A-B variable and reactions to nonimmediacy in neurotic and schizoid communications: A longitudinal analogue of psychotherapy.

Selected 36 A- and 36 B-type male undergraduates from the scores of 225 Ss on a 19-item version of the A-B scale. Ss responded verbally and therapeutically to neurotic and schizoid videotaped enactments displaying improvement, no change, and deterioration over the course of psychotherapy and exhibiting high and low conditions of verbal nonimmediacy in their communications to the therapist. A types were more immediate with the schizoid, and Bs with the neurotic, communications. Results concerning the longitudinal response to the changing display of nonimmediacy were equivocal, but subjective reaction conformed to expectancies and there was other, indirect support for the longitudinal hypothesis. Substantive conclusions are drawn concerning verbal nonimmediacy in relation to therapist-patient compatability-incompatability and as a potential intrachannel process variable in psychotherapy. The nonimmediacy model is confirmed and extended in a complex, ongoing, dyadic interaction. (24 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A bio-existential therapy.

From Freud's observation that "the ego is first and foremost a body ego," criteria for an adequate system of psychotherapy are deduced. These criteria necessitate a system of psycho-somato-therapy that contains "lived body" or "body-as-subject" and that refers disregarded body or body-as-object to some conception of pathology. To be truly systematic, such a theory of psychotherapy must consider character type, awareness of mind–body unity/disunity, and usual methods of maintaining defensive operations and characterological rigidities. Four contemporary systems of therapy (Gestalt, bio-energetics, neo-Reichian or direct-body-contact, and transactional analysis) are criticized in this respect. A phenomenological-existential synthesis, called "bio-existential therapy," which minimizes the inadequacies and maximizes the strengths of each of these therapy systems, is described and demonstrated. (19 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Accounting for time-dependent covariates whose levels are influenced by exposure status

Injury sustained through falling is a significant risk for the elderly and a significant burden on the health service. Although many risk factors have been detected and interventions proposed, there remains limited evidence concerning the cost-effectiveness of fall prevention. This study addressed the cost-effectiveness of a home assessment and modification program hypothesised to reduce risk of falling for the independent elderly. Due to a lack of direct clinical trial evidence concerning such an intervention, a decision analytic model was developed to simulate the potential costs and outcomes of the intervention. The model was developed using available published literature concerning injury in the elderly, focusing on Australian data where possible. Cost-effectiveness was estimated as the cost per fall prevented and cost per injury prevented. Over a one-year period, the incremental cost of introducing the intervention was $172 per person, resulting in an incremental cost per fall prevented of $1,721 and cost per injury prevented of $17,208. Over a 10-year period, the intervention resulted in a cost saving of $92 per person (i.e. dominance, with cost savings in addition to reduced falls and injuries). This analysis indicates that there is potential for considerable benefit to be gained from this intervention, in terms of less morbidity, fewer hospitalisations and, possibly, improved quality of life. However, these results are based on a model constructed from various data sources and assumptions so, although results are indicative, further research is required to provide firm data before definitive policy conclusions and recommendations may be made.     

Primary mucinous carcinomas of the skin express TFF1, TFF3, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptors

Mucinous carcinoma may present at various sites, including the breast and the gastrointestinal tract. Rarely, such tumors arise within the skin. Comparatively, breast lesions are relatively common and usually associated with a good prognosis. When pure, they are typically estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positive and responsive to tamoxifen. The authors studied 12 mucinous carcinomas of the skin and compared the morphology with that of typical mammary lesions. The authors also evaluated for expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and the mucus-associated peptides of the trefoil factor family (TFF), TFF1 (formerly pS2) and TFF2 (formerly SP), using immunohistochemistry. The localization of mRNAs for TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3 (formally ITF) was also studied in a subset of three tumors, using in-situ hybridization with S35 labeled riboprobes. The Grimelius stain was used to look for evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation. Eight resembled type A mucinous carcinomas of the breast, two resembled type B, and one had composite features. The 12th was a papillary neoplasm. The two type B tumors exhibited argyrophilia. All showed strong nuclear staining with the estrogen receptor antibody but a more varied pattern with antibodies to progesterone receptor and TFF1. None labeled for TFF2. The detection of TFF1 in mammalian skin is a novel finding. Cutaneous mucinous carcinoma shows strong similarities to its mammary counterpart, including expression of estrogen receptor, TFF1, and TFF3 mRNA. These observations suggest that some mucinous carcinomas of the skin might respond to antiestrogenic therapies.     

