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排序方式: 共有139条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The titanium carbides are potential candidates to achieve both high hardness and refractory property. We carried out a structural search for titanium carbides at three pressures of 0 GPa, 30 GPa and 50 GPa. A phase diagram of the Ti-C system at 0 K was obtained by elucidating formation enthalpies as a function of compositions, and their mechanical and metallic properties of titanium carbides were investigated systematically. We also discussed the relation of titanium concentration to the both mechanical and metallic properties of titanium carbides. It has been found that the average valence electron density and tractility improved at higher concentrations of titanium, while the degree of covalent bonding directionality decreased. To this effect, the hardness of titanium carbide decreases as the content of titanium increases. Our results indicated that the titanium content significantly affected the metallic properties of the Ti-C system. 相似文献
2.
Bioinspired Synthesis of CaCO3 Superstructures through a Novel Hydrogel Composite Membranes Mineralization Platform: A Comprehensive View
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3.
Kiran Ejaz Haleema Sadia Ghazna Zia Shabnam Nazir Abida Raza Shaukat Ali Tariq Iqbal Saiqa Andleeb 《IET nanobiotechnology / IET》2018,12(1):71
Infectious diseases are caused by etiological agents. Nanotechnology has been used to minimise the effect of clinical pathogens which have resistance to antibiotics. In current research synthesis, characterisation and biological activities of green synthesised nanoparticles using Artemisia vulgaris extract have been done. The characterisation of AgNPs was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV‐Vis spectrophotometry, and scanning electron microscopy. Anti‐biofilm, cell viability, antibacterial, brine shrimp lethality, and deoxyribonucleic acid protection effects have been screened. UV‐Vis spectra showed the absorption peak of synthesised nanoparticles at 400 nm. FT‐IR indicated the involvement of the functional group in the preparation of AgNPs. SEM showed the spherical shape of AgNPs with 30 nm diameter. Biological screening results revealed the antibacterial effect against clinical bacterial pathogens. Biofilm reduction and cell viability assay also supported the antibacterial effect. Cytotoxicity effect was recorded as 100% at 200 μg/ml through brine shrimp lethality assay. Protein kinase inhibition zones recorded for AgNPs (16 mm bald) compared with A. vulgaris extract (11 mm bald). It has been concluded that green synthesised AgNPs are more effective against infectious pathogens and could be used as a potential source for therapeutic drugs.Inspec keywords: cellular biophysics, toxicology, silver, nanoparticles, nanomedicine, diseases, microorganisms, ultraviolet spectra, visible spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectra, enzymes, molecular biophysicsOther keywords: biofilm reduction, cell proliferation, anthelmintic effect, cytotoxicity effect, green synthesised silver nanoparticle, Artemisia vulgaris extract, infectious diseases, aetiological agents, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV‐Vis spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, SEM, antibiofilm, cell viability, brine shrimp lethality, deoxyribonucleic acid protection effects, AgNP, cytotoxicity, protein kinase inhibition zones, therapeutic drugs 相似文献
4.
Maria Koutantji Peter McCulloch Shabnam Undre Sanjay Gautama Simon Cunniffe Nick Sevdalis Rachel Davis Piers Thomas Charles Vincent Ara Darzi 《Cognition, Technology & Work》2008,10(4):275-285
We developed a module for surgical team training using briefings in simulated crisis scenarios and here we report preliminary
findings. Nine surgical teams (34 trainees) participated in a pre-training simulation, followed by an interactive workshop
on briefing and checklists, and then a post-training simulation. Both technical and non-technical skills were assessed via
observation during simulations by expert trainers who provided feedback on performances at the end of simulation. Trainees
also reported their attitudes to briefings and evaluated the training. Pre-training attitudes to briefing were positive, some
of which improved post-training and trainees’ evaluation of the training was positive. Surgeons’ technical skill improved
significantly post-training, but their decision-making skill was rated lower than other non-technical skills, compared to
other trainees. The training did not appear to greatly improve non-technical skill performance. Training surgical teams in
simulation is feasible but much more work is needed on measurement development and training strategy to confirm its efficacy
and utility. 相似文献
5.
