Possible origins for paramagnetic-ferromagnetic and insulator-metal transitions as well as colossal magnetoresistance in manganites

Systematical investigations of zero-field resistivity, magnetoresistance and magnetization were performed for a typical manganese compound La_2/3Ca_1/3MnO₃. It is argued that the common origin for insulator-metal and paramagenetic ferromagnetic-transitions as well as colossal magnetoresistance is due to the formation of ferromagnetic clusters in the paramagnetic background. The transition to metallic state is resulted from percolation of ferromagnetic metallic clusters, while the colossal magnetoresistance is due to the application of magnetic field, which accelerates the growth of ferromagnetic metallic clusters and causes the shift of the onset temperature for the metallic percolation to higher temperature. Based on the random resistor network model, the zero-field resistivity versus temperature dependence is simulated by using experimental parameters, and experimental data well agree with those in whole temperature range, giving a strong support to our approach.     

高阻相对La2／3Ca1／3MnO3低场磁电阻效应的影响

实验研究了La2／3Ca1/3MnO3系统晶界上掺杂(YSZ)对其输运性能和磁电阻效应(MR)的影响。样品是由溶胶．凝胶法制成的。通过对样品的电输运特性的测量表明,在掺杂量(x)低于2％时,掺杂引起电阻的增大并降低了金属．绝缘体转变温度;当掺杂量高于2％时电阻逐渐减小,且转变温度增加。而低场磁电阻效应随掺杂量增加,在x=1％时达到最大。     

La0.5Ca0.5MnO3中Ca位上Ba掺杂效应研究

用固态反应法制备了具有单相结构的La_0.5Ca_0.5-xBa_xMnO₃系列样品,其结构随Ba含量增加由立方晶系转变为典型的正交晶系．零场下输运性质实验表明,在较低掺杂量时,系统在整个温区显示半导体型导电特征,而当掺杂量超过0.14时,系统发生由半导体到金属的转变,且转变的温度随掺杂量增加而移向高温瑞．基于对实验结果的分析,就Ca位上Ba掺杂所起的作用进行了初步探讨．     

(La1-xYx)2/3Ca1/3MnO3体系单电子eg带宽对输运性质的影响

通过实验研究了零场下La位上Y掺杂对(La1-xYx)2/3Ca1/3MnO3(x=0.10,0.15,0.20)系统输运性质的影响.实验结果表明,所有样品高温时呈半导体导电,低温时呈金属导电;随La位上Y掺杂含量的增加,峰值电阻温度向低温方向移动,并且转变温度附近的峰值电阻大大增加.基于Zhang S的自旋-极化理论,对实验观察进行了定量分析,结果显示随La位上Y掺杂含量的增加理论曲线和实验数据符合越来越好.这表明随单电子eg带宽的变窄,自旋-极化效应逐渐加强.     

La0.5Ca0.5MnO3中Ca位上Ba掺杂效应研究

用固态反应法制备了具有单相的Ｌａ０．５Ｃａ０．５－ｘＢａｘＭｎＯ３系列样品,其结构随Ｂａ含量增加由立方晶系转变为典型的正交晶系。零场下运输性质实验表明,在较低掺杂量时,系统在整个温区显示半导体型导电特征,而当掺杂量超过０．１４时,系统发生由半导体到金属的转变,且转变的温度随掺杂量增加而移向高温端,基于对实验结果的分析,就Ｃａ位上Ｂａ的掺杂所起的作用进行了初步探讨。     

In-Situ High Temperature X-Ray Diffraction Study of Structure and Phase Transformation of Nd-FePt Alloys

The structure and disorder-order transformation of NdxFe60.5-x Pt39.5（x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5） alloys were investigated in situ by high temperature X-ray diffraction. The results show that the lattice parameter a of disordered γ phase （FCC, Al structure type） and the lattice parameter ratio c/a of ordered γ1 phase （FCT, L10 structure type） increase linearly with increasing Nd concentration, whereas the c/a ratio decreases with increasing temperature. The transition temperature from ordered FCT to disordered FCC decreases with increasing Nd concentration, but for alloys quenched rapidly from γ phase region into ice-water it increases with increasing Nd.     

(1-x)La2/3Ca 1/3 MnO 3/xSb2O 5复合体系的电子输运和磁电阻行为

用两步法制备了（1-x）La2／3Ca1／3MnO3／xSb2O5复合样品．零场下电阻温度关系测量表明，对x〈3％范围。随Sb2O5含量增加，复合样品电阻率增大，绝缘体一金属转变温度降低；而对x〉3％范围，随Sb2O5含量增加。复合样品电阻率减小，绝缘体一金属转变温度提高．磁电阻测量表明，少量Sb2O5同La,2／3C＆1／3MnO3复合，可明显增强磁电阻效应．     

颗粒表面覆Cu的La2/3Ca1/3MnO3复合颗粒系统中的低场高磁电阻效应

用化学方法将Cu有关的材料引入到La2／3Ca1／3MnO3颗粒表面以形成复合颗粒系统．低磁场(0．3T)下磁电阻与温度关系测量表明，伴随着Cu有关材料的引入，磁电阻图像发生了明显变化．对纯La2／3Cal／3MnO3颗粒系统，磁电阻随温度降低而单调增加；而对复合颗粒系统，磁电阻最明显的特征是绝缘体-金属转变温度附近表现出尖的磁电阻峰，且有较高的磁电阻值．结合低场磁化实验对实验结果进行了讨论．     

Li和Nb共掺NiO的巨介电性质研究

以溶胶-凝胶法制备了化学式为LixNbyNi1-x-yO的NiO基巨介电陶瓷材料,研究了其在室温下的介电性质。在室温下,陶瓷材料频率从100Hz～10MHz内,得到了接近105数量级的相对介电常数;在掺杂材料中,Nb含量对陶瓷材料的介电性质具有显著的影响,其介电常数随着Nb含量的增加而明显减小。通过XRD、SEM以及EDS对陶瓷相成分和形貌的分析结果表明,陶瓷材料的巨介电性质归因于其具有半导性晶粒和绝缘晶界结构的内部边界层电容器模型。     

Phase Transformation and Magnetic Properties of NdxFe60.5-xPt39.5 （x=0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5） Alloys

The effect of Nd addition on the structure, phase transformation and magnetic properties of FePt based alloys was investigated. The results indicated that the transition temperature from ordered FCT to disordered FCC phase decreased with increasing Nd concentration, but for alloys quenched rapidly from the γ phase region into ice-water, it increased with increasing Nd. The Nd element not only effectively reduced the grain size of the ordered phase but also decreased the degree of the ordered phase and refined the grains of the FCC matrix phase. The remanence ratio and coereivity of the FePt based alloy as a function of the Nd content had maximum values, respectively.