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Ni-on Saelim Rathanawan Magaraphan Thammanoon Sreethawong 《Ceramics International》2011,37(2):659-663
TiO2/modified natural bentonite clay semiconductor, as a potential electrode of dye-sensitized solar cell, having a Ti:Si molar ratio of 85:15 was, for the first time, compared with pure TiO2 (commercial P25) electrode in terms of solar cell efficiency and characteristics. 4-Chloro-2,5-difluorobenzoic acid and 4-(chloromethyl)benzoyl chloride were added to the electrodes to increase light harvesting ability of natural dyes extracted from red cabbage, rosella, and blue pea. The results showed that the TiO2/clay semiconductor provided a higher surface area but a slightly lower efficiency than the pure TiO2. The best natural sensitizer was found to be the dye extracted from red cabbage. Besides, the 4-(chloromethyl)benzoyl chloride provided a higher short circuit current for the TiO2/clay semiconductor. 相似文献
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Ni-on Saelim Rathanawan Magaraphan Thammanoon Sreethawong 《Energy Conversion and Management》2011,52(8-9):2815-2818
The sol–gel TiO2/purified natural clay electrodes having Ti:Si molar ratios of 95:5 and 90:10 were initially prepared, sensitized with natural red cabbage dye, and compared to the sol–gel TiO2 electrode in terms of physicochemical characteristics and solar cell efficiency. The results showed that the increase in purified Na-bentonite content greatly increased the specific surface area and total pore volume of the prepared sol–gel TiO2/purified Na-bentonite composites because the clay platelets prevented TiO2 particle agglomeration. The sol–gel TiO2/5 mol% Si purified Na-bentonite and sol–gel TiO2/10 mol% Si purified Na-bentonite composites could increase the film thickness of solar cells without cracking when they were coated as a scattering layer on the TiO2 semiconductor-based film, leading to increasing the efficiency of the natural dye-sensitized solar cells in this work. 相似文献
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The rates of desulfurization of Fe-O-S melts by CaO crucibles and by CaO-saturated liquid iron oxide have been measured at
1600 ‡C. It was found that irons containing 1.62 wt pct and 0.64 wt pct sulfur and 0.070 wt pct oxygen are desulfurized by
a reaction with the containing CaO crucible which does not involve the formation of a CaS product layer. The rate of desulfurization
reaction is controlled by diffusion of sulfur in the iron melt, and a value of 6.7 ±1.7 × 10-5 cm2 per second was obtained for the diffusion coefficient of sulfur in liquid iron. Iron containing 0.088 wt pct sulfur and 0.070
wt pct oxygen is not desulfurized by solid CaO. The rate of desulfurization of liquid iron containing 0.088 wt pct sulfur
and 0.070 wt pct oxygen by CaO-saturated liquid iron oxide is significantly greater than that calculated on the assumption
of diffusion control in the metal phase, and evidence is presented in support of speculation that the reaction rate is enhanced
by Marangoni turbulence at the slag-metal interface. The addition of 4 wt pct CaF2 to the CaO-saturated liquid iron oxide has no influence on the rate of desulfurization of the melt.
A. Saelim formerly Lecturer, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand 相似文献
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Chomchalao Pratthana Saelim Nuttawut Tiyaboonchai Waree 《Journal of Materials Science》2022,57(26):12522-12539
Journal of Materials Science - The objective of this study was to develop and characterize a novel combined systems of amphotericin B-loaded silk fibroin nanoparticles (AmB-FNPs) and in situ... 相似文献
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Phrao Basin is famous for its geothermal and seismic activities. There are five geothermal manifestations along the western margin of the basin. These geothermal sites are probably controlled by the major fault extending northward from the Sankamphaeng geothermal field. Geological, geochemical and geophysical studies, along with 2 boreholes of 150 m depth, were aimed at investigating the potential of this area. The results indicated that the intermediate depth of the geothermal reservoir may produce enough hot fluids for various uses, albeit on a small-scale. Several industries that could be attracted to Phrao Basin by development of these geothermal areas have been identified. 相似文献
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