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1.
Based on an analogy between thermodynamics and Bayesian inference,inverse halftoning was formulated using multiple halftone images based on Bayesian inference using the maximizer of the posterior marginal(MPM) estimate.Applying Monte Carlo simulation to a set of snapshots of the Q-Ising model,it was demonstrated that optimal performance is achieved around the Bayes-optimal condition within statistical uncertainty and that the performance of the Bayes-optimal solution is superior to that of the maximum-a-posteriori(MAP) estimation which is a deterministic limit of the MPM estimate.These properties were qualitatively confirmed by the mean-field theory using an infinite-range model established in statistical mechanics.Additionally,a practical and useful method was constructed using the statistical mechanical iterative method via the Bethe approximation.Numerical simulations for a 256-grayscale standard image show that Bethe approximation works as good as the MPM estimation if the parameters are set appropriately. 相似文献
2.
Extraction and implementation of muscle synergies in neuro-mechanical control of upper limb movement
Hang Pham Yohei Ariga Kenta Tominaga Takanori Oku Kanna Nakayama Mitsunori Uemura 《Advanced Robotics》2014,28(11):745-757
This work faces the redundancy problem, a central concern in robotics, in a particular force-producing task by using muscle synergies to simplify the control. We extracted muscle synergies from human electromyograph signals and interpreted the physical meaning of the identified muscle synergies. Based on the human analysis results, we hypothesized a novel control framework that can explain the mechanism of the human motor control. The framework was tested in controlling a pneumatic-driven robotic arm to perform a reaching task. This control method, which uses only two synergies as manipulated variables for driving antagonistic pneumatic artificial muscles to generate desired movements, would be useful to deal with the redundancy problem; thus, suggesting a simple but efficient control for human-like robots to work safely and compliantly with humans. 相似文献
3.
Free primary alcohols in oils and waxes from germs,kernels and other components of nuts,seeds, fruits and cereals 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Kazuko Kawanishi Kumlko Aoki Yohei Hashimoto Akira Matsunobu 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1991,68(11):869-872
The composition of free primary alcohols in oils and waxes obtained from the germ, kernel, seed coat, shell and skin (peel)
of various nuts, seeds, fruits and cereals and from the chrysalis of silkworm was examined. These alcohols are usually present
in small amounts, along with large quantities of hydrocarbons, esters and glycerides in oils and waxes. Thus, it is necessary
to remove hydrocarbons, esters and glycerides to analyze the alcohols. We found that preparative reverse-phase thin-layer
chromatography (TLC) was the best way to isolate alcohols from oils and waxes. Gas liquid chromatography (GLC) then detected
hexacosanol, octacosanol and triacontanol in the oils and waxes. Octacosanol usually was the predominant alcohol. Relationships
between the organs from nuts, seeds, fruits and cereals and the contents of octacosanol are suggested. For example, degermed
kernels contained two times more octacosanol than the germ, and the skin coat and shell contained one-half and one-fortieth
the octacosanol of the germ, respectively. 相似文献
4.
Pure bacterial homo poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers were prepared by melt spinning, followed by cold-drawing in an amorphous state at a temperature just above its glass transition temperature. Cold drawn fibers obtained were further drawn at higher temperatures, followed by annealing at various temperatures under tension. Relations among the processing conditions, higher order structures and mechanical properties were investigated using wide- and small-angle X-ray diffractions (WAXD and SAXD, respectively), birefringence, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile measurements. PHB has two different crystalline forms, 21 helix conformation (α-form) and planar zigzag conformation (β-form). A single broad reflection of β-form was detected even in a PHB fiber drawn once at a temperature just above its Tg immediately after quenching and it tended to be stronger after 2nd drawing at higher temperatures. Annealing under low temperature and high tension facilitates the occurrence of β-form. It is suggested that the β-form crystal is formed not only from the tie chains between α-form lamella, but also from completely free amorphous chains. Changes in the amount of two types of crystals were analyzed using the WAXD integrated intensity. Birefringence of these fibers shows negative and positive values, depending on process conditions. Changes in higher order structure on the mechanical properties are also discussed. 相似文献
5.
Yamauchi Toshihiro Akao Yohei Yoshitani Ryota Nakamura Yuichi Hashimoto Masaki 《International Journal of Information Security》2021,20(4):461-473
International Journal of Information Security - Cyberattacks, especially attacks that exploit operating system vulnerabilities, have been increasing in recent years. In particular, if administrator... 相似文献
6.
