以硅藻土为硅源制备SiC/堇青石复合多孔陶瓷的性能研究

以硅藻土为主要硅源,同时配合SiC、Al_2O_3、滑石粉末为主要原料,通过反应烧结技术制备SiC/堇青石复相多孔陶瓷,研究了不同原料配比对SiC/堇青石复相多孔陶瓷的相组成、显微结构、抗弯强度、气孔率的影响,同时在得出最优配比组的基础上,研究石墨造孔剂的含量、碳化硅颗粒粒径、孔径分布等因素对SiC/堇青石复相多孔陶瓷的影响。结果表明:当SiC与其余物料理论质量比为8∶2时,在1250℃下保温3h制备的样品综合性能最佳,其气孔率为37.721%,抗弯强度达到49.1887 MPa。     

基于Windows 9X系统下I~2C总线的软件实现

由于Ｉ２Ｃ总线接口的便捷经济,自从Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｓ公司提出以来就显示出它强大的生命力。该文提出了一种基于Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ ９Ｘ操作平台下Ｉ２Ｃ 总线的软件实现方法,并给出了一种微秒级定时器的实现方法。     

Effects of polysaccharides and polyphenolics fractions of Zijuan tea (Camellia sinensis var. kitamura) on α‐glucosidase activity and blood glucose level and glucose tolerance of hyperglycaemic mice

The effects of polysaccharides, theaflavins, thearubigins and theabrownin fractions of Zijuan tea on α‐glucosidase and blood glucose level and intolerance of hyperglycaemic mice were evaluated. The polysaccharides or theaflavins fraction exhibited greater inhibition rate of α‐glucosidase than acarbose positive control, thearubigins fraction or theabrownin fraction. The four fractions were delivered to the treatment mice through oval gavage each day for 15 days. The mice in polysaccharides and theaflavins high‐ and low‐dose and theabrownin high‐dose treatments significantly lowered their blood glucose levels while all the treatment mice gained body weight. The mice in polysaccharides, theaflavins and theabrownin high‐ and low‐dose treatments had greater glucose tolerance as well. Thus, the theaflavins and polysaccharides fractions of Zijuan tea effectively moderated the complications of hyperglycaemic mice. The lower effectiveness of thearubigins and theabrownin fractions may be caused by the highly polymerised polyphenolics which decreased their accessibility to α‐glucosidase and digestibility in mice.     

The development of semiconductor-ionic conductor composite electrolytes for fuel cells with symmetrical electrodes

Lowering the operational temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is a vital research challenge for achieving broad commercialization of SOFCs. However, there is currently a lack of suitable electrolyte materials with sufficient ionic conductivity. In this review, the recent progress in semiconductor-ionic conductor composite strategies and related key technologies for low temperature SOFCs (LT-SOFCs) applications is highlighted, in particular, emphasizing the demonstration of such composite materials sandwiched between semiconductor electrodes in a symmetrical configuration that has delivered a potent solution. Despite the co-existence of electronic and ionic conduction in the composite membrane, no electronic short-circuiting was displayed, but rather an enhanced device power output was achieved. Here, the recent progresses in the development of SOFCs, from single-layer fuel cells, to two-phase semiconductor-ionic conductor membrane fuel cells with symmetrical electrodes, are discussed. This review will furnish researchers within the SOFC community and beyond with a broader understanding of the theory, development and significance of composite materials for LT-SOFCs.     

MgO含量对微波高Q介电材料电性能与微观结构的影响

借助典型的固相反应烧结机制,研究了MgO含量对微波高品质因数瓷介材料微观结构与介电性能参数影响的规律。结果表明:高温烧结的镁钛系瓷介质中,随着MgO含量增加,Mg2TiO4晶相的含量逐渐降低、瓷体晶粒由尖晶石型演变为氯化钠型结构,对应的微波介电常数出现缓慢降低,在10.10~13.37范围连续可调。当x=16时,在1 525℃/2 h烧成,可获得性能优良的(2+x)MgO-TiO2陶瓷,其ρ=3.49 g·cm–3,εr=10.37,Q·f=118 747 GHz(f=10.47 GHz),τf=–53.35×10–6℃–1。     

国内高校重点实验室火箭发动机发展现状

火箭发动机技术是航天技术的重要组成部分,随着现代航天事业的发展,国内外开展了大量针对火箭发动机的研究工作.介绍国内高校重点实验室在液体火箭发动机、固体火箭发动机及电火箭发动机等方面的发展现状,为相关领域研究人员的预研、方案论证、设计、型号研制、发展规划等工作提供参考.     

