软管充填封口机

<正> 人们都想了解如何使用软管充填机械,以及这些机械的优点使用范围和功能,想知道怎么选择最合适的机器用于现行和规划中的软管,以满足产品生产的要求。软管的材料,如塑料、金属或复合材料,影响着对机器的选择。然而,大多数的机器都设计成     

综合水平井地质资料进行储层描述：北海南部Lancelot地区赤底统砂岩实例

Ｌａｎｃｅｌｏｔ和Ｅｘｃａｌｉｂｕｒ气田主要由水平钻探开发的Ｒｏｔｌｉｅｇｅｎｄｅ（赤底统）群气田。对这些气田水平井的地质资料进行了解释，并与垂直井资料相结合评价了目的层，改善了储层描述。     

Investigation of the levels of N(τ)-Methylhistidine in a range of beef cuts and offals

Protein-bound N(τ)-methylhistidine (N-MeHis) has been suggested as an index for the estimation of muscle (meat) protein in meat and meat products. This paper examines the levels of N-MeHis in a range of six prime beef cuts together with beef flank, cheek, mechanically recovered meat (MRM) and offals. The study was undertaken by two separate laboratories using a previously reported HPLC procedure involving the conversion of N-MeHis to a fluorescent derivative. It is shown that, whilst similar N-MeHis levels are present in the prime cuts, there is considerable variation in those found in the other cuts and offals. The average N-MeHis level in six prime cuts observed at both laboratories is 122 μg/g fat-free connective tissue-free (FFCF) meat; however, flank exhibits apparently high N-MeHis levels, whilst cheek and MRM contain only approximately 70% of the level found in the prime cuts. The offals contain between 0 and 65% of the N-MeHis level found in prime cuts. The greater variability and the often lower value of the N-MeHis content of these legitimate meat materials preclude the establishment of a single realistic index for FFCF beef, and present fundamental problems for the assessment of the lean meat content of manufactured beef products by N-MeHis determination.     

Plant Cyanogenesis of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phaseolus lunatus</Emphasis> and its Relevance for Herbivore–Plant Interaction: The Importance of Quantitative Data

Quantitative experimental results on the antiherbivorous effect of cyanogenesis are rare. In our analyses, we distinguished between the total amount of cyanide-containing compounds stored in a given tissue [cyanogenic potential (HCNp)] and the capacity for release of HCN per unit time (HCNc) from these cyanogenic precursors as a reaction to herbivory. We analyzed the impact of these cyanogenic features on herbivorous insects using different accessions of lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.) with different cyanogenic characteristics in their leaves and fourth instars of the generalist herbivore Schistocerca gregaria Forskål (Orthoptera, Acrididae). Young leaves exhibit a higher HCNp and HCNc than mature leaves. This ontogenetic variability of cyanogenesis was valid for all accessions studied. In no-choice bioassays, feeding of S. gregaria was reduced on high cyanogenic lima beans compared with low cyanogenic beans. A HCNp of about 15 μmol cyanide/g leaf (fresh weight) with a corresponding HCNc of about 1 μmol HCN released from leaf material within the first 10 min after complete tissue disintegration appears to be a threshold at which the first repellent effects on S. gregaria were observed. The repellent effect of cyanogenesis increased above these thresholds of HCNp and HCNc. No repellent action of cyanogenesis was observed on plants with lower HCNp and HCNc. These low cyanogenic accessions of P. lunatus were consumed extensively—with dramatic consequences for the herbivore. After consumption, locusts showed severe symptoms of intoxication. Choice assays confirmed the feeding preference of locusts for low over high cyanogenic leaf material of P. lunatus. The bioassays revealed total losses of HCN between 90 and 99% related to the estimated amount of ingested cyanide-containing compounds by the locusts. This general finding was independent of the cyanogenic status (high or low) of the leaf material.     

选煤是控制煤中有毒元素排放的有效方法

<正> 因为环保涉及到安全利用煤炭问题,选煤对环境的贡献就变得更为重要。公众和环保方面更为关心的是有毒元素的排放。大量研究工作发现,元素砷、镉、铅、铜、汞、镍、硒、锰和锌对人类的健康和环境构成潜在的严重威胁。一、微量元素在煤中的含量在美国,煤炭里微量元素含量随着煤田不同有相当大的变化,包括北部大平原、洛基山脉、内陆盆地、海湾和阿巴拉契亚山脉煤田,表1列举了本文所涉及到的9种微量元素在各煤田的平均含量。表1 数据表明,锰和锌元素的含量最高,其次是铜、砷、铅和镍,再次是镉和硒,汞最少。一般说来,阿巴拉契亚山脉、内陆盆地和     

Metalloorganic solution deposition of ferroelectric PZT films

The metallo-organic solution deposition (MOSD or sol-gel) technique can be used for preparing lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics with a wide range of compositions and crystal structures for electrooptical applications. Film morphology is affected by the stoichiometry of the film, hydrolysis and polymerization of the sol-gel solution, and thermal treatment of the deposited material. The lattice parameter decreases with the amount of titanium in the PZT, in agreement with ceramic data. A slight initial excess of lead in the coating solution is found to improve film morphology. Unlike traditional powder ceramic processing techniques, MOSD permits the growth of small uniform grains that are conducive to achieving consistent electronic and optical properties. Results show that the properties of films prepared by the MOSD process can be tailored to meet the needs of device applications.