Strong enhancement of Rayleigh wave localization beneath a drop trace on anisotropic substrates

It is predicted that waveguide localization of Rayleigh surface acoustic waves can exhibit manifold enhancement beneath the trace of a spreading drop on an anisotropic substrate, if the anisotropy of the medium provides the conditions for autocollimation of the guided beam. This effect makes it possible to calculate the lowest-order Rayleigh waveguide modes beneath the drop trace ignoring its finite width.     

Catalysts for hydrogen production in a multifuel processor by methanol,dimethyl ether and bioethanol steam reforming for fuel cell applications

Methanol, dimethyl ether and bioethanol steam reforming to hydrogen-rich gas were studied over CuO/CeO₂ and CuO–CeO₂/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts. Both catalysts were found to provide complete conversion of methanol to hydrogen-rich gas at 300–350 °C. Complete conversion of dimethyl ether to hydrogen-rich gas occurred over CuO–CeO₂/γ-Al₂O₃ at 350–370 °C. Complete conversion of ethanol to hydrogen-rich gas occurred over CuO/CeO₂ at 350 °C. In both cases, the CO content in the obtained gas mixture was low (<2 vol.%). This hydrogen-rich gas can be used directly for fuelling high-temperature PEM FC. For fuelling low-temperature PEM FC, it is needed only to clean up the hydrogen-rich gas from CO to the level of 10 ppm. CuO/CeO₂ catalyst can be used for this purpose as well. Since no individual WGS stage, that is necessary in most other hydrogen production processes, is involved here, the miniaturization of the multifuel processor for hydrogen production by methanol, ethanol or DME SR is quite feasible.     

Catalytic reforming of hydrocarbon feedstocks into fuel for power generation units

The feasibility of realization of the multifuel operation principle, specifically, production of a hydrogen-containing gas from various types of hydrocarbon feedstocks using the same catalyst under similar reaction conditions is considered. The steam reforming of two types of hydrocarbon mixtures, namely diesel fuel satisfying GOST (State Standard) R 52368-2005 (EN 590:2004) and a methane-propane mixture imitating the composition of associated petroleum gas, has been investigated to clarify this issue. These hydrocarbon feedstocks were chosen for the reason that they are universally used as a fuel for various types of power generation units. Experiments have been carried out in a catalytic flow reactor at 250–480°C (for the methane-propane mixture) and 500–600°C (for diesel fuel) and pressures of 1–15 atm using a nickel-containing catalyst (NIAP-18). This catalyst has been demonstrated to ensure conversion of different types of hydrocarbon feedstocks into synthesis gas and methane-hydrogen mixtures usable as a fuel for power generation units based on high-temperature fuel cells and for spark-ignition, diesel, and gas-diesel engines.     

Self-Organization of Detonation-Diamond Particles on a Substrate in Carbon Condensation from the Vapor–Gas Phase

Technical Physics Letters - Processes in which the island structure is ordered occur in composite carbon films produced by preliminary population of an amorphous substrate with a detonation-diamond...     

Dielectric properties of silver-doped nanoporous silicate glasses in the temperature range between –50 and +250°C

The results of measuring dielectric parameters of nanoporous silicate glasses with a nanopore size of 3.5 and 25.7 nm, either doped with silver or not, in the temperature range between–50 and +250°C and the frequency range of 0.1–10⁶ Hz are reported. It is demonstrated that when silver nanoparticles are formed in glass pores, some silver remains in the form of subnanosized molecular clusters Ag _n and molecular complexes Ag _n –(OH) _m . The key dielectric properties of the relaxation centers are determined for different temperature ranges.