Production of aluminium killed steels with high sulphur contents for automotive industry

The influence of aluminium deoxidation and various amounts of injected CaSi on resulphurized steel has been investigated. The type of inclusion formed depends on the aluminium, silicium, calcium and sulphur contents. The chemical composition of the oxide inclusion was in good agreement with the prediction of the thermodynamical equilibrium calculation.     

A thermodynamic evaluation of nitrocarburizing atmospheres

Knowledge of the thermodynamics of ammonia reforming in complex gases should be valuable for the control of nitrocarburizing processes. In this papersome gas mixtures based on N + H + O and/or N + H + O + C systems are discussed. From the equilibrium behaviour of these gas mixtures the nitrogen potential can be derived. The relations relevant to the application of measurement with oxygen sensors are shown and some errors due to the use of published equations are indicated. The calculation of the gas chemistry was made by a mathematical model named GPRO, developed by the authors, together with a specially determined data base for complex gaseous atmospheres.     

Solubility of (MnxFe1-x)S in a 3% Si steel within the temperature range 1100 to 1300°C

By EPMA point counting the contents of sulphur and manganese in solid solution were determined after annealing in a temperature range of 1100 to 1300°C and quenching in three 3% Si steels with 0.055 to 0.38% Mn. The established solubility products are not equal and differ from published data.     

The gas composition that causes oxide scale formation during the decarburisation of non‐oriented electrical steel sheets

It is shown under which conditions (gas‐composition, temperature) oxide‐scale formation on the surface of non‐oriented electrical sheet steel alloyed with silicium and aluminium during the decarburisation and thermal processing is possible. The thermodynamical calculations of equilibrium complex reactions are made using an own software package.