WC-20Co硬质合金与1045钢的焊条电弧焊研究

用Z408焊条对WC-20Co硬质合金与1045钢进行了焊条电弧焊,并与J422焊条对比分析了所焊接头的组织与力学性能。试验结果表明:采用J422碳钢焊条焊接WC-20Co与1045钢时,在焊缝与硬质合金界面处生成η碳化物层,焊缝组织以马氏体和共晶为主,接头结合强度仅为硬质合金母材的1/5,不适于硬质合金焊接;用Z408铸铁焊条焊接时则不产生界面η碳化物,接头结合强度达到1180 MPa,可用于WC-20Co与1045钢的焊接;但Z408焊条易在焊缝中残留夹渣,影响接头强度,焊接时应适当提高热输入;焊前450℃预热和焊后450℃保温可以防止裂纹的产生。     

WC-Co-Ni硬质合金与45号钢焊条电弧焊研究

为研究硬质合金与碳钢焊条电弧焊连接的可行性,选取低碳钢焊条J422、铸铁焊条Z308和Z408对WC-10Co-20Ni硬质合金与45号钢进行焊条电弧焊连接,通过微观组织分析、X射线衍射(XRD)物相分析、硬度分布测试及弯曲强度测试等手段,对比分析了3种焊条所焊接头的组织与性能,研究结果表明:采用J422焊条焊接后,焊缝组织以马氏体和共晶碳化物为主,并含有η碳化物层,接头结合强度弱,不适于焊接硬质合金;Z308和Z408焊条可以抑制界面η碳化物层的生成,但在焊缝中有大量夹渣,影响接头性能;Z408焊条焊缝有少量的共晶碳化物产生,但因熔敷金属的膨胀系数介于硬质合金与钢之间,能有效缓解焊接应力,较适合用于硬质合金的焊接。使用Z408焊条焊接时,采取适当提高电流,增加摆动频率等工艺措施,可以减少夹渣的数量和分布状态,促进成分和组织均匀化,有利于提高接头性能,弯曲强度可以达到WC-10Co-20Ni硬质合金母材强度的90%以上。     

Shielded metal arc welding of cemented carbide to carbon steel

Electrode ENiFe-C1 and E4303 were selected to join the cemented carbide WC-20Co and carbon steel 45 by shielded metal arc welding process. Microstructure and bending property of the corresponding joints were analyzed. The results showed that the carbon steel electrode E4303 had no proper metallurgy condition for the arc welding of cemented carbide and carbon steel. The C and Ni content of the cast iron electrode ENiFe-C1 could meet the condition of preventing the formation ofη carbide,which was suit to the arc welding of cemented carbide and carbon steel,but the operation parameters needed to be optimized to minimize the slag inclusion. The alloy WC-20Co which did not fit for cold arc welding,by adopting the measure of being preheated at 723 K for 1 h before welding,and being kept at 723 K for 3 h after welding then followed furnace cooling could avoid the happening of crack in the WC-20Co base metal.