供水管网DMA优化分区设计方案

实施独立计量分区(district metered area,DMA)是辅助供水管网管理和漏损识别的重要手段.图划分算法是进行DMA分区的方法之一,常规图划分算法应用中,存在解空间受限、分区后原水流状态易发生较大改变、形成较多串联分区(对流量计算不利)的缺点.在常规图划分算法基础上进行了改进:粗化阶段按照特定规则匹配、合并非输水干管两端的节点,形成简化的管网拓扑结构;分区阶段得到管网初步分区方案;细化阶段提出基于贪心算法、枚举算法、蒙特卡洛算法的分区调整方法,结合改进的仪表安置方法、水力模拟、优劣解距离法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS),对分区方案进行调整.将该方法应用于YX市供水管网,成功进行了分区.     

Sequence-Dependent Nanofiber Structures of Phenylalanine and Isoleucine Tripeptides

The molecular design of short peptides to achieve a tailor-made functional architecture has attracted attention during the past decade but remains challenging as a result of insufficient understanding of the relationship between peptide sequence and assembled supramolecular structures. We report a hybrid-resolution model to computationally explore the sequence–structure relationship of self-assembly for tripeptides containing only phenylalanine and isoleucine. We found that all these tripeptides have a tendency to assemble into nanofibers composed of laterally associated filaments. Molecular arrangements within the assemblies are diverse and vary depending on the sequences. This structural diversity originates from (1) distinct conformations of peptide building blocks that lead to different surface geometries of the filaments and (2) unique sidechain arrangements at the filament interfaces for each sequence. Many conformations are available for tripeptides in solution, but only an extended β-strand and another resembling a right-handed turn are observed in assemblies. It was found that the sequence dependence of these conformations and the packing of resulting filaments are determined by multiple competing noncovalent forces, with hydrophobic interactions involving Phe being particularly important. The sequence pattern for each type of assembly conformation and packing has been identified. These results highlight the importance of the interplay between conformation, molecular packing, and sequences for determining detailed nanostructures of peptides and provide a detailed insight to support a more precise design of peptide-based nanomaterials.     

河长制中的河流岸线规划与管理

根据河流城镇区域岸线和乡村区域岸线的特点,针对河岸纵向、横向、功能区划以及主体工程的要求,分别提出了各自规划的具体要求和方法,并详述了岸线评价方法,提出了岸线管控的具体建议,为河长制中的岸线开发、保护提供参考。     

Fixed‐time synchronization for complex‐valued BAM neural networks with time delays

In this paper, the fixed‐time synchronization for complex‐valued bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural networks with time delays is studied. Based on the fixed‐time stability, the Lyapunov functional method and some inequality techniques, a new criterion is presented to guarantee that the addressed systems achieve synchronization in fixed time and a more accurate estimation independent of the initial conditions is given for the settling time. Meanwhile, a new nonlinear delayed controller different from the existing ones is designed. In the end, two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained result.     

电磁成形过程中线圈温升及结构优化

电磁成形过程中线圈温升过高会缩短其使用寿命,优化线圈结构可以在不影响成形效果的情况下降低温升.该文以管件电磁成形所使用的螺线管线圈为研究对象,利用电磁场—机械结构场—温度场耦合有限元模型,针对线圈绕制工艺的特点,详细探讨线圈层数、匝数、高度、宽度、匝间距以及层间距这六种结构参数对线圈温升及成形效果的影响.仿真结果表明,合适的结构参数均能抑制线圈温升,同时保持工件成形效果,但六种结构参数的影响程度并不相同.该结果为管件电磁成形线圈的结构优化设计提供了建议,为提高线圈使用寿命指明了方向.     

