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1.
A redundant multivalued logic is proposed for high-speed communication ICs. In this logic, serial binary data are received and converted into parallel redundant multivalued data. Then they are restored into parallel binary data. Because of the multivalued data conversion, this logic makes it possible to achieve higher operating speeds than that of a conventional binary logic. Using this logic, a 1:4 demultiplexer (DEMUX, serial-parallel converter) IC was fabricated using a 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS process. The IC achieved an operating speed of 10 Gb/s with a supply voltage of only 1.3 V and with power consumption of 38 mW. This logic may achieve CMOS communication ICs with an operating speed several times greater than 10 Gb/s.  相似文献   
2.
We propose an optically clocked transistor array optoelectronic integrated circuit (OEIC) for both serial-to-parallel and parallel-to-serial conversion (demux/mux), enabling an interface between high-speed asynchronous burst optical labels and CMOS circuitry for optical label swapping. Dual functionality of the OEIC reduces size, power, and cost of the optical label swapper. The capability for greater than 20-Gb/s conversion operation is demonstrated.  相似文献   
3.
For the preliminary screening of mutagens, a novel microbial sensor system was developed utilizing a phage induction test. Escherichia coli lysogenic strain GY5027 and nonlysogenic strain GY5026 were used in this study. The number of living cells was determined by measuring the respiration of cells immobilized onto an oxygen electrode. The injection of a mutagen, such as AF-2 and MNNG, caused the phage induction in the lysogenic strain, resulting in the decreased respiration of only the lysogenic strain immobilized onto the oxygen electrode but not of nonlysogenic strain. The rate of current increase correlated well with the concentration of mutagens. The sensor responses to the antibiotics and bactericides were definitely different from those of mutagens. Therefore, utilization of this microbial sensor system makes possible the estimation of a substrate's mutagenicity.  相似文献   
4.
We compared the acetazolamide challenge test using 99mTc-ECD SPECT and 123I-IMP SPECT images in patients with chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease. We also evaluated the usefulness of linearization correction for acetazolamide challenge test of 99mTc-ECD SPECT. METHODS: Twenty patients with unilateral chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease (10 patients had middle cerebral arterial lesion and 10 had internal carotid lesion) were included in the study. Split-dose (a dose fractioning was 1:2), and sequential SPECT technique was used for 99mTc-ECD SPECT studies while only acetazolamide challenge test studies for 123I-IMP SPECT were performed. Permeability surface area product model (PS model) and back-diffusion model (Lassen's correction) were used for linearization correction of acetazolamide challenge with 99mTc-ECD SPECT. RESULTS: Six of 16 patients with reduced vasodilatory capacity in 123I-IMP SPECT were underestimated by 99mTc-ECD SPECT acetazolamide challenge test. Relative ECD uptake normalized by cerebellar uptake compared with IMP uptake showed a nonlinear relationship, indicating relatively less uptake in high flow range. The underestimations of limited vasodilatory capacity observed in 99mTc-ECD SPECT without linearization correction was modified by linearization algorithm. However, the effect of correction based on PS model was superior than that of Lassen's correction. The corrected 99mTc-ECD uptake ratio, based on PS model, and IMP uptake ratio demonstrated a better linear relationship than that of Lassen's correction. CONCLUSION: Technetium-99m ECD SPECT corrected based on the PS model is a better method of linearization for evaluating cerebrovascular reserve using acetazolamide challenge.  相似文献   
5.
The excretion of methoxyphenamine (MOP) and methamphetamine (MA) into beards has been studied. Six healthy male subjects orally took 50 mg of MOP at a single dose and 7 doses for a successive 7 days. Their beard hairs were collected by an electric shaver every morning until MOP disappeared from the beard. After washing with 0.1% SDS, the beard samples were extracted with methanol-5 N HCl (20:1) under ultra-sonication for 1 h and the solution was kept overnight. MOP in the extract was determined by GC/MS using deuterium labelled MOP as an internal standard after trifluoroacetyl-derivatization. The drug concentrations in beard and the reproducibility of analysis were compared with the three procedures, unwashed, 0.1% SDS (wash I) and the additional ethanol (wash II) wash. The drug concentration in beard after SDS wash was 0.5-2.5 ng/mg lower than that in unwashed beard during the first 5-6 days. The drug concentration in beard after ethanol wash was much lower than that in the unwashed beard. The drug excreted into beard was detected 10 approximately 12 days for a single dose and 12-14 days for 7 doses after the last dosage at the cut off level of 1 ng/mg. On the contrary, the drug excreted in urine was not detected after more than 3 days after use. O-Desmethyl MOP, a major metabolite of MOP, was also detected in beard. The procedures were applied to the detection of MA in beard of MA abusers. It was realized that a beard sample was more useful than a urine sample assuming a longer detection.  相似文献   
6.
A rare case of hepatoblastoma in a 61-year-old Japanese housewife is described. This liver tumor mainly consisted of two tissue components: embryonal hepatocytes and primitive mesenchymal tissue. Fetal hepatocytes with alpha-fetoprotein production, gland formation, cartilage and osteoid were also found in a small portion. Molecular analysis by slot blot method revealed increased copy numbers of c-met and K-sam proto-oncogenes and cyclin D1 genes. These findings suggest that alterations of these oncogenes might play a role in the development of adult hepatoblastoma.  相似文献   
7.
Thin film formation of graphite by chemical vapor deposition using 2-methyl-1,2′-naphthyl ketone as a starting material was carried out on Ni film substrates. On Ni films directly deposited on quartz glass, the graphite films were obtained when the Ni film thickness was above 1 000 Å and above 5 000 Å at 700 °C and 1 000 °C, respectively. Depositions on thinner Ni film substrates comprise amorphous carbon (a-C) or graphite tubes which was owing to the thermal coagulation of the Ni film into droplets. On the other hand, graphite film was obtained on the Ni film with thickness 10 Å when a-C was inserted between the Ni film and the quartz glass. The coagulation of the Ni film is considered to be avoided by inserting a-C layer.  相似文献   
8.
Anodic oxidation effects on the structure of the basal and edge surfaces of pyrolytic graphite in alkaline electrolytes have been studied. Laser Raman spectroscopy, a gas-phase chemical modification method, coupled with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion-mass spectroscopy techniques, were used. Anodic oxidation of the surfaces of pyrolytic graphite in alkaline electrolytes does not cause destruction of their surface structure, even at a higher level of treatment, unlike oxidation of acid electrolytes. In alkaline electrolytes, the number of hydroxyl groups added on the edge surface gradually increases with the increase in treatment level, whereas the number of carboxyl groups does not increase. It was found that anodic oxidation in alkaline electrolytes has a wider permitted range of treatment, in which hydroxyl groups can be added without destroying the edge surface structure, than that found in acid electrolytes. On the other hand, the number of hydroxyl groups added by treating with alkaline electrolytes is smaller than that with acid electrolytes. At a higher treatment level with acid electrolytes, oxidation occurs, even to a depth of 40 nm from the edge surface, whereas with alkaline electrolytes, oxidation occurs only at the surface. On the basis of these results, the effects of electrolytes on the adhesion between carbon fibres and epoxy resin matrix are discussed.  相似文献   
9.
A unified analysis of resonant converters   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
The general method of analysis for resonant power converters is presented. This analytical method generalizes the idea of state-space-averaging technique to overcome the limitations of the conventional state-space-averaging method. As the result, the characteristics of resonant power converters are clarified so that transfer functions and stability conditions are revealed. In addition, a computer program of analysis based on the proposed method is developed. The program can be applied to various resonant power converters, even when they have parasitic losses and higher-order resonant circuits  相似文献   
10.
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