Mechanical and thermal properties of light weight boron-mullite Al5BO9

Al₅BO₉ is a promising thermal sealing material for hypersonic vehicles due to its low density, theoretically predicted low shear modulus, and low thermal conductivity. However, experimental investigations on the mechanical and thermal properties of bulk Al₅BO₉ have not been carried out. Herein, we report the mechanical and thermal properties of bulk Al₅BO₉ prepared by spark plasma sintering of solid-state reaction synthesized Al₅BO₉ powders. The bulk (B), shear (G), and Young's (E) moduli are 148 GPa, 85 GPa, and 214 GPa, respectively, which are close to the theoretical values. The Pugh's ratio G/B is 0.574, indicating its intrinsic damage tolerance, which is also revealed by Hertzian contact test. The Vickers hardness (H_v) is 10.8 GPa, being lower than mullite. The flexural strength, compressive strength, and fracture toughness are, respectively, 277 ± 35 MPa, 814 ± 75 MPa, and 2.4 ± 0.3 MPa·m^1/2, which are close to those of mullite. Al₅BO₉ has anisotropic coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) in three crystallographic directions, ie α_a = (4.40 ± 0.21) × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹, α_b = (7.11 ± 0.18) × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹, α_c = (6.70 ± 0.29) × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ from Debye temperature to 1473 K, which are underpinned by its structural feature, ie lower α_a is resulted from the edge-shared AlO₆ octahedron chains along the [100] direction. The average CTE is (6.05 ± 0.06) × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹. The thermal conductivity declines with temperature as κ = 1336.39/T + 1.97, consisting with predicted trend from Slack's model. The low thermal conductivity and low density guarantee Al₅BO₉ a promising candidate as ceramic wafer in the seal structure for hypersonic vehicles.     

Comparisons and correlations of phenolic profiles and anti-oxidant activities of seventeen varieties of pineapple

Major phenolic, β-carotene, and ascorbic acid (AA) contents in 17 pineapple varieties were quantified and compared. Anti-oxidant activities were evaluated using 2,2-Diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP), and metal chelating capacity (MCC) assays. MD-2 exhibited the highest AA and total phenolic (TP) contents and DPPH and ABTS assay results, but was lower in β-carotene contents. Ripley had the highest total flavonoid (TF) content with a low AA content. Comte de Pairs exhibited the highest MCC and the lowest FRAP values. TP contents and both DPPH and ABTS activities, FRAP values and both AA contents and DPPH activities, and TF contents and ABTS activities were positively correlated. MD-2 exhibited the greatest diversity of phenolics and highest anti-oxidant activities in all assays. Information included herein can be useful for development of pineapple-based food products containing high levels of health promoting anti-oxidants.     

不同pH环境下CMS改性纳米铁在异质多孔介质中的迁移

纳米铁在污染土壤和地下水的修复中受到广泛关注。为进一步探究其在多孔介质的迁移行为,本研究采用羧甲基淀粉钠（CMS）对纳米零价铁（nZVI）进行包覆,进行了改性纳米零价铁的沉降试验,测量zeta电位与粒径分布探究其分散性;进行了不同pH条件下改性纳米零价铁在酸洗砂与水洗砂的柱实验,分析了化学异质性与pH对纳米铁在多孔介质迁移的影响。结果表明,CMS包覆纳米铁不仅使纳米颗粒本身稳定,而且还减少其在多孔介质表面沉积,大大提高了迁移性。pH=6～8时,nZVI的zeta电位由18.3mV减小到2.9mV,有效粒径由685nm增大到880nm,稳定性变差;而CMS-nZVI的zeta电位值由-19.7mV增大到-53.5mV,颗粒间静电排斥力增强稳定性变好。经能量色散X射线光谱（EDS）分析,水洗砂表面存在碳、铝、铁等氧化物杂质,这些杂质带有正电荷,会增强与带负电的CMS-nZVI的吸附作用,不利于其迁移;而经过酸洗后的石英砂,其表面杂质大大减少,在pH=8时,CMS-nZVI在酸洗砂最大迁移率为77.0%要好于水洗砂的63.0%。此外较高pH环境有助于增加石英砂介质的表面负电荷,减少颗粒与介质的吸附,促进纳米颗粒的迁移。     

A Bulk‑Heterostructure Nanocomposite Electrolyte of Ce0.8Sm0.2O2‑δ-SrTiO3 for Low‑Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Since colossal ionic conductivity was detected in the planar heterostructures consisting of fluorite and perovskite,heterostructures have drawn great research interest as potential electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs).However,so far,the practical uses of such promising material have failed to materialize in SOFCs due to the short circuit risk caused by SrTiO3.In this study,a series of fluorite/perovskite heterostructures made of Sm-doped CeO2 and SrTiO3(SDC–STO)are developed in a new bulk-heterostructure form and evaluated as electrolytes.The prepared cells exhibit a peak power density of 892 mW cm−2 along with open circuit voltage of 1.1 V at 550°C for the optimal composition of 4SDC–6STO.Further electrical studies reveal a high ionic conductivity of 0.05–0.14 S cm^−1 at 450–550°C,which shows remarkable enhancement compared to that of simplex SDC.Via AC impedance analysis,it has been shown that the small grain-boundary and electrode polarization resistances play the major roles in resulting in the superior performance.Furthermore,a Schottky junction effect is proposed by considering the work functions and electronic affinities to interpret the avoidance of short circuit in the SDC–STO cell.Our findings thus indicate a new insight to design electrolytes for low-temperature SOFCs.