Integration of material composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties with geometry information enables design and analysis of materials and products in a computer-aided design (CAD) environment. In this paper, we propose a method for the construction of material models from microstructure images, that can be integrated into a heterogeneous CAD representation. The method utilizes Radon and wavelet transforms to compute a surfacelet representation. A novel feature recognition method was developed to identify microstructure features, including embedded fibers and grain boundaries, from the surfacelet representation. The models and methods were demonstrated with examples of synthetic and engineered polymer nanocomposites, a metal alloy, and a medical dataset of human feet. 相似文献
6.
7.
Shabnam Hasani Faramarz Doulati Ardejani Mohammad Ebrahim Olya 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2017,34(8):2265-2274
Adsorption of BR 18 dye onto nano-clay adsorbent was investigated. Nano-clay was characterized by using FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD and BET analysis. The percent removal increased by increasing nano-clay dose, while pH and stirring speed had no significant effect on the adsorption rate. It was observed that the uptake of dye onto nano-clay initially increased rapidly, and then decreased slowly until the equilibrium was reached. The adsorption capacity rose with an increase in temperature. Moreover, the adsorption kinetics was very fast and followed a pseudo second-order. The intra-particle diffusion was observed to be the rate-controlling step. In addition, equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir adsorption model. This paper also presents a numerical simulation incorporating the second-order kinetic expression using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The numerical modelling results and the experimental data were in excellent agreement. 相似文献
8.
We examined the antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolates from 300 meat products (raw beef, chicken meat and street foods). A total of 88 non-duplicate Salmonella from 66 (22.0%) retail meat and 22 (7.5%) street food samples were recovered and 11 serovars were identified. Among the 88 Salmonella isolates, the highest resistance was to tetracycline (73.8%), followed by sulfonamide (63.6%), streptomycin (57.9%), nalidixic acid (44.3%), trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (19.3%), ampicillin (17.0%), chloramphenicol (10.2%), cephalotin (8.0%), kanamycin (6.8%), ciprofloxacin (2.2%) gentamycin (2.2%), cefoxitin (2.2%), amoxicillin–clavulanate (1.0%) and amikacin (1.0%). Sixty-seven percent of the isolates (59/88) were multidrug resistant (MDR). Ten out of 17 resistance genes (blaTEM-1, strA, strB, aadA, sulI, sulII, tetA, tetB, floR, cmlA) were detected. Twelve of the 59 MDR Salmonella isolates from serovars Typhimurium (6), Newport (3), Agona (1), Albany (1) and Weltevreden (1) had class 1 integrons. The gene cassettes identified were dfrA1, dfrV, dfrA12, aadA2, sul1 genes and an open reading frame orfC of unknown function. Four integron-positive isolates could transfer resistance phenotypes to the recipient strain, E. coli J53 via conjugation. These data revealed that the Salmonella isolates recovered from the retail meats and cooked street foods were resistant to multiple antimicrobials, which can be transmitted to humans through food products. The occurrence of mobile genetic elements such as integrons reiterates the roles of food of animal origins as a reservoir of MDR Salmonella. 相似文献
9.
10.
In the present investigation, a microbial consortium consisting of four bacterial strains was selected for the treatment of pharmaceutical industry wastewater. The consortium was immobilized on a natural support matrix-Luffa and used for the treatment of real-time pharmaceutical wastewater in batch and continuous processes. The batch process was carried out to optimize the culture conditions and monitor the enzymatic activity. An array of enzymes such as alcohol dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, monooxygenase, catechol 2,3-dioxygenase and hydroquinol 1,2-dioxygenase were produced by the consortium. The kinetics of the degradation in the batch process was analyzed and it was noted to be a first-order reaction. For the continuous study, an aerobic fixed-film bioreactor (AFFBR) was utilized for a period of 61 days with variable hydraulic retention time (HRT) and organic loading rate (OLR). The immobilized microbes treated the wastewater by reducing the COD, phenolic contaminants and suspended solids. The OLR ranged between (0.56 ± 0.05) kg COD·m-3 d-1 to 3.35 kg COD·m-3·d-1 and the system achieved an average reduction of 96.8% of COD, 92.6% of phenolic compounds and 95.2% of suspended solids. Kinetics of the continuous process was interpreted by three different models, where the modified Stover Kincannon model and the Grau second-order model proved to be best fit for the degradation reaction with the constant for saturation value, KL being 95.12 g·L-1·d-1, the constant for maximum utilization of the substrate Umax being 90.01 g·L-1 d-1 and substrate removal constant KY was 1.074 d-1 for both the models. GC-MS analysis confirmed that most of the organic contaminants were degraded into innocuous metabolites. 相似文献