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2.
Vera Sheinman Christiane Fellbaum Isaac Julien Peter Schulam Takenobu Tokunaga 《Language Resources and Evaluation》2013,47(3):797-816
We propose a new semantic relation for gradable adjectives in WordNet, which enriches the present, vague, similar relation with information on the degree or intensity with which different adjectives express a shared attribute. Using lexical-semantic patterns, we mine the Web for evidence of the relative strength of adjectives like “large”, “huge” and “gigantic” with respect to their attribute (“size”). The pairwise orderings we derive allow us to construct scales on which the adjectives are located. To represent the intensity relation among gradable adjectives in WordNet, we combine ordered scales with the current WordNet dumbbells based on the relation between a pair of central adjectives and a group of undifferentiated semantically similar adjectives. A new intensity relation links the adjectives in the dumbbells and their concurrent representation on scales. Besides capturing the semantics of gradable adjectives in a way that is both intuitively clear as well as consistent with corpus data, the introduction of an intensity relation would potentially result in several specific benefits for NLP. 相似文献
3.
Karayanni M. Papavassiliou G. Pissas M. Fardis M. Papagelis K. Prassides K. Takenobu T. Iwasa Y. 《Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism》2005,18(4):521-528
We report a11B NMR line shape and spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/(T
1
T)) study of pure and lightly carbon-doped MgB2−x
C
x
forx=0, 0.02, and 0.04, in the vortex state and in magnetic field of 23.5 kOe. We show that while pure MgB2 exhibits the magnetic field distribution from superposition of the normal and the Abrikosov state, slight replacement of
boron with carbon unveils the magnetic field distribution of the pure Abrikosov state. This indicates a considerable increase
ofH
c
2/c
with carbon doping with respect to pure MgB2. The spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/(T
1
T) demonstrates clearly the presence of a coherence peak right belowT
c in pure MgB2, followed by a typical BCS decrease on cooling. However, at temperatures lower than ≈10 K strong deviation from the BCS behavior
is observed, probably from residual contribution of the vortex dynamics. In the carbon-doped systems both the coherence peak
and the BCS temperature dependence of 1/(T
1
T) weaken, an effect attributed to the gradual shrinking of the σ hole cylinders of the Fermi surface with electron doping. 相似文献
4.
M. Karayanni G. Papavassiliou M. Pissas M. Fardis K. Papagelis K. Prassides T. Takenobu Y. Iwasa 《Journal of Superconductivity》2005,18(4):521-528
We report a 11B NMR line shape and spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/(T1T))(1/(T_1T)) study of pure and lightly carbon-doped MgB2-xCx_{2-x}{\rm C}_x for x = 0,0.02x = 0,0.02, and 0.04, in the vortex state and in magnetic field of 23.5 kOe. We show that while pure MgB2_2 exhibits the magnetic field distribution from superposition of the normal and the Abrikosov state, slight replacement of
boron with carbon unveils the magnetic field distribution of the pure Abrikosov state. This indicates a considerable increase
of Hcc2H^c_{c2} with carbon doping with respect to pure MgB2_2. The spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/(T1T)1/(T_1T) demonstrates clearly the presence of a coherence peak right below TcT_{\rm c} in pure MgB2_2, followed by a typical BCS decrease on cooling. However, at temperatures lower than ?\approx 10 K strong deviation from the BCS behavior is observed, probably from residual contribution of the vortex dynamics. In the
carbon-doped systems both the coherence peak and the BCS temperature dependence of 1/(T1T)1/(T_1T) weaken, an effect attributed to the gradual shrinking of the σ hole cylinders of the Fermi surface with electron doping. 相似文献
5.
6.
Thermoplastic resins are typically used without any kind of physical aging treatment. For such materials, creep behavior and physical aging, which depend on time and temperature, occur simultaneously. The effects of these processes are evident after quenching and are recorded in the material as a thermal history. This history strongly influences mechanical properties and creep behavior in particular. Thus, a more thorough understanding of the physical aging process is desirable. We examined the creep deformation of polycarbonate (PC) to reveal the effects of physical aging on creep behavior. The effects were dependent on both time and temperature. The relationship between physical aging and creep behavior exemplified superposition principles with regard to time and both pre-test aging time and pre-test aging temperature. The superposition principles allowed the calculation of creep deformations at a given temperature; the calculated results were corroborated by experimental data. 相似文献
7.
