Nanovaccine-Mediated Cell Selective Delivery of Neoantigens Potentiating Adoptive Dendritic Cell Transfer for Personalized Immunization

Neoantigen vaccines and adoptive dendritic cell (DC) transfer are major clinical approaches to initiate personalized immunity in cancer patients. However, the immunization efficacy is largely limited by the in vivo trajectory including neoantigens’ access to resident DCs and DCs’ access to lymph nodes (LNs). Herein, an innovative strategy is proposed to improve personalized immunization through neoantigen-loaded nanovaccines synergized with adoptive DC transfer. It is found that it enables selective delivery of neoantigens to resident DCs and macrophages by coating cancer cell membranes onto neoantigen-loaded nanoparticles. In addition, the nanovaccines promote the secretion of chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL3, and C-X-C motif ligand 10 from macrophages, thus potentiating the access of transferred DCs to LNs. This immunization strategy enables coordinated delivery of identified neoantigens and autologous tumor lysate-derived undefined antigens, leading to initiation of antitumor T cell immunity in a personalized manner. It significantly inhibits tumor growth in prophylactic and established mouse tumor models. The findings provide a new vision for potentiating adoptive cell transfer by nanovaccines, which may open the door to a transformative possibility for improving personalized immunization.     

A comparative study on hygroscopic and physiochemical properties of chicken powders obtained by different drying methods

Abstract

Different drying methods (spray drying (SD), vacuum drying (VD), microwave vacuum drying (MVD), and infrared vacuum drying (IFVD)) were applied in order to compare the hygroscopicity behavior of chicken powders. The hygroscopicity curves and glass transition temperature were used to evaluate the influence of ambient humidity and temperature on moisture absorption of powders. The results showed that the chicken powder dried by MVD had the lowest moisture absorption, followed by IFVD, VD, and SD. The hygroscopicity of SD chicken powders was different from other three kinds of chicken powders due to the physical properties of particles and the changes of protein secondary structure as detected by the Fourier transform-infrared spectrometer. For the three vacuum drying methods, the difference of protein secondary structure was the main reason of differences in hygroscopicity. Although MVD chicken powders were slightly inferior to SD chicken powders in taste, MVD chicken powders were the best in terms of smell and color as suggested by instrumental sensory parameter evaluations. It was found that MVD had a positive effect on reducing moisture absorption and maintaining sensory quality of chicken powders.     

河南省灵宝市董家埝银矿原生晕特征及地质意义

董家埝银矿是豫西小秦岭矿集区南成矿带目前发现的唯一大型矿床。为了矿床深部勘查工作的顺利进行,了解有用元素在垂向上的变化规律,选用原生晕地球化学方法,通过典型矿床剖面的原生晕特征研究,实现对深部矿体变化趋势的判断。经计算,确定As、Sb、Ag、Au、Cu、Pb、Zn、Co和Mo等9种元素可作为指示元素,其中As和Sb为前缘晕指示元素,Ag、Au、Cu、Pb和Zn为近矿晕指示元素,Co和Mo为尾晕指示元素。分带指数和浓集指数2种方法计算得出的元素在分带序列上的位置总体趋势一致。用分带指数法确定的主矿体自上而下的原生晕轴向分带序列为Co-Mo-Cu-Au-Sb-Zn-Pb-Ag-As,出现"反分带"现象。结合原生晕地球化学参数变化特征、矿体剥蚀程度研究和理想模型,预测M1-I主矿体向深部仍有较大的延伸。研究成果可以为区域同类型矿化地质体深部的趋势判断和决策提供参考。     

不同折流板结构螺旋折流板换热器传热性能的比较(英文)

