were selected from six industry stakeholder groups, with 24 completing the questionnaire. This study has clearly shown there is a large spectrum of solutions in a move to CE, each with their own benefits and limitations. TT has an ability to enable these, but in selecting the best one for a specific packaging solution, a decision maker must take into consideration business constraints of the supply chain and the consumer's behaviour towards new solutions.     

Epistemological consistency and its scientific implications.

Comments on the contributions of G. A. Kimble (see record 1986-07921-001) and L. Krasner and A. C. Houts (see record 1986-10225-001) concerning the relationship between values and science. Using a measure of epistemological assumptions and disciplinary trends with 20 activist psychologists and 159 undergraduates, the present author found a relationship between political persuasion and attitudes about reality. A relationship was also demonstrated between political conservatism and beliefs about biological determinism. (9 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Integrating sex and gender into school psychology.

Discusses the psychology of sex and gender in terms of issues and problems raised by J. L. Alpert et al, J. C. Conoley and K. Welch, and E. Jacobs and R. H. Meltzer (see PA, Vol 75:18336; 18338; and 16764, respectively). Discussion focuses on sex-related differences in the light of findings about the multiple roles of women in school psychology; the finding of behaviors that are often considered status- and gender-inconsistent for women in school psychology; and concerns raised by women's developmental needs and multiple roles. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)