Spectroscopic, thermal and mechanical behavior of allylthiourea cadmium chloride single crystals

Allylthiourea cadmium chloride, a promising non-linear optical material was grown from aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the crystal is trigonal structure with R3C space group. The spectroscopic properties were investigated by recording the Fourier transform infrared and optical absorption spectra. The dielectric studies of the sample were carried out at varying temperatures in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 5 MHz. The thermal properties were studied using thermogravimetric analyses and photopyroelectric technique. It is evident from the thermal studies that the decomposition of the crystal begins around 200 °C. The microhardness test conducted on the grown crystal suggests that the crystal has a relatively high mechanical strength. The second harmonic generation efficiency of the crystal was studied and found to be nearly 1.5 times that of urea.     

Gamma ray-irradiated induced effects on SCN ligand-based MMTC single crystals for optoelectronic applications synthesized by SR method

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Nonlinear optical organometallic single crystal of manganese mercury thiocyanate (MMTC) has been grown by SR method in aqueous solution. The...     

Growth,characterizations, and the structural elucidation of diethyl-2-(3-oxoiso-1,3-dihydrobenzofuran-1-ylidene)malonate crystalline specimen for dielectric and electronic filters,thermal, optical,mechanical, and biomedical applications using conventional experimental and theoretical practices

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - The single crystals of diethyl-2-(3-oxoiso-1,3-dihydrobenzofuran-1-ylidene) malonate (D23DYM) were grown successfully and efficiently by the...     

Synthesis,growth and characterization of (tri) glycine barium chloride single crystal for applications in the domain of optoelectronics and photonics

The single crystal of (tri) glycine barium chloride, a semiorganic crystal has been grown from an aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. Glycine and barium chloride were used in molar ratio of 3:1 for synthesis. Good optical quality single crystal of size 18 × 10 × 5 mm³ was harvested in a period of 5 weeks (35 days) at pH value 5. The lattice parameters have been measured by single crystal XRD study. The crystalline nature has been confirmed by powder XRD study. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study confirmed the presence of functional groups in grown crystal. Transmission spectrum has been recorded and the cut-off wavelength has been determined as 234 nm. Also optical constants like band gap, refractive index, reflectance, extinction coefficient and electric susceptibility were determined from UV–Vis-NIR spectrum. The thermal behavior of the crystal was investigated by TG–DTA analysis, which reveals that crystal has thermally stable up to 169 °C. Non-linear optical property of the grown crystal has been confirmed using the Kurtz and Perry powder technique and result was compared with KDP. The dielectric behavior of the sample was analyzed with various frequencies at different temperatures. The photoconducting nature of the crystal was analyzed by photoconductivity study.     

Solvent Detection and Water Monitoring With a Macroporous Silicon Field-Effect Sensor

Integration of electrical and fluidic systems for the design and fabrication of a system-on-chip (SOC) capable of sensing various liquid phase solvents is reported. A monolithic integration strategy makes use of macroporous silicon (MPS) as a gateway to interface the electrical and fluidic domains. In this application, the MPS material, acting as a sensing membrane, is used in a flow-through structure to transport an analyte from fluidic channels on one side of the chip to sensing electrodes on the other. A fluid-oxide-semiconductor interface results in the modulation of a space charge region in the semiconductor where real-time measurements are used to detect and distinguish between the presences of various solvents. The fluidic system has delivered sample volumes as small as 2 mul. Selected test solvents (i.e. acetone, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, methanol, and toluene) have generated a measured change in capacitance up to 11%. A practical application of this sensor was demonstrated by monitoring various concentrations of isopropyl alcohol in a water supply. Undiluted samples provide characteristic responses that can be used for signature identification. The sensing device has a high degree of reusability and does not require heating or other solvent removal methods often necessitated in other sensing devices     

Synthesis,studies of 2-benzyl-amino-4-p-tolyl-6,7-di-hydro 5H-cyclo-penta–[b]pyridine-3 carbo-nitrile (BAPTDHCPCN) crystals for optical,photonic and mechano-electronic uses

