引入佳点集和猴群翻过程的人工蜂群算法

针对人工蜂群算法存在早熟现象和搜索过程容易陷入局部最优的缺陷,提出一种引入佳点集和猴群翻过程的改进人工蜂群算法。首先利用佳点集方法构造均匀的初始种群,通过保持种群的多样性,在一定程度上避免早熟现象,加快算法的收敛速度。然后学习猴群算法的翻过程,在寻优过程中使种群的搜索区域进行转移,从而跳出局部最优,得到全局最优解。在经典测试函数和CEC05测试函数集上的实验结果表明,与标准人工蜂群算法以及其它改进算法相比,算法性能优越,具有很强的鲁棒性和快速收敛的能力,且有效避免陷入局部最优。     

(Metal yolk)/(porous ceria shell) nanostructures for high-performance plasmonic photocatalysis under visible light

We describe a route to the preparation of (metal yolk)/(porous ceria shell) nanostructures through the heterogeneous growth of ceria on porous metal nanoparticles followed by the calcination-induced shrinkage of the nanoparticles. The approach allows for the control of the ceria shell thickness, the metal yolk composition and size, which is difficult to realize through common templating approaches. The yolk/shell nanostructures with monometallic Pt and bimetallic PtAg yolks featuring plasmon-induced broadband light absorption in the visible region are rationally designed and constructed. The superior photocatalytic activities of the obtained nanostructures are demonstrated by the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol under visible light. The excellent activities are ascribed to the synergistic effects of the metal yolk and the ceria shell on the light absorption, electron-hole separation and efficient mass transfer. Our synthesis of the (metal yolk)/(porous ceria shell) nanostructures points out a way to the creation of sophisticated heteronanostructures for high-performance photocatalysis.

     

预应力固井技术研究及现场应用

随着油气勘探开发转向深部地层,固井面临井下地质情况复杂、温度高、温差大、压力高、多压力系统、高含硫和膏盐层等固井难题。固井中除了应用新型水泥浆体系、固井工具等技术措施外,还可从水泥石和套管金属的材料力学性质出发,利用水泥浆候凝期间静压与强度的关系和不同套管内压下与水泥石微间隙之间的关系,运用预应力固井技术,即采用大压差和环空憋压候凝增加水泥石早期强度、降低孔隙度,降低或减弱套管的伸缩扩张带来的微间隙,提高一、二界面固井胶结质量。试验表明,所采取的预应力固井技术措施行之有效,能够显著提高固井质量,能够满足后续增产作业的要求。     

Preparation of methotrexate-loaded, large, highly-porous PLLA microspheres by a high-voltage electrostatic antisolvent process

A high-voltage (10 kV) electrostatic antisolvent process was used to prepare methotrexate (MTX)-loaded, large, highly-porous poly-l-lactide (PLLA) microspheres. MTX solution in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and PLLA solution in dichloromethane (DCM) were homogeneously mixed, and then ammonium bicarbonate (AB) aqueous solution was added. The mixed solution was emulsified by ultrasonication with Pluronic F127 (PF127) as an emulsion stabilizer. The emulsion was electrosprayed by the specific high-voltage apparatus and dropped into a 100 mL of ethanol, which acted as an antisolvent for the solute and extracted DMSO and DCM, causing the co-precipitation of PLLA and MTX, thus forming microspheres with AB aqueous micro-droplets uniformly inlaid. The obtained MTX–PLLA microspheres were subsequently lyophilized to obtain large, highly-porous MTX–PLLA microspheres, which exhibited an identifiable spherical shape and a rough surface furnished with open pores, with a mean particle size of 25.0 μm, mass median aerodynamic diameter of 3.1 ± 0.2 μm, fine-particle fraction of 57.1 ± 1.6 %, and porosity of 81.8 %; furthermore, they offered a sustained release of MTX. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform-infrared spectra revealed that no crystallinity or alteration of chemical structure occurred during the high-voltage electrostatic antisolvent process, which in this study was proved to have great potential for preparing highly-porous drug-loaded polymer microspheres for use in pulmonary drug delivery.     

