在表面活性剂存在下用4,4’-二硝基重氮氨基苯分光光度测定痕量银

4,4'-二硝基重氮氨基苯 O_2N-〈〉-N=N-_N~H-〈〉-NO_2(以下简称 DNAAB)在苛性碱溶液中的玫瑰红色,可被汞(Ⅱ)、镉(Ⅱ)、银(Ⅱ)等离子减褪,借此可测定汞、镉、银。但迄今还未见在表面活性剂存在下的水溶液中用 DNAAB 测银的报导。本文研究了在阳离子表面活性剂溴     

Efficient C N formation for preparing α-branched primary amines by recycled intramolecular reactions of 1,8-naphthosultoneusing ammonia as nitrogen source

Amination of tertiary and secondary alcohols using aqueous ammonia as nitrogen source was carried out by a process with recyclable intramolecular reaction of 1,8-naphthosultone, which lead to α-branched primary amines. Sulfonic resin serves as the heterogeneous catalyst for CN bond formation and protects the neighboring hydroxyl group until the required hydrolysis starts in the alkaline solution. The process can be conducted under mild conditions, no additional solvent is needed and no overreaction to secondary or tertiary amines occurs.     

论建设项目“未批先建”的法律责任

为全面遏制环评乱象,更好地规制"未批先建"违法行为,数次修法活动都在法律责任方面作出了立法调整。《环境影响评价法》第31条虽然取消了"限期补办环评手续"的规定,加大了处罚力度,但在对已建成投产或使用的违法行为的规制、罚基的认定、责令恢复原状性质的界定及适用等方面还存在诸多缺陷,实践中难以将法律责任落实到位。基于此,有必要在立法层面完善责令改正的行政命令和建设单位相关责任人的制裁措施,在行政解释层面对罚基的认定、责令恢复原状的法律性质及适用进行具体细化,进而化解执法的困境,实现法律应有的惩处和补救功能。