瓦特福特郡的公共图书馆

小城瓦特福特坐落在爱尔兰东南部风景如画的许尔河畔，离都柏林两个小时的火车路程。小城以几座博物馆、一家玻璃厂、一条小的步行街和一定数量的游客而自豪，最近，又增加了一座新建的或称“翻新”的图书馆。通过对这座1905年开放的卡内基图书馆的整修，     

"Metaphor to myth transformation" and the assertion of negative existentials: A reply to Sarbin.

Comments that T. R. Sarbin's (see record 1969-02573-001) argument is based on confused logic, an inappropriate application of a largely defunct philosophical position, and partly phenomenological-anthropological speculation implicitly presented as empirical evidence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Fracture of the sella turcica

Fracture involving the sella turcica is a rare complication of head trauma, but extremely important due to its strategic location adjacent to vital vascular and nervous structures. Of 14 cases reviewed, nine had at least one cranial nerve paralysis, with endocrine abnormalities and cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea seen to a lesser degree. The radiographic findings of sphenoid sinus fluid (13 of 14 cases), pneumocephalus, and unusual vascular occlusions are discussed.     

Failure of computerized axial tomography to demonstrate a chronic subdural hematoma

A chronic subdural hematoma may present in a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan with the same density as normal brain tissue. The presence of a lesion may be suggested only by its mass effect. The lack of contrast enhancement or edema may help to differentiate a chronic subdural hematoma for a neoplasm or a cerebrovascular accident.     

Some personality and aptitudinal correlates of the "A-B" therapist scale.

On the basis of prior research showing similarities between practicing therapists and undergraduates varying in A-B status, 12 scales from the Omnibus Personality Inventory and the 4 component scores of the American College Testing Program battery were related to A-B status of about 2400 undergraduates. A stepwise discriminant analysis showed that the present set of measures significantly discriminated male As from ABs (middles) and Bs, and that the differences between As and Bs involved the joint effects of masculinity-femininity, verbal aptitude, and natural science aptitude measures. As and Bs differed in a way consistent with previous reasearch on "cognitive style." Correlational and factor-analytic data indicated that the A-B variable cannot be regarded as linearly related to those measures which discriminated As from Bs. A quasi-typological interpretation of the A-B variable was proposed and methodological implications were drawn. (20 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Polymeric sulfated amino acid surfactants: a class of versatile chiral selectors for micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) and MEKC-MS

In this work, three amino acid-derived (l-leucinol, l-isoleucinol, l-valinol) sulfated chiral surfactants are synthesized and polymerized. These chiral sulfated surfactants are thoroughly characterized to determine critical micelle concentration, aggregation number, polarity, optical rotation, and partial specific volume. For the first time the morphological behavior of polymeric sulfated surfactants is revealed using cryogenic high-resolution electron microscopy. The polysodium N-undecenoyl-l-leucine sulfate shows distinct tubular structure, while polysodium N-undecenoyl-l-valine sulfate also shows tubular morphology but without any distinct order of the tubes. On the other hand, polysodium N-undecenoyl-l-isoleucine sulfate (poly-l-SUCILS) displays random distribution of coiled/curved filaments with heavy association of tightly and loosely bound water. All three polymeric sulfated surfactants are compared for enantioseparation of a broad range of structurally diverse racemic compounds at very acidic, neutral, and basic pH conditions in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). A small combinatorial library of 10 structurally related phenylethylamines (PEAs) is investigated for chiral separation under acidic and moderately acidic to neutral pH conditions using an experimental design. In contrast to neutral pH conditions, at acidic pH, significantly enhanced chiral resolution is obtained for class I and class II PEAs due to the compact structure of polymeric sulfated surfactants. It is observed that the presence of a hydroxy group on the benzene ring of PEAs resulted in deterioration of enantioseparation. A sensitive MEKC-mass spectrometry (MS) method is developed for one of the PEAs (e.g., (+/-)-pseudoephedrine) in human urine. Very low limit of detection (LOD) is obtained at pH 2.0 (LOD 325 ng/mL), which is approximately 16 times better compared to pH 8.0 (LOD 5.2 microg/mL). Another broad range of chiral analytes (beta-blockers, phenoxypropionic acid, benzoin derivatives, PTH-amino acids, benzodiazepinones) studied also provided improved chiral separation at low pH compared to high-pH conditions. Among the three polymeric sulfated surfactants, poly-l-SUCILS with two chiral centers on the polymer head group provided overall higher enantioresolution for the investigated acidic, basic, and neutral compounds. This work clearly demonstrates for the first time the superiority of chiral separation and sensitive MS detection at low pH over conventional high-pH chiral separation and detection employing anionic chiral polymeric surfactants in MEKC and MEKC-MS.