Go Kobayashi Hiroki Hatakeyama Kosuke Ota Yohei Nakada Takashi Kaburagi Takashi Matsumoto 《Multimedia Tools and Applications》2016,75(6):3081-3119
We attempted to predict activity/dominance for soccer games, where activity is defined as the degree of activity of the game as perceived by the viewer, whereas dominance is the degree at which the viewer perceives a particular team to dominate over the other team. Such activity/dominance information would help a layman viewer understand the game. It would also enable construction of an automatic digest creation system that extracts scenes having high activity/dominance. There are two facets of this study: 1. The main part of the underlying prediction model consists of a Stick-Breaking Hidden Markov Model, where the data automatically estimates the number of states of the Markov process behind the data. 2. The data used in this paper is vector time-series data consisting of player, referee, and ball positions, together with team information, acquired by a set of fixed cameras. The problem was approached with a Bayesian framework where learning and prediction were implemented by three different methods: Markov Chain Monte Carlo, Expectation Maximization, and Variational Bayes. The proposed method was tested using a dataset consisting of 10 professional soccer games and was compared against standard regression methods. 相似文献
7.
Fumiya Iida Yohei Minekawa Jürgen Rummel André Seyfarth 《Robotics and Autonomous Systems》2009,57(2):139-144
Conventional models of bipedal walking generally assume rigid body structures, while elastic material properties seem to play an essential role in nature. On the basis of a novel theoretical model of bipedal walking, this paper investigates a model of biped robot which makes use of minimum control and elastic passive joints inspired from the structures of biological systems. The model is evaluated in simulation and a physical robotic platform by analyzing the kinematics and ground reaction force. The experimental results show that, with a proper leg design of passive dynamics and elasticity, an attractor state of human-like walking gait patterns can be achieved through extremely simple control without sensory feedback. The detailed analysis also explains how the dynamic human-like gait can contribute to adaptive biped walking. 相似文献
8.
Kunihiro Ogata Tokio Umino Tsuyoshi Nakayama Eiichi Ono Toshiaki Tsuji 《Advanced Robotics》2017,31(6):303-310
Development of clothing in consideration of the shape and body function of a person with spinal cord injury is an important task. Then, a dummy robot with a deformation mechanism was developed in this study for evaluating the comfortable level of clothings. Specifically, a trunk joint mechanism and an abdominal mechanism that can realize various deformations of the abdominal area and various trunk poses were developed. The trunk joint mechanism was implemented in order to simulate the seated posture of persons with spinal cord injury. The abdominal deformation mechanism was implemented using linear actuators and rotating servomotors in order to simulate abdominal obesity of persons with spinal cord injury. Further, a tactile sensor system was developed for measuring the clothing pressure on the abdominal area and evaluating the comfort or discomfort of clothing. 相似文献
9.
Tokuyuki Yoshida Yasuo Yoshioka Hideki Takahashi Kazuki Misato Takahide Mori Toshiro Hirai Kazuya Nagano Yasuhiro Abe Yohei Mukai Haruhiko Kamada Shin-ichi Tsunoda Hiromi Nabeshi Tomoaki Yoshikawa Kazuma Higashisaka Yasuo Tsutsumi 《Nanoscale research letters》2014,9(1):532
Although amorphous silica nanoparticles are widely used in the production of food products (e.g., as anticaking agents), there is little information available about their absorption and biological effects after oral exposure. Here, we examined the in vitro intestinal absorption and in vivo biological effects in mice of orally administered amorphous silica particles with diameters of 70, 300, and 1,000 nm (nSP70, mSP300, and mSP1000, respectively) and of nSP70 that had been surface-modified with carboxyl or amine groups (nSP70-C and nSP70-N, respectively). Analysis of intestinal absorption by means of the everted gut sac method combined with an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer showed that the intestinal absorption of nSP70-C was significantly greater than that of nSP70. The absorption of nSP70-N tended to be greater than that of nSP70; however, the results were not statistically significant. Our results indicate that silica nanoparticles can be absorbed through the intestine and that particle diameter and surface properties are major determinants of the degree of absorption. We also examined the biological effects of the silica particles after 28-day oral exposure in mice. Hematological, histopathological, and biochemical analyses showed no significant differences between control mice and mice treated with the silica particles, suggesting that the silica nanoparticles evaluated in this study are safe for use in food production. 相似文献
10.
Susumu Fujii Masato Yoshiya Akuto Yumura Yohei Miyauchi Masahiro Tada Hideyuki Yasuda 《Journal of Electronic Materials》2014,43(6):1905-1915
The phonon thermal conductivity of misfit-layered Ca3Co4O9 has been calculated by perturbed molecular dynamics using a classical force field. Detailed numerical analyses reveal that, in spite of its smaller cross-sectional area, the CoO2 layer transports more heat than the thicker rock salt (RS) layer, although its local thermal conduction is more suppressed than in another layered cobaltite, Na x CoO2. The origins of these differences have been elucidated through careful examination of the atomic arrangements in each layer. Since thermal conduction in the RS layer can be reduced without deteriorating electronic properties for which the CoO2 layer is responsible, it is suggested that the RS layer should be modified to further suppress the overall in-plane thermal conductivity. Computational experiments with increasing number of Ca–O planes in the RS layer showed the opposite trend to what can be predicted based on the misfit between two dissimilar layers. Further analyses to reveal the origin of these unexpected results provide yet another strategy to further decrease the thermal conductivity, namely to control the dynamic interference between atoms across the interface between two layers. 相似文献