二次建模在政府信息化软件开发中的应用与研究

将二次建模方法应用在政府信息化软件的开发工作中,提出了在任务分解时,首先从需求中分解出独立特征和具体业务特征,再从具体业务特征中分别抽象出共性特征和具体业务的个性特征,并对共性特征和独立特征与具体业务的个性特征分别建模。应用实践表明,该方法提高了软件的可重用性,缩短了开发周期,便于维护,增强了开发政府信息化软件的实用性。     

城市土地利用变化中邻域相互作用的特征——日本三大都市圈的比较研究

Local spatial interaction between neighborhood land-use categories (i.e.neighborhood interaction) is an important factor which affects urban land-use change patterns.Therefore, it is a key component in cellular automata (CA)-based urban geosimulation models towards the simulation and forecast of urban land-use changes. Purpose of this paper is to interpret the similarities and differences of the characteristics of neighborhood interaction in urban land-use changes of different metropolitan areas in Japan for providing empirical materials to understand the mechanism of urban land-use changes and construct urban geosimulation models. Characteristics of neighborhood interaction in urban land-use changes of three metropolitan areas in Japan, i.e. Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya, were compared using such aids as the neighborhood interaction model and similarity measure function. As a result,urban land-use in the three metropolitan areas was found to have had similar structure and patterns during the study period. Characteristics of neighborhood interaction in urban land-use changes are quite different from land-use categories, meaning that the mechanism of urban land-use changes comparatively differs among land-use categories. Characteristics of neighborhood interaction reveal the effect of spatial autocorrelation in the spatial process of urban land-use changes in the three metropolitan areas, which correspond with the characteristics of agglomeration of urban land-use allocation in Japan. Neighborhood interaction amidst urban land-use changes between the three metropolitan areas generally showed similar characteristics. The regressed neighborhood interaction coefficients in the models may represent the general characteristics of neighborhood effect on urban land-use changes in the cities of Japan. The results provide very significant materials for exploring the mechanism of urban land-use changes and the construction of universal urban geosimulation models which may be applied to any city in Japan.     

CAD数据与GIS应用环境的融合方法研究

大多数GIS应用系统的建设需要基础地理数据的支持,而大比例尺基础地理数据的采集、存储与更新目前普遍基于AutoCAD环境、采用CAD格式,将CAD数据转换为GIS数据花费大且更新时一致性难以保证。本文提出一种将CAD数据与GIS应用环境相融合的新方法,旨在为当前GIS应用中的“数据瓶颈”问题提供一种实用的解决办法。