Modeling Power Supply Noise in Delay Testing

Excessive power supply noise during test can cause overkill. This article discusses two models for supply noise in delay testing and their application to test compaction. The proposed noise models avoid complicated power network analysis, making them much faster than existing power noise analysis tools. can cause performance degradation and     

Direction prediction for avoiding occlusion in visual surveillance

Occurrence of occlusion while providing visual surveillance leads to anarchy as the track of the subject under motion may be lost. This often results into the failure of the surveillance system. The approach of predicting motion of moving subjects and hence the chances of their mutual occlusion gives an upper hand to surveillance system to take in-time necessary action towards mitigation of loss of track during dynamic occlusion. Direction of motion of a moving subject plays a major role while studying its motion. Direction along with the velocity of a subject in a 3D plane completely describes the motion of any subject. This article proposes a model‘-based approach for direction prediction of a moving subject in a 3D global plane as acquired in a 2D camera plane. The proposed approach uses the eight discrete directions of motion as proposed in and models different directions. The proposed direction prediction method is experimentally verified with six different classifiers, i.e. regression analysis, simple logistic regression, MLP, k-NN, SVM and Bays classifier over existing as well as self-acquired databases. The initial simulation results are motivating as the overall accuracies achieved through different classifiers are of the range of 87–94 \(\%\), which advocates the suitability of the said approach.     

Anisotropic Materials for Skeletal‐Muscle‐Tissue Engineering

Repair of damaged skeletal‐muscle tissue is limited by the regenerative capacity of the native tissue. Current clinical approaches are not optimal for the treatment of large volumetric skeletal‐muscle loss. As an alternative, tissue engineering represents a promising approach for the functional restoration of damaged muscle tissue. A typical tissue‐engineering process involves the design and fabrication of a scaffold that closely mimics the native skeletal‐muscle extracellular matrix (ECM), allowing organization of cells into a physiologically relevant 3D architecture. In particular, anisotropic materials that mimic the morphology of the native skeletal‐muscle ECM, can be fabricated using various biocompatible materials to guide cell alignment, elongation, proliferation, and differentiation into myotubes. Here, an overview of fundamental concepts associated with muscle‐tissue engineering and the current status of muscle‐tissue‐engineering approaches is provided. Recent advances in the development of anisotropic scaffolds with micro‐ or nanoscale features are reviewed, and how scaffold topographical, mechanical, and biochemical cues correlate to observed cellular function and phenotype development is examined. Finally, some recent developments in both the design and utility of anisotropic materials in skeletal‐muscle‐tissue engineering are highlighted, along with their potential impact on future research and clinical applications.     

IIR system identification using cat swarm optimization

Conventional derivative based learning rule poses stability problem when used in adaptive identification of infinite impulse response (IIR) systems. In addition the performance of these methods substantially deteriorates when reduced order adaptive models are used for such identification. In this paper the IIR system identification task is formulated as an optimization problem and a recently introduced cat swarm optimization (CSO) is used to develop a new population based learning rule for the model. Both actual and reduced order identification of few benchmarked IIR plants is carried out through simulation study. The results demonstrate superior identification performance of the new method compared to that achieved by genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) based identification.     

Video traffic analytics for large scale surveillance

The video traffic analysis is the most important issue for large scale surveillance. In the large scale surveillance system, huge amount of live digital video data is submitted to the storage servers through the number of externally connected scalable components. The system also contains huge amount of popular and unpopular old videos in the archived storage servers. The video data is delivered to the viewers, partly or completely on demand through a compact system. In real time, huge amount of video data is imported to the viewer’s node for various analysis purposes. The viewers use a number of interactive operations during the real time tracking suspect. The compact video on demand system is used in peer to peer mesh type hybrid architecture. The chunk of video objects move fast through the real time generated compact topological space. Video traffic analytics is required to transfer compressed multimedia data efficiently. In this work, we present a dynamically developed topological space, using mixed strategy by game approach to move the video traffic faster. The simulation results are well addressed in real life scenario.     

Flow separation in a viscous parabolic shear past a sphere

Summary Axisymmetric parabolic shear flow past a spinning sphere in an unbounded viscous medium is considered using the matching technique and taking the non-uniform shear as the dominant feature, where the Reynolds number based on parabolic shearR _e 1 and the rotational Reynolds number based on the angular rotation of the sphereR ₀1 are such thatR ₀ ²/R _e =O(1). Forces on the body are calculated and flow separation from the boundary is studied. Coalescion of two wakes or detachment of a wake into two are observed, depending on the increase in magnitudeU of the free stream for a fixedR ₀ ²/R _e or increase inR ₀ ²/R _e for a fixedU respectively.With 8 Figures     

Design of a Stable DC Voltage Source and Computer Controlling of It Using an Indigenously Developed All-Digital Addressing-Cum-Control Hardware

We have developed a digitally operated addressing and control module (DACM) for addressing and controlling of equipment from a remote computer using a communication protocol developed in-house. This is useful for automation of an experiment that uses multiple equipment in a pre-decided synchronized manner. We also report design of a multipurpose high voltage direct current (DC) source that provides output of 0–100 V with an average stability of 1.90 (36) mV and has minimum step size of 3 mV. Operation of the DACM is examined by selecting the desired equipment, which in this case is the dc source, and remotely controlling its output from a computer. We also show that this can generate voltage with different waveforms within a 0–10 Hz frequency bandwidth. Such computer controlled ultra-stable high voltage sources tuneable to any arbitrary waveforms at low frequencies have many applications such as, driving a piezo for smooth scanning of laser frequencies, tuning length of a Fabry–Perot cavity, biasing of the electrodes in an ion trap and so on.     

Flow separation in a viscous parabolic shear past a cylinder

Low Reynolds number parabolic shear flow past a circular cylinder, placed asymetrically with its centre at a distance $\text{k}$ from the shear axis, is investigated employing matching technique. The analysis of flow separation indicates coalescion of wakes with increasing $\text{k}$. The drag is governed by a parameter λ which changes sign depending on the magnitude of $\text{k}$, while the torque is proportional to $\text{k}$. The case of a rotating cylinder including free rotation is also discussed.     

Function of magnesium aluminate hydrate and magnesium nitrate as MgO addition in crystal structure and grain size control of <Emphasis Type="Italic">α</Emphasis>-Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> during sintering

Chemically pure reactive alumina (α-Al₂O₃) which is commercially available was used for densification study in presence of widely accepted dopant MgO as additive. MgO was added both as spinel (MgAl₂O₄) forming precursor i.e. magnesium aluminate hydrate, and magnesium nitrate. Sintering investigations were conducted in the temperature range 1500–1600°C with 2 h soaking. Structural study of sintered pellets was carried out by extensive XRD analysis. Scanning electron mode SEM images of the specimens were considered to understand the effect of both types of additions. Addition of MgO within and beyond optimum amount had some effect on development of microstructure of sintered bodies. Densification, around 99% ρ _th, with fine grain microstructure was achieved. These different types of additions caused two distinct changes in crystal structure of alumina—one small contraction and the other expansion of unit cell parameters.     

Enumerating catastrophic fault patterns in VLSI arrays with both uni- and bidirectional links

Characterization of catastrophic fault patterns (CFPs) and their enumeration have been studied by several authors. Given a linear array with a set of bypass links, an important problem is how to count the number of CFPs. Enumeration of CFPs for two link redundancy G={1,g} has been solved for both unidirectional and bidirectional link cases. In this paper, we consider the more general case of link redundancy G={1,2,…,k,g}, 2k<g. Using random walk as a tool, we enumerate CFPs for both unidirectional and bidirectional cases.