2-benzyl-amino-4-P-tolyl-6,7-di-hydro 5H-cyclo-penta –[b]pyridine–3 carbo–nitrile—BAPTDHCPCAN crystal is grown by solution growth evaporation method and analysed for XRD, Unit Cell, Dielectric analysis, UV, Tauc’s plot and fluorescence and mechano studies. The single crystalline XRD data portrays the monoclinic nature of BAPTDHCPCAN with space group P2₁/c and a, b, c as 8.6828 Å, 17.7283 Å, 12.0403 Å with β as 94.254°. Chemical formula of crystal as C₂₃H₂₁N₃. The crystalline dimension is 14?×?12x7 mm³. The dielectric properties of the BAPTDHCPCAN have larger value at low range of frequencies. The phase matching effectiveness is analyzed and found to be 66 mV. The influx value of macro and thin film of BAPTDHCPCAN crystal is 4.2125 microns and 4.4336 microns as mid value before nano shaped influx. Absorption spectral two peaks centered at 248 nm at 325 nm, the band gap of crystal is calculated as 5.0 eV by photonic enhancement and the fluorescence represented emission for 399 nm. The BAPTDHCPCAN crystal is found to have represented –ve photoconductive nature. The BAPTDHCPCAN crystal specimen in of RISE [Reverse Indentation Size Effect] consequence with n greater than 2.

     

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Exacerbates Viral Entry in SARS-CoV2-Infected iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with high infectivity and mortality has caused severe social and economic impacts worldwide. Growing reports of COVID-19 patients with multi-organ damage indicated that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) may also disturb the cardiovascular system. Herein, we used human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (iCMs) as the in vitro platform to examine the consequence of SARS-CoV2 infection on iCMs. Differentiated iCMs expressed the primary SARS-CoV2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme-II (ACE2) and the transmembrane protease serine type 2 (TMPRSS2) receptor suggesting the susceptibility of iCMs to SARS-CoV2. Following the infection of iCMs with SARS-CoV2, the viral nucleocapsid (N) protein was detected in the host cells, demonstrating the successful infection. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the SARS-CoV2 infection upregulates several inflammation-related genes, including the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The pretreatment of iCMs with TNF-α for 24 h, significantly increased the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, SASR-CoV2 entry receptors. The TNF-α pretreatment enhanced the entry of GFP-expressing SARS-CoV2 pseudovirus into iCMs, and the neutralization of TNF-α ameliorated the TNF-α-enhanced viral entry. Collectively, SARS-CoV2 elevated TNF-α expression, which in turn enhanced the SARS-CoV2 viral entry. Our findings suggest that, TNF-α may participate in the cytokine storm and aggravate the myocardial damage in COVID-19 patients.     

Influence of Metallic Substitutions on the Optical and Mechanical Properties of NLO Benzoyl Glycine Crystals

Benzoyl glycine （BG） is a promising organic nonlinear optical （NLO） crystal, whose second harmonic generation （SHG） efficiency is much higher than that of KDP （potassium dihydrogen phosphate）. Single crystals of pure, Cu2＋ and Cd2＋ doped BG were grown by slow evaporation technique. Optically transparent and defect free single crystals of size up to 10 mm×15 mm×10 mm were harvested in a period of 40-60 days. The growth conditions of pure and doped crystals of BG were optimized and the grown crystals were confirmed by single crystal XRD （X-ray diffraction）. The grown crystals were characterized by FTIR （Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy）, optical absorption and microhardness studies. The microhardness studies confirm that BG has a moderate VHN （Vickers hardness number） value in comparison to the.other organic NLO crystals. The efficiency of frequency doubling was measured for the using Nd：YAG laser and the results were discussed.     

The fracture toughness of natural fibre- and glass fibre-reinforced SMC

The fracture toughness properties, in terms of stress intensity factor K_Ic and strain energy release rate G_Ic, of hemp fibre mat-reinforced sheet moulding compound (H-SMC) are measured using the compact tension (CT) method and compared with those of glass fibre-reinforced SMC (G-SMC). Three material parameters were considered for composite optimisation: fibre volume fraction, CaCO₃ filler content and hemp fibre surface treatments using either alkaline, silane or a combination of these two treatments. The highest fracture toughness for H-SMC composites was obtained at a fibre loading of around 30?vol.-%, while it was also shown that the fracture toughness properties of H-SMC are sensitive to mineral filler content. Surface treatment of the hemp fibres using a combined alkaline-silane treatment resulted in a significant improvement in fracture toughness of H-SMC composites. Optimised H-SMC composites exhibited fracture toughness properties similar to those of G-SMC at fibre contents of 20?vol.-%, with K_Ic values of around 6?MPa.m^?1/2.