办公建筑体育活动室楼板隔声构造优化策略

良好的声环境对于办公人员有效率地工作显得尤为重要.针对办公建筑体育活动室人员运动的楼板撞击声对楼下办公空间的噪声影响,选取苏州某设计院为研究对象,通过实地声环境调研、主观问卷的形式对活动室下的办公空间进行噪声现状分析,对办公建筑活动室楼板进行构造优化设计,并提出针对既有办公建筑体育活动室楼板隔声性能的优化策略,从而为办公建筑体育活动室楼板隔声构造设计提供参考.     

A Survey of Underwater Multi-Robot Systems

As a cross-cutting field between ocean development and multi-robot system (MRS), the underwater multi-robot system (UMRS) has gained increasing attention from researchers and engineers in recent decades. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of cooperation issues, one of the key components of UMRS, from the perspective of the emergence of new functions. More specifically, we categorize the cooperation in terms of task-space, motion-space, measurement-space, as well as their combination. Further, we analyze the architecture of UMRS from three aspects, i.e., the performance of the individual underwater robot, the new functions of underwater robots, and the technical approaches of MRS. To conclude, we have discussed related promising directions for future research. This survey provides valuable insight into the reasonable utilization of UMRS to attain diverse underwater tasks in complex ocean application scenarios.      

橄榄油与椰子油混油基对类蛋黄酱乳液流变及冻融稳定性的影响

以类蛋黄酱体系为研究对象，运用Turbiscan、流变仪、粒度仪、显微镜研究在pH 3条件下橄榄油与椰子油不同比例复配（10∶ 0、9∶ 1、8∶ 2、7∶ 3）的混油基对于乳清分离蛋白-蛋黄卵磷脂稳定的乳液体系流变性质及冻融稳定性的影响。结果表明：随着椰子油比例增加，乳液黏度增加，弹性模量增加，橄榄油与椰子油质量比7∶ 3复配混油基制得的乳液具有最大的黏度和最高的弹性模量；所有乳液在4~40 ℃弹性模量下降，说明乳液在贮存、冷藏运输过程中内部结构完整，乳液具有良好的稳定性;蛋黄卵磷脂能够提高含椰子油（饱和脂肪酸含量高）乳液的冻融稳定性，并且椰子油比例越大（饱和程度越高），冻融稳定性提高效果越好;乳液冻融稳定性从高到低依次为橄榄油与椰子油质量比为7∶ 3>8∶ 2>9∶ 1>10∶ 0。     

坳陷湖盆大型浅水三角洲沉积特征与生长模式

坳陷湖盆大型浅水三角洲是目前中国陆上岩性油气藏规模储量增长的主体.通过对松辽盆地南部上白垩统保乾三角洲和现代鄱阳湖赣江三角洲解剖,重点探讨湖盆浅水三角洲形成的地质背景、沉积特征与生长模式.结果表面:①坳陷湖盆具有形成大型浅水三角洲的沉积背景,敞流型湖盆导致的湖平面频繁升降控制了浅水三角洲的纵横向发育规模.②松辽盆地南部...     

分布式电驱动无人高速履带车辆越野环境轨迹预测方法研究

越野环境下,无人车辆轨迹预测是车辆轨迹跟踪和精确导航的核心模块,预测误差将直接影响无人车辆行驶任务完成的准确程度。为实现速差转向式履带车辆在复杂越野环境下无人行驶轨迹准确预测的目的,搭建了分布式电驱动无人履带车辆系统,实现了车辆动态过程中的无人系统数据和车辆底层状态数据的同步采集。建立了速差转向车辆运动学模型,分析了履带车辆滑动转向特性。分别采用扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)方法和Levenberg-Marquardt方法对转向过程中的滑动参数进行估计,并完成了车辆轨迹预测。基于真实越野环境下的实车数据进行了验证。试验结果表明：相比于履带车辆理想预测模型,所采用的两种轨迹预测方法都大幅降低了车辆轨迹预测误差;对误差均值而言,EKF方法预测轨迹优于Levenberg-Marquardt方法;对误差标准差而言,后者优于前者,且随着转向程度的增加而增大。