Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Freeze-Dried and Oven Dried Corn Gluten Meals

The physicochemical and functional properties of convection oven- and freeze-dried gluten meals of two corn varieties were evaluated. The physicochemical properties (water solubility index, water absorption index, Hunter color parameters, and bulk density) and functional properties (water absorption, oil absorption, least gelation concentration, protein solubility, and emulsification properties) of convection-oven and freeze-dried corn gluten meals were compared with each other and soy flour. Freeze-dried corn gluten meals was observed to have lower bulk density (0.244-0.263 kg/m³) and was lighter in color (high L and ΔE) compared to their counterpart convection oven-dried gluten meals. Freeze-dried gluten meals from both corn varieties showed significantly higher oil absorption, water absorption, pH, emulsification, and protein solubility compared to oven-dried corn gluten meals. The gluten meals from both corn varieties had lower water absorption and bulk density but higher oil absorption than soy flour, suggesting the hydrophobic nature of corn proteins. Corn gluten meals formed thin (pourable) emulsions compared to soy flour emulsions, which were thick salad dressing type. Freeze- and convection oven-dried corn gluten meals showed significantly lower protein solubility measured at different pH than soy flour.     

Study of automatic text summarization approaches in different languages

Artificial Intelligence Review - Nowadays we see huge amount of information is available on both, online and offline sources. For single topic we see hundreds of articles are available, containing...     

Viscometric studies of starch-g-polyacrylamide composites

Composites of starch-g-polyacrylamide, starch, and polyacrylamide have been prepared by gamma radiation-initiated polymerization of acrylamide in the presence of starch in aqueous medium. The polymerization was studied as a function of the (i) amount of water (ii) monomer concentration, and (iii) total dose. The optimum conditions for maximum conversion of the monomer to homopolymer and graft copolymer have been evaluated. Percentage of grafting of polyacrylamide could not be determined precisely as both the homopolymer and the graft are soluble in common solvents and all attempts to separate the graft from the homopolymer were unsuccessful. However, the formation of the starch-g-polyacrylamide copolymer was confirmed by the turbidimetric studies using acetone as a nonsolvent. The products of polymerization of acrylamide in the presence of starch consisted of unreacted starch, starch-g-polyacrylamide, and polyacrylamide and is referred to as the composite. Acrylamide was also polymerized in the absence of starch using γ-rays as means of initiation and the optimum conditions for maximum conversion of acrylamide to polyacrylamide have been evaluated. Viscosity behavior of the composite and polyacrylamide was studied in aqueous medium at 30±0.04°C. The reduced specific viscosity of the aqueous solution of acrylamide and the composite as well was found to increase with increasing dilution, the effect being more pronounced in the composite. This tends to indicate that both the homopolymer and the composite behave as polyelectrolytes. An attempt has been made to explain the polyelectrolytic behavior of the homopolymer and the composite. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

An analytical drain current model for graded channel cylindrical/surrounding gate MOSFET

In the present paper, a comprehensive drain current model incorporating various effects such as drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL), channel length modulation and impact ionization has been developed for graded channel cylindrical/surrounding gate MOSFET (GC CGT/SGT) and the expressions for transconductance and drain conductance have been obtained. It is shown that GC design leads to drain current enhancement, reduced output conductance and improved breakdown voltage. The effectiveness of GC design was examined by comparing uniformly doped (UD) devices with GC devices of various L₁/L₂ ratios and doping concentrations and it was found that GC devices offer superior characteristics as compared to the UD devices. The results so obtained have been compared with those obtained from 3D device simulator ATLAS and are found to be in good agreement.     

Combating/eliminating dispersion-induced fading using suppressed carrier link for OFDM signal

We investigate the performance of 20-GHz radio over fibre (RoF) system having orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) as radio signal using two modulation techniques – balanced detection for intensity modulation direct detection (IMDD) and coherent heterodyne detection suppressed carrier (SC) modulation. Dispersion-induced power fading is seen in conventional IMDD links due to the dependence of dispersion over frequency-dependent refractive index of the fibre. SC link is seen to compensate the power fading by terminating the direct current and even-order harmonics with the suppression of carrier along with balanced detection.     

Proteins and trypsin inhibitor activity of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub) seed

Proteins soluble in tris-acetate buffer (pH9.0) were fractionated by DEAE-cellulose, DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. The purified proteins which contained 5–6% carbohydrate, had molecular weights of 125 900 and 22 390 amu. The high molecular weight fraction was homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Proteins extracted in phosphate buffer (0.1M , pH7.6) when subjected to Sephadex G-200 gel chromatography were resolved into three fractions, all of which showed considerable trypsin inhibitor activity. Germination for 3 days reduced the trypsin inhibitor activity of the seed by about 30%.     

An Experimental Evaluation of Link Outage Due to Beam Wander in a Turbulent FSO Link

Wireless Personal Communications - Wireless communication using free space optics (FSO) is becoming attractive for data transmission purposes. However, the system performance gets affected by...     

MCPCN: Multi-hop Clustering Protocol Using Cache Nodes in WSN

Wireless Personal Communications - Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are becoming an imminent result for industrialization, tracking and various other applications. Sensor nodes are deployed in the...     

Tailoring of Electromagnetic Absorption in Substituted Hexaferrites from 8.2 GHz to 12.4 GHz

Journal of Electronic Materials - Microwave absorbers are an important topic of interest to mitigate electromagnetic interference. Here, we have investigated electromagnetic absorption properties...     

On the detection of Cardiac Arrhythmia with Principal Component Analysis

Wireless Personal Communications - The Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is used to record the electrical activity of heart. The subtle variations in ECG attributes are used by cardiologists for...