Soma Fukuzawa Takenobu Ogawa Kyuya Nakagawa Shuji Adachi 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2016,51(6):1516-1522
Wheat noodles were prepared using flour to which hydroxypropylated tapioca starch was added, and the effect of this addition on the moisture distribution within the noodles during cooking was examined using a digital image processing technique. The addition of the modified starch slightly increased the moisture content and narrowed the flat distribution near the noodle surface. The distribution features reflected the changes in the water absorption behaviour caused by the properties of the modified starch and the reduction in the gluten content. Addition of the modified starch lowered Young's modulus and the energy for 99% strain of the noodles in the texture analysis to, at maximum 35% and 65%, and decreased the breakability of the noodles. These changes in the moisture distribution and textural properties have been ascribed to changes in both the state of the starch granules near the surface and the structure of the gluten network. 相似文献
8.
This study aimed at investigating the effect of drying conditions on spaghetti properties, i.e., its color, surface structure, rupture strength, rehydration characteristics, texture, and sauce retention capacity. The effects of temperature and humidity were independently examined under constant drying conditions, which were compared to those applied industrially, where the temperature and relative humidity are changed stepwise with time. The knowledge obtained in this study is considered useful for reasonably determining the drying conditions for producing spaghetti with desired properties. 相似文献
9.
Genichi Shigesato Taishi Fujishiro Takuya Hara 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2014,45(4):1876-1882
The boron concentration profiles around prior austenite grain boundaries in Fe-0.05C-0.5Mo-0.001B (mass pct) are examined using aberration-corrected STEM-EELS. In order to obtain the precise distribution of boron around the boundaries, tilt series measurements with thin specimens (<30 nm) are performed and the EEL spectra are analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and multivariate curve resolution (MCR). The boron concentration profile changes with the cooling rate from the solid solution temperature. The concentration at grain boundaries is maximized at a medium rate (30 °C/s), where the concentration reaches 8 at. pct, and it decreases at a larger (250 °C/s) or smaller (5 °C/s) rate. On the other hand, the boron distribution becomes wider as the cooling rate becomes smaller. The current results suggest that the boron segregation in the alloy is formed by the “non-equilibrium segregation mechanism.” 相似文献
10.
Satoru Shindo Irma Josefina Savitri Takenobu Ishii Atsushi Ikeda Roodelyne Pierrelus Alireza Heidari Keisuke Okubo Shin Nakamura Umadevi Kandalam Mohamad Rawas-Qalaji Elizabeth Leon Maria Rita Pastore Patrick Hardigan Toshihisa Kawai 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(6)
Effects of the antiosteoblastogenesis factor Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D), expressed by thrombin-activated platelets (TPs), on osteoblastogenesis, as well as osteoclastogenesis, were investigated in vitro. Intact platelets released both Sema4D and IGF-1. However, in response to stimulation with thrombin, platelets upregulated the release of Sema4D, but not IGF-1. Anti-Sema4D-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) upregulated TP-mediated osteoblastogenesis in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast precursors. MC3T3-E1 cells exposed to TPs induced phosphorylation of Akt and ERK further upregulated by the addition of anti-sema4D-mAb, suggesting the suppressive effects of TP-expressing Sema4D on osteoblastogenesis. On the other hand, TPs promoted RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis in the primary culture of bone-marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMMCs). Among the known three receptors of Sema4D, including Plexin B1, Plexin B2 and CD72, little Plexin B2 was detected, and no Plexin B1 was detected, but a high level of CD72 mRNA was detected in RANKL-stimulated BMMCs by qPCR. Both anti-Sema4D-mAb and anti-CD72-mAb suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorptive activity, suggesting that Sema4D released by TPs promotes osteoclastogenesis via ligation to a CD72 receptor. This study demonstrated that Sema4D released by TPs suppresses osteogenic activity and promotes osteoclastogenesis, suggesting the novel property of platelets in bone-remodeling processes. 相似文献