Protoplast from <Emphasis Type="Italic">β</Emphasis>-carotene-producing fungus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Blakeslea trispora</Emphasis>: Preparation,regeneration and validation

The effects of key parameters on the preparation and regeneration of protoplast from the β-carotene-producing fungus Blakeslea trispora were discussed in this paper, including the combination of various enzymes, mycelial age, digesting time and temperature, pH value, osmotic stabilizers, pretreatment, culture medium and culture method. Under the condition of mixed enzymes in osmotic stabilizer (0.6 M NaCl) combined with 2% lysozyme, 3% cellulase and 3% snailase, the highest protoplast yield, as high as 7.48×106 protoplasts/mL, was obtained when mycelial age was 60 h at pH 5.0–6.0 with digesting for 14–16 h at 28 °C. After purification of the obtained protoplasts, they were regenerated in PDA regenerative medium using bilayer plate culture method. To validate the usability of the protoplasts, a novel plasmid with green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used in transformation for easy visual observation. The results showed that the protoplasts prepared by the optimized method were active and applicable in further gene manipulation experiments. This work was presented at 13 ^th YABEC symposium held at Seoul, Korea, October 20–22, 2007.     

pH对高氨废水限氧半亚硝化过程中N2O释放的影响

为获得半亚硝化系统中强温室气体N2O减量化释放的控制参数,采用SBR处理人工合成高氨废水(进水氨氮质量浓度约为600 mg·L-1),考察不同进水pH(7.5,8.0和8.5)对N2O释放特性的影响.结果表明,不同进水pH下均释放N2O,每个周期内N2O的释放量随进水pH的升高而减小.pH为7.5,8.0及8.5时,N2O释放量分别占进水氨氮的3.81%、2.35%和2.00%.当pH为7.5时,曝气初始50 min内,N2O释放速率先增大后减小,峰值速率为44.5μg·min-1·g-1,之后维持在16.5μg·min-1·g-1;当p H为8.0及8.5时,曝气初期N2O释放峰值速率分别为33.7,22.9μg·min-1·g-1,之后释放速率随pH降低和NO2-积累而逐渐增大.     

机床结构模块化设计中CAD模型与有限元模型的数据交换

提出了基于结构有限元静、动态特性分析的模块化设计的框架；针对设计系统CAD模型与有限元数据相互传送难点，根据不同情况，给出模型转换的实现方法：直接转换法、标准零件库方法和中心数据库方法，重点讨论了利用中心数据库进行数据传送的方法。     

HA—微孔钛基涂层种植体的复合强度

研究了羟基磷灰石(HA)和中性玻璃(G)的混合涂料在TC4多孔钛基体上的界面复合强度。探讨了中性玻璃含量、基体表面状态以及烧结工艺对这种涂层复合种植体的复合强度的影响。指出:复合的实质是中性玻璃与基体的润湿结合,最合适的玻璃含量为50 wt%,提高复合强度的关键,在于基体表面的TiN蒸镀处理,当TiN厚度为2～3 μm时,复合强度可达7.2 MPa。最佳烧结工艺为:900～950℃/30 min。     

一种懒惰式决策树和普通决策树结合的分类模型——半懒惰式决策树

懒惰式决策树分类是一种非常有效的分类方法。它从概念上为每一个测试实例建立一棵“最优”的决策树。但是,大多数的研究是基于小的数据集合之上。在大的数据集合上,它的分类速度慢、内存消耗大、易被噪声误导等缺点,影响了其分类性能。通过分析懒惰式决策树和普通决策树的分类原则,提出了一种新的决策树分类模型,Semi—LDtree。它生成的决策树的节点,如普通决策树一样,包含单变量分裂,但是叶子节点相当于一个懒惰式决策树分类器。这种分类模型保留了普通决策树良好的可解释性,实验结果表明它提高了分类速度和分类精确度,在某些分类任务上它的分类性能经常性地胜过两者,特别是在大的数据集合上。     

焊后时效处理对6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的影响

对6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头进行自然时效和人工时效处理,通过透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、拉伸实验机和显微硬度计对组织演变和力学性能进行研究。结果表明:人工时效处理后显微硬度比焊态和自然时效高10~25HV,提高焊核区和热机影响区硬度效果明显好于自然时效。经过焊后自然时效、人工时效的焊接接头力学性能得到一定程度的提升,人工时效析出相比自然时效析出相抗拉强度提高12%,延伸率降低9%,人工时效提高拉伸强度效果更明显。人工时效处理后,焊核区组织发生显著变化,NZ主要为GP区,经过人工时效后NZ强化效应随团簇和GP区尺寸增大及数量增多而加强。HAZ主要为粗大的β′,经过人工时效后变化不大,硬度基本保持不变。通过对微观组织进行研究发现析出物的形状由界面能和应变能决定。     

贝叶斯网络分类模型研究及其在信用评估中的应用

基于概率估计的贝叶斯及贝叶斯网络分类模型,拥有其它数据挖掘工具所不具备的优势。在分析贝叶斯及贝叶斯网络分类模型基础上,结合最小风险决策准则,提出了一种新的信用评估模型。在实际数据集上采用交叉验证方式进行了测试。实验结果表明基于最小风险决策准则的贝叶斯及贝叶斯网络分类模型可以有效地减少信用评估风险。     

A new view of fuzzy ideals in \Upgamma-rings

By means of a kind of new idea, we redefine fuzzy ideals and fuzzy interior ideals in a $\Upgamma$ -ring and investigate some of their related properties. In particular, we show that the regular and semisimple $\Upgamma$ -rings can be described by using these kinds of generalized fuzzy ideals.     

A Novel Crowbar Impulse Current Circuit for Testing the Switch-Type SPD

A crowbar impulse current circuit for testing the switch-type surge protective device （SPD） is presented. The crowbar circuit consists of a computer control circuit, a trigger voltage pulse generator, a main discharging switch, and a crowbar pseudospark switch. The active trigger technology was studied in the crowbar impulse current circuit. The circuit monitors the main discharging current and generates a trigger signal at a proper time for the crowbar pseudospark switch operation. The trigger characteristics of the main discharge switch and the crowbar pseu- dospark switch were investigated. By monitoring the preset applied capacitor voltage, the gap distance of the main discharging switch could be adjusted to ensure a discharging delay time less than 2 μs. Equipped with a surface ttashover trigger device made of high relative perimittivity dielectric material BaTiO3 （εr = 3460）, the discharge delay time of the crowbar pseudospark switch is less than 85 ns, and the minimum operating voltage is less than 1% of its self-breakdown voltage. With a storage capacitor of 9 μF , an inductor of 18 μH and a crowbar pseudospark switch, a load of 30 mΩ and an applied capacitor voltage of 40 kV, an impulse current waveform of maximum 25 kA was generated with a rise time and time to half peak value of 17.2 μs and 336μs respectively.     

基于SOFM和BP短期负荷预测方法

基于以自组织特征映射神经网络(Self-organizing feature map,SOFM)先聚类、神经网络再预测的模型以往多用在对疾病、天气方面的预测,由此提出了一种以SOFM与误差反向传播算法的神经网络(Back Propagation,BP)相组合应用为基本原理的短期电力负荷预测的组合模型。该模型主要基于SOFM网络的主要特性聚类,预先将训练样本集采取聚类分析,对其分为具有相似数据的若干子类,再根据每一子类构造一个BP网络模型。利用内蒙古自治区某市的实际日平均负荷数据进行仿真,证明了本文方法的有效性。