新型稀土配位化合物的合成及性质研究

通过使用柔韧的六齿羧酸配体1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6-三胺基五二乙酸(H6ttha)溶剂热法制备的一个三维镧系金属有机架构[Tb(ttha)(H2O)4].9H2O(1)。同时,醋酸钠在形成1的反应系统中起着导向作用。化合物1有一个新的三维框架,建立在一维角共享三角十二面体TbO8和列π-π堆叠ttha阵列。在室温下,1的细窄的波段性质是典型的Tb(III)离子。     

油砂山油田原油集输管线中的硫酸钡锶结垢

油砂山油田注水井开发后原油集输管线一些区段结垢较为严重,对该油田的结垢情况进行了调查,采集了大量垢样,对结垢物进行了定性鉴定,定量分析,确定结垢物的主要组成分为硫酸钡锶,根据采用出水离子组成分析,地层岩石钡锶元素分析结果,初步判定采出水中结垢离子钡和锶并非来自地层岩石矿物,而是来自侵入地层的泥浆加重剂重晶石及天青石。     

基于Bell态的量子资源访问控制协议

在资源访问无处不在的互联网时代,如何做好对资源的访问控制具有重要的意义.本文利用二粒子纠缠态Bell态的纠缠特性,提出了基于Bell态的资源访问控制协议.该协议基于量子密钥分发（Quantum Key Distribution-QKD）,设计了一种利用不对等密钥（不经意密钥）实现的量子资源访问控制协议,同时实现了对资源请求方的身份认证.本文分析了该协议的安全性,证明了协议可以实现资源不被非法授权用户访问,以及特定授权用户只能访问特定资源.     

基于超声波的预应力波纹管注浆密实性与空洞部位检测技术

为了探索超声波对波纹管注浆密实性与空洞部位的检测能力,先采用弹性波对注浆波纹管及混凝土(即避开波纹管)进行检测,通过数据对比分析,判断出存在缺陷的波纹管;再采用超声波对存在缺陷的波纹管进行检测,对检测数据进行分析研究,判断缺陷在波纹管中的具体位置及大小。试验梁的验证结果表明,用该方法判断出的空洞位置及大小与实际设缺情况基本一致,因此用该方法检测预应力波纹管注浆密实性与空洞部位是可行的,从而为波纹管注浆检测提供了理论指导。     

A new approximate solution for chlorine concentration decay in pipes

Biswas et al. (1993. A model for chlorine concentration decay in pipes. Water Res. 27(12), 1715-1724) presented an analytical solution of a two-dimensional (2-D) steady-state chlorine transport equation in a pipe under the turbulent condition and employed fractional error function and regression technique to develop an approximate solution. However, their approximate solution may not give a good result if the wall decay parameter is large. This paper provides a more accurate approximate solution of the 2-D steady-state chlorine transport equation under the turbulent condition. This new approximate solution has advantages of easy evaluation and good accuracy when compared with the approximate solution given by Biswas et al. (1993). In addition, this paper also develops a methodology that combines simulated annealing (SA) with this new approximate solution to determine the wall decay parameter. Two cases are chosen to demonstrate the application of the present approximate solution and methodology. The first case is to use this new approximate solution in simulating chlorine decay in pipes with the experiment-observed data given by Rossman (2006. The effect of advanced treatment on chlorine decay in metallic pipes. Water Res. 40(13), 2493-2502), while the second case presents the determination of the wall consumption at the end of the pipe network.     

电沉积NiHCF薄膜在碱土金属溶液中的电控离子分离性能

采用电沉积方法在铂基体上制备出电活性NiHCF(Nickel Hexacyanoferrate)薄膜,在碱土金属溶液中考察了薄膜电极对碱土金属离子的电控离子分离性能.通过循环伏安法在0.1mol·L-1Mg(NO3)2、Ca(NO3)2、Sr(NO3)2和Ba(NO3)2溶液中可逆置入和释放碱土金属离子,比较了不同溶液中NiHCF膜电极的电活性、电化学行为和离子的置入机制;在0.1mol·L-1[Mg(NO3)z Ba(NO3)2]混合溶液中结合电化学石英晶体微天平(EQCM)原位检测了不同浓度下膜电极氧化还原过程中的伏安特性曲线和频率响应,分析了薄膜对Mg/Ba离子的选择性;并通过XPS测定了氧化还原状态下NiHCF膜的化学组成及元素价态.结果表明,NiHCF膜在二价碱土金属溶液中具有可逆的离子交换行为,对Ba2 离子的选择性大于Mg2 离子,通过电控离子分离方法可以实现碱土金属离子的有效分离.