Numerical simulations were performed on flow and heat transfer performances of heat exchangers having six helical baffles of different baffle shapes and assembly configurations, i.e., two trisection baffle schemes, two quadrant baffle schemes, and two continuous helical baffle schemes. The temperature contour or the pressure contour and velocity contour plots with superimposed velocity vectors on meridian, transverse and unfolded concentric hexagonal slices are presented to obtain a full angular view. For the six helix baffled heat exchangers, the different patterns of the single vortex secondary flow and the shortcut leakage flow were depicted as wel as the heat transfer properties were compared. The results show that the optimum scheme among the six configurations is a circumferential overlap trisection helix baffled heat exchanger with a baffle incline angle of 20° (20°TCO) scheme with an anti-shortcut baffle structure, which exhibits the second highest pressure dropΔpo, the highest overal heat transfer coefficient K, shel-side heat transfer coefficient ho and shel-side average comprehensive index ho/Δpo.     

秸秆微晶纤维素用作片剂崩解剂的初步评价

对实验室自制秸秆微晶纤维素用作片剂崩解剂进行了初步评价。参照《中国药典》(2010版)中微晶纤维素的有关规定,评估自制秸秆微晶纤维素的质量;以阿司匹林为模型药物,以市售微晶纤维素(PH-101)为对照,测定秸秆微晶纤维素的溶胀性、崩解性。结果表明,自制的秸秆微晶纤维素质量符合《中国药典》有关规定,且溶胀性和崩解性优于市售微晶纤维素(PH-101),可用作片剂崩解剂。在秸秆微晶纤维素含量为20%时,崩解速度最快。     

噻吩在镍基非晶态合金上的吸附和脱附

应用静态吸附、动态吸附、程序升温脱附和程序升温还原等实验方法，考察了噻吩在Ni基非晶态合金上的吸附和脱附行为。常温下，噻吩分子首先吸附在清洁的Ni表面，并立刻被活化，发生氢解反应，C-S键断裂，释放出烃类部分，S留在Ni原子上。噻吩可以在Ni基非晶态合金表面发生强度不同的化学吸附。弱化学吸附的噻吩可以脱附；强化学吸附的噻吩不会脱附，而在高温下发生氢解反应。     

电子秤的抗干扰技术

在恶劣环境条件下使用的电子秤，常因环境因素使计量器具失去准确事，为了提高电子秤的抗干扰能力，需在硬件设计中采取抗干扰屏蔽技术、加强印刷电路板的设计，在软件设计中采取了数字滤波、软件陷阱、“看门狗”、指令冗余、输入/输出等，实际应用表明，硬、软件合理设计有效地克服了干扰对电子秤测量精度和可靠性的影响，提高了电子秤的可靠性。     

无掩模激光干涉光刻技术研究

介绍了一种不用掩模的光刻技术———激光干涉光刻技术的基本原理,给出了干涉光刻技术的主要特点及一些可能的应用,并对实验系统和初步实验结果进行了分析。研究表明,激光干涉光刻具有大视场和分辨率高和视场宽等优点。     

天津市水环境污染综合整治思路

天津市位于海河流域下游．历史上曾得益于海河丰沛的水资源，自进入20世纪70年代以后．由于流域内人口增长、经济发展、用水量增加，致使河流入境水量急剧减少。1983年引滦入津工程建成通水，天津城市缺水的局面暂时得到缓解，但引滦供水能力有限，供水保证率较低，1997～2000年连续干旱，引滦源头潘家口水库蓄水降至死库容以下。为解决天津城市缺水，2000年再次引黄济津。     

石油焦原料性质及炭化工艺对活性炭性能的影响

从分析石油焦原料着手，考察了其热解特性、孔隙率和石墨化程度。由于石油焦结构致密，属易石墨化碳，因此用水蒸气法直接活化得到的炭质材料吸附性能差，其碘吸附值小于350mg/g。不同来源的石油焦由于组成不同，其活化性能也有差异。通过成型法，以金山石油焦为原料轻预炭化、预氧化和炭化，得到炭化料，再用水蒸气活化得到的活性炭的碘吸附值达800.40mg/g、亚甲蓝值达120.40mg/g。以独山子石油焦为主要原料制得的活性炭的碘吸附值与亚甲蓝值分别达871．58mg/g、100..67mg/g。